...there is a so-called war on cops. That is a matter of opinion throughout society that every time something happens to a cop society jumps to conclusion. With all of the changes coming to the government on ways to protect the officer’s crime rate will decrease. One big thing that contributes to this is the black lives matter movement sweeping the nation. With everything that happens to an African American from police officers people jump to conclusion and automatically blame everything on race. More crimes happen on cops than African Americans. Every time there is an event that happens on an officer the so-called war on cops increases. Over the years, the crime rate on police...
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...officers losing their lives in the line of duty because, of not knowing what to expect from emergency calls and even a non-emergency calls. They don’t know if the person whom they are about to confront is armed, on drugs, or plan to get revenge on a police officer because of personal issues in the past. H.R. 218 permits qualified police officers from carrying a concealed weapon with the exceptional of officers who’ve retired and have at least fifteen years of service experience (Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act 2004). 3. What is meant by suicide by cop, and what is the two-step investigative process that must take place to determine when it has occurred and to analyze the phenomenon? 4. What are some of the major findings of studies of the patrol function? (Emphasize in your answer the Kansas City Patrol Experiment.) 5. What is meant by discretionary use of police authority, and what are some of its advantages, disadvantages, and factors that enter into the office’s decision-making process? 6. Why is the traffic function important in patrol work, and how can it bring about bad citizen-police relation? 7. Why is the patrol vehicle so important in the lives and duties of patrol officers? 8. In what ways did the recent downturn in the economy affect normal, traditional patrol function, and was patrolling “on two wheels” implicated in these...
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...District Court Reporter Torrey W. Aiken Park University Abstract I interviewed Linda Duvall. She is a Court Reporter for Hardin County District Court in Elizabethtown, Kentucky. During our interview we discussed what her job entailed in the past, present, and what she expects in the future of the current court system. We also go in-depth on the types of sentences, and the most popular crimes that are tried at court in Hardin County. “You can't handle the truth!” Introduction I could have interviewed a judge or an attorney, but I wanted to see the perspective from someone that is often over-looked in the courtroom. My interview with Linda Duvall covered her job responsibilities, the present court system, and what she thinks the future brings. We also discussed the changes in the types of most common crimes over the years and the process for sentencing offenders. Job Description Linda has been a Court Reporter for 14 years at the Hardin County District Court in Elizabethtown, Kentucky. A Court Reporter is responsible for creating an accurate record of all that occurs during a trail, using computer-aided transcription software. Accurate records are very important in the court room, especially the verbal comments made in the courtroom, including testimonies, objections, judge’s rulings, and judge’s instructions to the jury. She also issues the fine tickets after the judge has determined the type of misdemeanor the individual committed...
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...from The Merry Wives of Windsor in which he says, “Why, then the world's mine oyster. Which I with sword will open.” Of course, in the previous Grand Theft Auto’s there was always stealing cars involved, but in the 3rd version of the game there is so much more. Grand Theft Auto III’s sandbox way of play set a prototype for other sandbox type games (GamesRadar Staff). The act of being able to sprint, jump, and climb seem simple concepts, but in reality they are a faster, more efficient, way to do things in a game (GamesRadar Staff). This game has help include sprinting in most of today’s on-foot type games. Without the ability to sprint, how could Call of Duty be a fast paced first-person shooter? How would you be able to get that unfair advantage over your opponent if you could not “Halo jump” or climb to high ground to ambush the enemy. It wouldn’t because you would be limited to walking speed on a map which was just a flat plane, which might be safer, but who cares about safety when you’re running around, hurdling barriers, shooting people, and blowing things up. From these examples one could see how this game helped other game developers in the development of their...
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...Predictive Policing CIS 500 Information System Decision Making January 16, 2013 In an effort to effectively compare and contrast the application of information technology (IT) to optimize police departments’ performance to reduce crime versus random patrols of the streets, we first need to examine what information technology is available to police and further more what information technology means. Information technology is “the collection of computing systems used by an organization” (Turban & Volonino, 2011). According to the Omega Group, who does analysis and mapping with patrol and fire response for successful implementation strategies, the definition of predictive policing as stated by NIJ (A National Discussion on Predictive Policing) is “any policing strategy or tactic that develops and uses information and advanced analysis to inform forward-thinking crime prevention” [ (Silva, 2012) ]. Technology is used in conjunction with predictive policing to implement different information and operations such as crowd control, police patrol, early detection of repeat offenders, traffic control and management, and even neighborhood watches. Today information technology (IT) is used to optimize the performance of police departments’ and reduce crime however in the past random patrols of the streets was the way that police reduced crimes. Before the 90’s New York City had a high crime rate but since the implementation of a data driven management model named COMPSTAT the...
