...Notes for November 7, 2014 Bus Law Review on Sunday 1 pm Practice test and study guides √ out When performance is impossible * Objective impossibility -key person is incapacitated -subject matter is destroyed -change in law makes it illegal * Commercial impracticability Ex. Farmer, crop is destroyed, cant make delivery, so the court rules is that your perfom is discharge. * Frustration of purpose Ex. Hire you to teach marial arts.. I have an accident.. my first lesson is at the hospital.. not valid Hypo… Molly offers hand-made shirts for sale for… Damages To extinguish liability under a contract, a party must provide d. COMPLETE PERFORMACE “material breach” “Substantial performance”-> half of the work done Complete performance -> the work is complete Types of Damages Compensatory compensate injured party for what they have lost -what you were promised minus what you got -incidental damages ( postage) -sale of goods * What you paid and what you should have paid -sale of land * Difference between the contract price and market price Hypo Google contrats with Dell….. What is the proper amount of compensatory damages (400-375)=$25 ($25*100 computers )+($10 shipping cost*100 computers) “Compensatory” “Incidental” Construction Contracts * Breach before contract has begun -contractor can recover only profits he would have made * During -costs to date and profit * After -can recover...
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...capitals. Negligence has speedily developed to the basis of our system for reimbursing people for unintentional damage and grievances. It allows the benches toward compensations in tort in particular conditions where it is impossible to continue a contract. It has furthermore been used innovatively to compensate individuals for financial fatalities in business settings where no extra remedy was accessible. Executive summary The aim of this learning is to study the basic lawful values for which we can use in the applied aspects of business. Also from the case studies which is given is very helpful for practical day to day issues. This is focused on non-lower therefore we should give a clear picture of the concepts such as contracts, negligence torts, breach of condition etc. This is also helpful to understand and learn the legal terms used in business contracts. This study helped me to understand the key elements of a business contract, Tort of Negligence and also the other consequences of breach, and also to apply the rule sand law for practical scenarios. Contents Introduction 1 Executive summary 2 Task 1: Scenario 4 1.1 Explain the importance of the essential...
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...“A satisfactory justification for strict liability in tort law has yet to be found.” It is generally recognised that being responsible at law or in ordinary life are very different concepts: one is based on blame while the other focuses on fault. This imbalance is embedded in the tension between the two bases of liability recognised in the law of torts. On the one hand, as stressed in Hoffman v Jones, ‘the most equitable result that can ever be reached by a court is the equation of liability with fault’. Courts have energetically defended the view that fault is crucial in establishing responsibility. On the other hand, the same jurisdictions have operated a shift since Rylands v Fletcher from this doctrinal claim to adopt a strict liability standard in particular circumstances. Despite its appearance in statutes, many claim that a satisfactory justification for strict liability in tort law has yet to be found. This essay will nevertheless argue that this stand is unsupported and untrue: it is nonsensical to call for one unique explanation for this area of the law. The law on strict liability responds to a social demand which should not be reduced to one ‘metatheory’. The first two parts of this essay will be dedicated to the analysis the ‘social and economic benefits’ of strict liability mentioned in Chavez v Southern Pacific Transportation Co. We shall then argue that these justifications are best understood when interrelated with a broader moral justification. I] Social...
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...31 courses – 9 Fundamental Courses – 2 Language Course = 20 Courses Accounting and Mgmt Control | Public and Private Policy | Economics | CPTC 31080: Pré-MSc Comptabilité (DONE) | DEVC 31110: Acteurs Publics | ECOA 31123: Macroeconomic Theory and Development | CPTC 31081: Pre-MSc Accounting (DONE) | DEVC 31112: Les enjeux de l’economie sociale | ECOA 31129: Asian Economies | CPTC 31124: Informations Comptables et Financières (CORE) | DEVC 31114: Economie urbaine et régionale | ECOA 31157: Monnaie et banque | CPTC 21125: Financial Accounting and Reporting (CORE) | DEVC 31134: Etat et gouvernance | ECOA 31180: Macroéconomie: introduction | CPTC 31246: Analyse des états financiers | DEVC 31202: Les modes de gestion des collectives et des services urbains | ECOA 31203: Economie du travail | CPTC 31247: Financial Statement Analysis | DEVC 31204: Marketing urbain | ECOA 31205: Sustainable Energy Economics | CPTC 31254: Audit et Management | DEVC 31206: Strategie et management des organisations à finalité sociale | ECOA 31226: Analyse de conjoncture | CPTC 31261: IFRS – Investor Relations | DEVC 31208: Urbanisme et aménagement | ECOI 31080: Pre-MSc Microéconomie | CPTC 31265: Group Financial Statements | DEVC 31210: Responabilité sociale de l’entreprise et developpement durable | ECOI 31081: Pre-MSc Microeconomics | CPTC 31355: Strategic Business Analysis ad Value Creation | DEVC 31212: Politiques publiques locales | ECOI 31142: Economie managériale | CPTC...
