...self-managed learning and collaborative online learning. Learning quantitative subjects such as mathematics or finance in a conventional environment is very demanding and it is difficult to grasp by a majority of learners compared to learning qualitative subjects such as management or marketing. The same problem existed in learning these subjects through e-learning. Therefore, interactions between the academic staff or tutors with the learners and also amongst learners are important. Thus, it is critical that quality and effective teaching and learning progression take place in online forum discussion. Community of Inquiry (CoI) is the most accepted model for online learning. The model as suggested by Garrison, Anderson and Archer (2000) stated that online learning occurs through the interaction of three domains: teaching presence, social presence and cognitive presence. Research findings indicate that there the mean score for all the three domains of CoI are relatively the same for both quantitative and qualitative subjects. Social Presence was the highest (mean score of 3.55 and 3.60 for BBPP 1103 and BBMP 1103, respectively) indicating learners are comfortable interacting with their peers via online forums. In response to the nation’s need for life-long learning culture as mooted in the Ninth Malaysia Plan, (2006-2010), Open University Malaysia (OUM) the first Open Distance Learning (ODL)...
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...communitie's opinions and feelings caused poor small business image and negative attitude in society towards enterprise, as shown in surveys from Mozell & Midgely in 1993, Goddard and Ferguson in 1997 and Hindle and Rushworth in 2000 (Peacock 2004b). Unfortunately, the rate of small business failure is similar to the rate of small business establishment is Australia so this is not a fact that would assist the positive societal attitude (Connolly, Norman & West 2012). Small business image is the general cultural and societal perception of small business which, the Karpin report observed negative in Australia in its report in 1995. The Karpin Inquiry suggests that the poor small business image is due to a negative enterprise attitude within society and rectification suggestions focus on increased small business knowledge and education in the primary, secondary, vocational and tertiary areas are to be implemented (Peacock 2004a). Enterprise refers to the use and implementation of an individual's characteristics. These characteristics of an entrepreneur would specifically be those of independence, leadership, problem solving and who are hard workers (Peacock 2004b). The surveys researched were:- Mozell and Midgley 1993 Mozell and Midgely (1993) showed that women...
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...Wage and Wage Earnings Research Process Introduction The general problem is that wage earnings and wages are categorized differently. In order to understand the specific problem one has to research various industries as well as look into what positions are being held, they have investigate the number of years experience, and kook at the current ages is of individuals who are working. With that said in order to provide research one has to understand what is meant by the research process. Today’s society understands the process of researching is asking question and searching for answers. This paper will provide research pertaining to wage earners and wages. First, define the purpose of the research and explain why researching wage earnings and wages are important. The next step is research hypothesis, meaning give three examples of possible outcomes. Knowing the purpose, understanding the question, and reviling the hypothesis will lead to defining the operational variables tested. Next is to establish the level of measurement and scale for each variable. The final objective is briefly discussing the remaining steps in the research process. Describe Purpose of the research and explain why the research problem is important Research is an organized, systematic, database, critical, objective, scientific inquiry, or investigation into a specific problem. In addition, in doing this, the business main purpose is to find answers or solutions. The research that is being preformed is...
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...Dependent and Independent Variables The two articles that I did my research on to identify methodologies and dependent and independent variables are Other mothering as a Framework for Understanding African American Students’ definition of Student-Centered Faculty and A Qualitative Study Exploring Mothers’ Perception of Child Neglect. Both articles use the ethnography participant observation and nonparticipant observation methodologies when summarizing these articles. The first article illustrates through observation and research that it indicates that faculty/student relationship affect student satisfaction with college. The dependent variable is the relationship students have with faculty and the independent variable is the satisfaction that African Americans are satisfied with the school which could affect participation in school ultimately determining what types of grades that are achieved. This qualitative definitively illustrates how social setting plays a part in the dependent and independent variables because the research article concludes” that black students attending predominately white institutions had less contact with faculty outside the classroom and were less academically integrated into campus life than were white students”. Nettles (1991). Additionally, Fleming (1984) her examining the experience of black students at PWIs and at Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Arnold (1993) “in a study investigating the college experience of high school valedictorians...