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...Theft Cases in 2007 and 2008: Is There any Significant Change 1. Introduction Human society is faced with criminal activities of different kinds like theft, burglary, robbery, robbery, arson, rape, assault, murders etc. All these are unpleasant and something none of us will like, but unfortunately, we all have to live with it and learn to cope with it. To minimize and control these unpleasant occurrences there is police. Police has mandate to ensure a safe life for citizens by controlling and minimizing occurrence of criminal activities, which is evident from reduced criminal cases year after year. The data on criminal cases are logged and a suitable statistical analysis can be made to see if really there is any significant drop in criminal cases in subsequent years. Statistics is the branch of knowledge in which data pertaining to different variables are either collected or generated by suitable experimental design. However, the data is generally very huge in volume and the useful information and underlying trends are hidden in the noise. Therefore, data needs to be processed to extract suitable information and underlying trends. There are many statistical procedures, which helps in extracting suitable information and underlying trends from a large pool of data. One such procedure is “Descriptive Statistics”, which provides useful statistics pertaining to a variable like mean, median, mode, standard deviation, kurtosis, skewness etc. These...
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...for many years. It happens when police target a person for something due to their race, national origin, or ethnicity. Race is the main characteristic that authorities look into when engaging in this type of profiling. There are many young talented black males that are being killed, mistreated, and imprisoned just based on their race. Throughout time, the law enforcement has taken advantage of the racial profiling to discriminate, harass, and arrest many people of different races. Racial profiling is the targeting of individuals...
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...intelligence-based tactics, strategy, and policy. The predictive-policing era promises measurable results, including crime reduction; more efficient police agencies; and modern, innovative policing.”(©ACLU of Massachusetts) TOPIC 1 Compare and contrast the application of information technology (IT) to optimize police departments’ performance to reduce crime versus random patrols of the streets. The professional era of policing began in the 1960’s when the policing strategy was based largely on random patrol, rapid response and reactive investigation. Unfortunately, the emphasis on response times and an associated reliance on technology resulted in a model that included faceless cops chasing radio calls, which markedly increased detachment from the community. The community policing model came up in the 1990’s as a response to this and still exists today. Public safety depends heavily on what...
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...In this era of the new and social media, does it really matter who owns the `mainstream’ media? “It is by the goodness of God that in our country we have those three unspeakably precious things: freedom of speech, freedom of conscience, and the prudence never to practice either of them.” (Clemens, 1897) Foreword According to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights written up by the United Nations, its states that, “Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people” (UN, 1948). Articles 19 to 21 specifically target the freedom of thought, conscience and belief of human rights that a Democratic government must abide by and Egypt is no exception. Arab Spring Turmoil has been brewing in Egypt, causing great pain to its inhabitants, destroying homes and families and creating complete mayhem in the process. The first marked incident according to The Guardian is on the 1st of January 2011; a suicide bombing attempt took place outside a Coptic Church in Alexandria. By the 25th of January Egypt finally joined the Arab Spring alongside Tunisia, Yemen and Algeria. The ‘Arab Spring’ was an activist movement by several Middle-Eastern countries in an attempt at freedom from political and religious oppression and authoritarian...
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...to the case 3. demonstrative evidence – not part of the story, but lawyer wishes to show the jury something to demonstrate something about the case (e.g., experiment; picture of intersection) B. competing stories at trial – two ways stories can compete 1. factual differences 2. differences in inferences drawn from the same facts II. Policy Overview [values that the evidence rules protect] A. accuracy 1. rationality – does evidence have a rational relationship to the case? 2. reliability – is the evidence credible? B. efficiency – see FRE 403 C. fairness – rules should be party-neutral 1. but note: some rules exclude evidence to one party’s advantage (e.g., evidence that Δ fixed the steps after the accident excluded, b/c we want to encourage Δs to make steps safer) (e.g., Confrontation Clause, guarantees rt of accused in a criminal trial to confront witnesses brought against him) D. danger of misuse of information 1. one solution: limiting instructions 2. but sometimes we’re so skeptical of jury’s willingness/ability to follow limiting instructions, and the potential harm from the evidence is so grave as to outweigh the modest benefits, so we exclude the evidence E. protecting rt to jury trial 1. part of the 6th A rt to a jury trial is the rt to an effective jury – jury must be able to do more than just what the judge says; so judge must...