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...| | | | | | | | |Marcel Mauss (1923-1924) | | | | | | | | | | | | ...
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...necessarily those of the United Nations, WTO, WIPO, ICSID, UNCITRAL or the Advisory Centre on WTO Law. The designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply an expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or areas or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In quotations from the official documents and the jurisprudence of international organizations and tribunals countries are designated as reported. The United Nations holds copyright to this document. The course is also available in electronic format on the UNCTAD website (www.unctad.org). Copies may be downloaded free of charge on the understanding that they will be used for teaching or study and not for a commercial purpose. Appropriate acknowledgement of the source is requested. UNCTAD/EDM/Misc.232/Add.20 Copyright © United Nations, 2003 All rights reserved 5.9 Electronic Arbitration iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Note What you will learn 1. Dispute Resolution Methods in Electronic Commerce 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Advantages of Online Dispute Resolution 1.2.1 Cost-effectiveness 1.2.2 Effectiveness of Solutions, Recommended or Imposed 1.3 Assessing Methods of Online Dispute Resolution 1.3.1 Determining Factors 1.3.2 Consequences of a Decision 1.4 Conclusion…….. 1.5 Case Study 2. Formation of the Electronic Arbitration Agreement 2.1...
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...maintain a balanced relationship between workers and management. Unions’ existence can be traced from the 18th century, when the rapid growth of industrialisation took place. This industrial growth drew attention of women, children, rural workers and immigrants to the work force in different roles and actions. This unskilled and semi-skilled work force continuously organized them to fit in to the system from the beginning; and later become an important arena for the development of trade unions. In recent age the relationship between employee and employer has changed so does the process of representation process. The relationship between employee and employer should have some sort of equality in it. But as a matter of fact this has rarely be a case when an applicant or employee gets the choice to select the desired workplace or work itself from the employers. It’s rather more driven by employers’ choice and decision (Steve Williams & Derek Adam-Smith, 2010). This relationship between employer and employee is often mentioned as IR (Industrial Relations) which actually shares the similar value and terms with employee relations (Edwards, 2003). Traditionally employees used to put up their opinions and demands towards the employers regarding wage, work conditions, working hours etc. with the...
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...DOING BUSINESS IN CHINA: The Human Rights Challenge CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION China: World Economic and Manufacturing Centre Why Are Human Rights so Important for International Business? Chinese Legislation: Gap Between Theory and Practice p. 3 p. 4 p. 6 II. SPECIFIC ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Freedom of Association, the Right to Form and Join Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining 2. Working Conditions 3. Discrimination 4. Forced Labour 5. Forced Evictions 6. The Rights of Children 7. The Right to Freedom of Expression and Information p. 8 p. 12 p. 16 p. 20 p. 23 p. 26 p. 29 p. 32 p. 33 p. 34 p. 37 III. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS TO COMPANIES IV. CONCLUSION V. LEGAL STANDARDS AND SOURCES VI. CONTACT ADDRESSES 2 I. INTRODUCTION China: World Economic and Manufacturing Centre Over the years China has become one of the largest economies in the world and the manufacturing centre of the world. Since the seventies, China has sought joint venture partners and encouraged technology transfer through foreign investment. Chinese firms are successfully manufacturing products on behalf of numerous foreign companies. The Chinese government provides massive contracts to foreign firms in order to build up the infrastructure required for its industrialization. Many companies establish distribution networks in China in order to benefit from the large home-market and increasing purchasing power of Chinese consumers. Last but not least, in 2008 China organized the first...