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...NRS-430V-0507 January 9, 2016 The Associate Degree in Nursing: This is a Nursing Degree that is completed in 2-3years. This course of study is usually completed at a community colleges or nursing school. Upon completion of an Associate Degree you may sit for NCLEX-RN for license. The Baccalaureate Degree in Nursing: This is a degree based in the science and principles of nursing. The BSN is usually completed in 4-5 years, and includes 2 years of general education and plus a more in-depth treatment of the physical and social sciences, nursing research, public and community health, nursing management, and the humanities. Graduates of this program are qualified to sit for the NCLEX-RN license. Both the ADN and BSN RN license is identical. Competencies of the Associate Degree Nursing Vs Baccalaureate Degree Nursing: The competency difference between the Associated degree nurse and the Baccalaureate Degree nurse can be divided into four areas. human nourishing, nursing judgement, professional identity and sprit of inquiry. While both degrees in nursing provide acceptable medical standards, studies have shown that the mortality rate has decreased in acute care hospitals were the proportion of baccalaureate RN’s was higher. The first competency, human flourishing is similar for both levels of nurses. The associate degreed nurse is an advocate for both families and patients. Promoting integrity, self-determination and growth. The baccalaureate nurse encompasses all of the ADN...
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...Aligning Curriculum with Assessment SED 542 December 9, 2009 North Carolina established a Standard Course of Study in 1898 as an attempt at determining competencies for each grade level and each high school course, with a rigorous set of academic standards that is uniform across the state. Based on a philosophy of teaching and learning that is consistent with current research, exemplary practices, and national standards, North Carolina educators seek to provide the most appropriate education possible for the diverse learners in the public schools of the state in order to prepare all students to become successful, contributing members of a 21st century society and global economy. The Standard Course of Study includes the curriculum that should be made available to every child in North Carolina's public schools. Many public schools in the state presently offer an even more comprehensive curriculum. Therefore, in some curriculum areas, electives were also included. The Standard Course of Study is part of the Department of Public Education's continual improvement efforts. The curriculum will be revised on a regular basis to remain consistent with the changing needs of our nation, state, and local communities. The North Carolina Standard Course of Study sets content standards for what students should know and be able to do. The North Carolina ABCs Accountability Plan establishes performance standards which specify the level of proficiency a student must reach in order...
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...Towards a typology for undertaking doctoral research in the built environment Ade Alao Abstract This paper considers issues associated with identifying a typology for doctoral research in the built environment. It argues that a definition of the built environment knowledge base in terms of its constituent subject disciplines is unhelpful for doctoral research as the generation of new knowledge in an interdiscipline requires integration across the various subject disciplines. A typology for research design is identified as being capable of guiding the doctoral researcher but will require further research to tested and verify it’s theoretical and empirical basis. Keywords: Typology, Doctoral Research, Built Environment, Interdisciplinarity 1. Introduction “The built environment disciplines is a term that has come to be used by many UK universities to refer to a range of practice-oriented subjects concerned with the design, development and management of buildings, spaces and places….. …..they are a very heterogeneous collection of fields of study and practice, including architecture, town planning, land and property management, building surveying, construction technology, landscape design, housing policy and management, transport planning and urban regeneration. In some institutions disciplines such as geography and environmental management are also included. As such, they comprise something of a microcosm of the university as a whole, comprising business-oriented...
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...Nursing Research Nursing is often incorrectly regarded as a subset of the medical profession; in reality, the profession of Nursing is a unique, distinct science with its own knowledge base and skillset. In accordance with the requirements of a scientific profession, there is a need for scholarly inquiry and nursing research in order to maintain autonomy and distinction of the Nursing perspective separate from other disciplines. An editorial published in the Journal of Nursing Scholarship noted that “the distinguishing feature of a profession is how its practitioners use knowledge to make a difference” (Hegyvary, 2007). The evidence generated by Nursing scholars influences global health initiatives and policy worldwide. The need for field wide scholarly inquiry, the application of rigorous scientific standards to research, and the importance of stringent ethical and legal protection for research subjects has been the subject of numerous articles, books, and papers. The Nursing Profession has a responsibility to engage in scholarly research for many reasons that will be discussed in depth within this paper. Importance of Nursing Research to the Nursing Profession As noted in the introduction, in order to maintain its status as a unique, autonomous profession, Nursing as a field must continually refine and expand its scientific knowledge base. The AACN position statement summarizes the importance of research to the profession by stating “The essence of a discipline is...
