...Defining the issue Aboriginal families all across Canada were affected by the residential school system. The two main objectives of residential schools were to remove and isolate indigenous children from their families and cultures and to assimilate them into the Western cultures. From the mid-1800s to the mid-1900s it was mandatory that Aboriginal children went to residential schools by the federal government, to try to make them more like “children in mainstream society” (Kevin, Beeds, and Filion 340). Aboriginal values were looked down upon. Schools were operated by a staff that consisted of nuns and priests. They focused on teaching children Christianity. This event was significant in Canadian history because it represented the loss of culture, language, and family connection due to long separations and the hardships faced at school. The experience at residential schools continue to affect generations of Aboriginals still to this day. History of the Issue Prior to the Canadian government’s involvement in the education of Aboriginal children, traditional education effectively sustained Aboriginal cultures for decades of years (340). Early in the 1600s French missionaries came to North America to convert Aboriginals to Christianity (340). They established mission schools in New France. By the 1800s the government focused on educating First Nations children in a way to indirectly assimilate them into Canadian society (340). In 1879, Prime Minister John A. Macdonald commissioned...
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...Reducing Efficiency through Communication in Competitive Coordination Games* Timothy N. Casona, Roman M. Sheremetab, and Jingjing Zhangc a Department of Economics, Krannert School of Management, Purdue University, 403 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN 47906-2056, U.S.A. b Argyros School of Business and Economics, Chapman University, One University Drive, Orange, CA 92866, U.S.A. c Department of Economics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M4, Canada July 30, 2009 Abstract Costless pre-play communication has been found to effectively facilitate coordination and enhance efficiency by increasing individual payoffs in games with Pareto-ranked equilibria. We report an experiment in which two groups compete in a weakest-link contest by expending costly efforts. Allowing group members to communicate before choosing efforts leads to more aggressive competition and greater coordination, but also results in substantially lower payoffs than a control treatment without communication. Our experiment thus provides evidence that communication can reduce efficiency in competitive coordination games. This contrasts sharply with experimental findings from public goods and other coordination games, where communication enhances efficiency and often leads to socially optimal outcomes. JEL Classifications: C71, C72, C91, C92, D72, H41 Keywords: contest, between-group competition, within-group competition, cooperation, coordination, free-riding, experiments Corresponding...
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...Live Project Yumee - Cadbury PDF generated using the open source mwlib toolkit. See http://code.pediapress.com/ for more information. PDF generated at: Fri, 14 Dec 2012 20:46:55 UTC Contents Articles Cadbury Cadbury Dairy Milk List of Cadbury products 1 15 18 References Article Sources and Contributors Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 32 33 Article Licenses License 34 Cadbury 1 Cadbury Cadbury Type Industry Founded Headquarters Products Revenue Subsidiary of Mondelēz International Confectionery Birmingham, United Kingdom (1824) Uxbridge, London, United Kingdom See list of Cadbury products £5,384 million (2008) Operating income £388 million (2008) Net income Employees Parent Website £364 million (2008) 71,657 (2008) [1] Kraft Foods (2010-2012) Mondelēz International (2012-present) Cadbury.co.uk [2] Cadbury is a British confectionery company owned by Mondelēz International Inc. and is the industry's second-largest globally after Mars, Incorporated.[3] With its headquarters in Uxbridge, London, England, the company operates in more than 50 countries worldwide. The company was known as Cadbury Schweppes plc from 1969–2008 until its demerger, in which its global confectionery business was separated from its US beverage unit (now called "Dr Pepper Snapple Group").[4] It was also a constant constituent of the FTSE 100 from the index's 1984 inception until its 2010 Kraft Foods takeover.[5][6] History 1824–1900: Early history In...
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