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...Responsabilité sociale des entreprises et lobbying : Quelle éthique pour quels enjeux dans les cabinets de conseil en lobbying? Richard MAJOR Chercheur au CERGAM à l’IAE d’Aix en Provence et consultant en management Madina RIVAL Maître de conférences au Cnam Paris et chercheur au LIRSA Remerciements : Les auteurs remercient Frédérique Déjean pour son apport à cette communication, notamment lors du recueil de certaines données. Résumé : En France, le conseil en lobbying est une activité à la fois récente et mal perçue, contrairement à ce qui se pratique aux États-Unis. Il est vrai que l’influence de la décision publique est une profession particulièrement sensible, tant sur le plan managérial que sur le plan sociétal. C’est pourquoi l’éthique (comprise dans son sens général comme la morale appliquée aux affaires) peut y jouer un rôle central. Cette communication s’interroge sur les pratiques et les enjeux de l’éthique dans le conseil en lobbying. Le terrain privilégié dans cette étude exploratoire du sujet est la France. Le cas d’un cabinet de conseil en lobbying est plus particulièrement développé, fruit d’une observation participante de trois mois. Il est complété par des données secondaires sur la profession en France et aux États Unis ainsi que sur les institutions françaises, européennes, américaines et québécoises. Les résultats de cette recherche sont développés autour de deux axes : 1. La pratique de l’éthique du lobbying diffère...
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...The Role and Measurement of Quality in Competition Analysis 2013 The OECD Competition Committee discussed the role and measurement of quality in competition analysis in June 2013. This document contains an executive summary of that debate and the documents from the meeting: an analytical note by the OECD staff and written submissions: Australia, Canada, Chile, the European Union, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, United Kingdom, Ukraine, United States and BIAC. A note by Theodore Voorhees Jr. as well as a detailed summary of the discussion are also included. Competition policy is just as concerned with quality as it is with prices. While the importance of quality is undisputed and issues about quality are mentioned pervasively in competition agency guidelines and court decisions, there is no widely-agreed framework for analysing it which often renders its treatment superficial. There are a number of reasons why in practice, courts and competition authorities rarely analyse quality effects as rigorously as they analyse price effects. First, quality is a subjective concept and therefore much harder to define and measure than prices. In addition, microeconomic theory offers little help in predicting how changes in the level of competition in a market will affect quality and it is usually up to empirical analysis to determine how quality will change in response to varying degrees of competition in the context of particular markets. Given difficulties in terms of the evaluation...
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...From Compliance to Practice Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke SFB-Governance Working Paper Series 25 • October 2011 DFG Sonderforschungsbereich 700 Governance in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit - Neue Formen des Regierens? DFG Research Center (SFB) 700 Governance in Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance? SFB-Governance Working Paper Series Edited by the Research Center (SFB) 700 „Governance In Areas of Limited Statehood - New Modes of Governance?“ The SFB-Governance Working Paper Series serves to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publication to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Paper Series should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright remains with the authors. Copyright for this issue: Tanja A. Börzel/Jana Hönke Editorial assistance and production: Tanja Kilper/Sara Gebh/Anna Jüschke All SFB-Governance Working Papers can be downloaded free of charge from our website www.sfb-governance.de/en/ publikationen or ordered in print via e-mail to sfb700@zedat.fu-berlin.de. Börzel, Tanja A./ Hönke, Jana 2011: From Compliance to Practice. Mining Companies and the Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights in the Democratic Republic of Congo, SFB-Governance Working Paper Series, No. 25, Research Center (SFB) 700, Berlin, October 2011. ISSN 1864-1024 (Internet)...
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...NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND POLITICS GUIDE TO FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL LEGAL CITATIONS FIRST EDITION ● 2006 © Copyright 2006 by New York University Contents FORWARD AND GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS................................................................................................. xiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................................xv COUNTRY CITATION GUIDES ARGENTINA...............................................................................................................................................................1 I. COUNTRY PROFILE ..................................................................................................................................1 II. CITATION GUIDE.......................................................................................................................................2 1.0 CONSTITUTION...................................................................................................................................2 2.0 LEGISLATION......................................................................................................................................2 3.0 JURISPRUDENCE ................................................................................................................................3 4.0 BOOKS .....................................