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...Developing undergraduate research and inquiry Mick Healey and Alan Jenkins June 2009 Developing undergraduate research and inquiry Contents Preface Executive summary 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Argument, origins and scope Nature of undergraduate research and inquiry Issues of inclusiveness Disciplinary practices and strategies Departmental and course team practices and strategies Institutional practices and strategies National policies and strategies The research evidence Conclusion: building connections 2 3 5 15 33 47 67 79 105 113 121 125 127 About the authors References List of case studies Engaging students in research and inquiry at the beginning of their academic studies Engaging students in research and inquiry later in their academic studies Undergraduate research and inquiry in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines Undergraduate research and inquiry in humanities, social sciences and interdisciplinary studies Undergraduate research and inquiry in departments and course teams Undergraduate research and inquiry in institutions 11 30 40 62 74 102 The Higher Education Academy – June 2009 1 Preface The Academy is very pleased to present this piece of work, commissioned as part of the series looking at the relationship between teaching and research1. Mick Healey and Alan Jenkins build on their already substantial contribution in this area by focusing on undergraduates’ engagement in research and inquiry, and the potential implications...
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...Developing undergraduate research and inquiry Mick Healey and Alan Jenkins June 2009 Developing undergraduate research and inquiry Contents Preface Executive summary 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Argument, origins and scope Nature of undergraduate research and inquiry Issues of inclusiveness Disciplinary practices and strategies Departmental and course team practices and strategies Institutional practices and strategies National policies and strategies The research evidence Conclusion: building connections 2 3 5 15 33 47 67 79 105 113 121 125 127 About the authors References List of case studies Engaging students in research and inquiry at the beginning of their academic studies Engaging students in research and inquiry later in their academic studies Undergraduate research and inquiry in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines Undergraduate research and inquiry in humanities, social sciences and interdisciplinary studies Undergraduate research and inquiry in departments and course teams Undergraduate research and inquiry in institutions 11 30 40 62 74 102 The Higher Education Academy – June 2009 1 Preface The Academy is very pleased to present this piece of work, commissioned as part of the series looking at the relationship between teaching and research1. Mick Healey and Alan Jenkins build on their already substantial contribution in this area by focusing on undergraduates’ engagement in research and inquiry, and the potential implications...
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...the teacher-student relationship is one of the most fundamental units in student’s learning. Learning in a system of group collaboration is one of the best ways in gaining knowledge. It is a teamwork which the framework relies on an individual learning from the others and others learning from that individual. When a student misses a day of school he/she must have lost the chance to hear others, interpret and analyzing the lessons or joins the interaction within the class. This lost is being rooted to two different courses and varying factors under these courses. The inquiry might be a family situation or an individual problem. Then, under these courses are the factors that contribute to a child’s regular truancy. These may be finance concerns, disability, psychotic imbalance, poor school climate, family health, transportation problems, drug and alcohol use, and differing community attitude towards education (Savers, D....
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...Nursing Theory Plan of Care Nur/513 May 16, 2011 Introduction Nursing theories describe and explain the phenomena of interest to nursing in a systematic way in order to provide understanding for use in nursing practice and research. Nursing theories provide a framework for nurses to systematize their nursing actions: what to ask, what to observe, what to focus on and what to think about. They provide a framework to develop new and validate current knowledge. Researchers use nursing theories to define commonalities of the variables in a stated field of inquiry, guide nursing research and actions, predict practice outcomes, and predict client response. Analysis of the Congruence and Theoretical Statements Henderson define nursing as helping people, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health and its recovery that they would perform unaided if they had the necessary strength, will or knowledge (Fitzpatrick & Whall, 2005). It is the function of nurses to help people become independent as rapidly as possible. She saw how nursing could focus on the patient and on developing a good nurse-patient relationship. She believed that the patient-focused nursing was the most beneficial kind of nursing. Henderson emphasized the use of nursing care plan. To develop effective care plan, collection of necessary information is important. She developed the 14 Basic Needs in her Theory (Fitzpatrick & Whall, 2005) as basis of individualized nursing...