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...Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales Ann´e 2007 e Num´ro attribu´ par la biblioth`que e e e ———————————— Essais en Finance d’Entreprise THESE POUR LE DOCTORAT EN SCIENCES ECONOMIQUES DE L’ECOLE DES HAUTES ETUDES EN SCIENCES SOCIALES Pr´sent´e et soutenue publiquement par e e David SRAER le 29 Juin 2007 Directeur de th`se e M. Jean Tirole Directeur d’Etudes ` l’E.H.E.S.S. a JURY M. Denis Gromb, Mme. Ulrike Malmendier , M. Brunos Biais, M. Jacques Cr´mer, e Professeur, London Business School (Rapporteur) Assistant Professeur, Universit´ de Californie, Berkeley (Rapporteur) e Directeur de Recherche au C.N.R.S., Universit´ de Toulouse 1 e Directeur de Recherche au C.N.R.S., Universit´ de Toulouse 1 e Remerciements J’ai ` l’´gard de Jean Tirole un dette incommensurable : pour l’accueil chaleureux dont il m’a fait b´n´ficier ` a e e e a chacune de mes venues ` Toulouse, pour l’incroyable richesse des discussions que nous avons pu avoir tout au long a du d´veloppement de cette th`se, pour le soutien qu’il m’a toujours apport´ et pour l’extraordinaire qualit´ de ses e e e e conseils scientifiques, je luis suis infiniment gr´. e David Thesmar m’a fait d´couvrir ce qu’´tait r´ellement la recherche en ´conomie et surtout, a su m’ouvrir les e e e e yeux sur ce qu’´tait la bonne recherche en ´conomie. Sans lui, et ` de tr`s nombreux ´gards, cette th`se n’existerait e e a e e e pas. Sa cr´ativit´, son enthousiasme, sa curiosit´ tout comme son amiti´ ont ´t´...
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...CONTRATTO COLLETTIVO NAZIONALE DI LAVORO 09 DICEMBRE 2004 FAIRO (Foreign Airlines Industrial Relations Organization) Dedichiamo questa edizione alla memoria del caro collega e amico Giorgio Imbriani che ha generosamente contribuito con le sue doti professionali e personali alla nascita e allo sviluppo della associazione Fairo. 1 CONTRATTO COLLETTIVO NAZIONALE DI LAVORO 09 Dicembre 2004 Costituzione delle parti Premessa Lista delle Compagnie associate alla FAIRO Parte Comune A) Investimenti B) Livelli occupazionali C) Diritto allo studio - Lavoratori studenti D) Contrattazione integrativa aziendale E) Assetti contrattuali F) Visite di inventario e personali G) Molestie Sessuali H) Portatori di Handicap I) Pari Opportunità L) Disposizioni e regolamenti Aziendali M) Applicazione ed inscindibilità delle norme contrattuali N) Relazioni Industriali O) Garanzie occupazionali P) Previdenza complementare Q) Commissione rivisitazione declaratoria R) Banca ore S) Decorrenza e durata Parte Specifica Art 1 Assunzione e documenti relativi Art 2 Contratto a termine/di formazione/Lavoro Interinale Art 3 Periodo di prova Art 4 Suddivisione del personale e Declaratorie Art 5 Mutamento di mansioni Art 6 Orario di lavoro Art 7 Giorni festivi e riposo settimanale Art 7/A Festività soppresse Art 8 Lavoro straordinario: diurno, festivo, notturno Art 9 Stipendi minimi mensili Art 10 Aumenti di anzianità Art 11 13a mensilità, indennità amministrativa, indennità varie, premio di produzione...
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...3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page i International Human Resource Management 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page ii 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iii second edition International Human Resource Management edited by A n n e - Wi l H a r z i n g J o r i s Va n R u y s s e v e l d t SAGE Publications London l Thousand Oaks l New Delhi 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iv © Anne-Wil Harzing and Joris van Ruysseveldt, 2004 First published 2004 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Olivers Yard London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42, Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 100 017 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 4039 1 ISBN 0 7619 4040 5 (pbk) Library of Congress Control Number...
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