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...1968, the work may be reproduced in whole or in part for study or training purposes, subject to the inclusion of an acknowledgment of the source. Reproduction for commercial use or sale requires prior written permission from the Attorney-General’s Department. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the Commonwealth Copyright Administration, Attorney-General’s Department, Robert Garran Offices, National Circuit, Canberra ACT 2600. This publication is available in hard copy or PDF format from the Productivity Commission website at www.pc.gov.au. If you require part or all of this publication in a different format, please contact Media and Publications (see below). Publications Inquiries: Media and Publications Productivity Commission Locked Bag 2 Collins Street East Melbourne VIC 8003 Tel: Fax: Email: (03) 9653 2244 (03) 9653 2303 maps@pc.gov.au General Inquiries: Tel: (03) 9653 2100 or (02) 6240 3200 An appropriate citation for this paper is: Productivity Commission 2009, Annual Report 2008-09, Annual Report Series, Productivity Commission, Canberra JEL code: D The Productivity Commission The Productivity Commission, is the Australian Government’s independent research and advisory body on a range of economic, social and environmental issues affecting the welfare of Australians. Its role, expressed most simply, is to help governments make better policies, in the long term interest of the Australian community. The Commission’s independence...
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...QUALITATIVE METHODS FOR SOCIAL HEALTH RESEARCH Name Tutor University Course Date Table of Contents Contents Page Nos. Table of Contents 2 Abstract 3 Literature Review 4 Background 4 The Theory of Planned Behavior 8 Methods and Participants 9 Study Design 9 Data Collection 10 Demographic Details 11 Data Analysis 11 Conclusion 13 Recommendation 14 References 15 Appendices 17 APPENDIX 1: Ethics Form 17 APPENDIX 2: Preliminary Data Analysis 17 Interview Questions 17 APPENDIX 3: Thematic Data Analysis 17 Interview Questions 17 Abstract This study attempted to qualitatively investigate Australian student’s perception of the impact of excessive consumption of fast food on their health, studying in Flinders University. The sample consisted of University students with a diversity of demographic details, including sex, age, and the level of education. The researcher, a 27-year old student, used a purposeful sampling strategy to select respondents for the study. Four participants were convenient in making the results of the study dependable. He used four qualitative interviews as a method of data collection. While carrying out the interviews, the researcher used both open and closed ended questions. In order to ascertain that all the data was recorded, notes taking and audio recordings were used at every stage of the interview...
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...for Global Development Food & Business Applied Research Fund (ARF) Second Call for Proposals 2014/2015 Valid for Round 3: 19 January - 12 May 2015 The Hague, - January 2015 Contents 1 5 Validity of the call for proposals 5 Aim and objectives 6 Foci 7 2.3 Target groups Guidelines for applicants 9 3.1 Who can apply 9 3.2 What can be applied for 10 3.3 When can applications be submitted 11 3.4 Preparing an application 11 3.5 Impact pathways, monitoring & evaluation 11 3.6 Knowledge sharing with the Food & Business Knowledge Platform 12 3.7 Submitting an application 12 3.8 General regulations and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) 4.1 Procedure 4.2 6 Available budget 1.3 2.2 5 3 2.1 4 Background 1.2 3 3 1.1 2 Introduction Criteria 15 4.3 Governance of the Programme 16 5.1 Contact 6.1 General instructions for applicants 19 6.2 Specific instructions for applicants 19 6.3 Multi-Annual Strategic Plans of the embassies 26 6.4 M&E matrix of the Applied Research Fund 27 Aim Assessment procedure Other information Annexes 6 8 13 14 14 18 18 19 Chapter 1: Introduction / Food & Business Applied Research Fund (ARF) 1 Introduction 1.1 Background The Food & Business Applied Research Fund (ARF) is a subsidy scheme of the Dutch Ministry...
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