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...Chapter 2: How Airline Markets Work...Or Do They? Regulatory Reform in the Airline Industry Severin Borenstein and Nancy L. Rose October 2008 Severin Borenstein is E.T. Grether Professor of Business Administration and Public Policy at the Haas School of Business, U.C. Berkeley (www.haas.berkeley.edu), Director of the University of California Energy Institute (www.ucei.org), and a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research (www.nber.org). Address: Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1900. Email: borenste@haas.berkeley.edu. Nancy Rose is Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (econwww.mit.edu) and a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research. Address: MIT Department of Economics, E52-280b, 50 Memorial Drive, Cambridge MA 02142-1347. Email: nrose@mit.edu. Nancy Rose gratefully acknowledges fellowship support from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation and MIT. We thank Andrea Martens, Jen-Jen L’ao, Yao Lu and Michael Bryant for research assistance on this project. For helpful comments and discussions, we thank Jim Dana, Joe Farrell, Michael Levine, Steven Berry, participants in the NBER conference on regulatory reform, September 2005, and seminars at University of Toronto, Northwestern University, University of Michigan, UC Berkeley, and UC Davis. This paper is forthcoming as Chapter 2 of Economic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned?, N.L....
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...GENDER DISCRIMINATION OUTLINE I. Constitutional law A. Background: 100 years of discrimination > theme: law responding to gender discrepancies 1) Should men & women ever be treated differently under the law? a. Definition of equality: = choice/power/income i. Pay gap: women earn $0.74 for every $1.00 a man earns b. Linda Hershman article, Homeward Bound: Many educated & intelligent women decide to stay home with their babies > those decisions are connected to the fact that women are paid less than men, in general c. Evolution in law i. Common law (blackstone): women lost their identity after marriage (merged with husband) & considered inferior to men (acted under husband) - Result: Tenants in the entirety or joint accounts > assumed man put in all the $ (women has BOP to prove otherwise) ii. After 14th amendment > women began to feel that they should have rights as well B. 19th Century: 2 sphere ideology where women queen of home & men marketplace people > no = protection because genders seperaet 1) Privileges and Immunities Clause of the 14th amendment - a. Bradwell v. Illinois (1873) i. FACTS: Bradwell and her husband ran the most influential legal paper in the Midwest & she wanted a license to practice law...
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...GENDER DISCRIMINATION OUTLINE I. Constitutional law A. Background: 100 years of discrimination > theme: law responding to gender discrepancies 1) Should men & women ever be treated differently under the law? a. Definition of equality: = choice/power/income i. Pay gap: women earn $0.74 for every $1.00 a man earns b. Linda Hershman article, Homeward Bound: Many educated & intelligent women decide to stay home with their babies > those decisions are connected to the fact that women are paid less than men, in general c. Evolution in law i. Common law (blackstone): women lost their identity after marriage (merged with husband) & considered inferior to men (acted under husband) - Result: Tenants in the entirety or joint accounts > assumed man put in all the $ (women has BOP to prove otherwise) ii. After 14th amendment > women began to feel that they should have rights as well B. 19th Century: 2 sphere ideology where women queen of home & men marketplace people > no = protection because genders seperaet 1) Privileges and Immunities Clause of the 14th amendment - a. Bradwell v. Illinois (1873) i. FACTS: Bradwell and her husband ran the most influential legal paper in the Midwest & she wanted a license to practice law...
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...Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game Michael Lewis For Billy Fitzgerald I can still hear him shouting at me Lately in a wreck of a Californian ship, one of the passengers fastened a belt about him with two hundred pounds of gold in it, with which he was found afterwards at the bottom. Now, as he was sinking-had he the gold? or the gold him? —John Ruskin, Unto This Last Preface I wrote this book because I fell in love with a story. The story concerned a small group of undervalued professional baseball players and executives, many of whom had been rejected as unfit for the big leagues, who had turned themselves into one of the most successful franchises in Major League Baseball. But the idea for the book came well before I had good reason to write it—before I had a story to fall in love with. It began, really, with an innocent question: how did one of the poorest teams in baseball, the Oakland Athletics, win so many games? For more than a decade the people who run professional baseball have argued that the game was ceasing to be an athletic competition and becoming a financial one. The gap between rich and poor in baseball was far greater than in any other professional sport, and widening rapidly. At the opening of the 2002 season, the richest team, the New York Yankees, had a payroll of $126 million while the two poorest teams, the Oakland A's and the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, had payrolls of less than a third of that, about $40 million. A decade before, the highest payroll...
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...Running head: WHITE COLLAR CRIMES White Collar Crimes: How Does It Affect Businesses? Shari M. Lewis Strayer University (Online) Table of Contents ABSTRACT 3 INTRODUCTION 4 Introduction to the Problem 4 Background of the Study 4 Statement of the Problem 4 Purpose of the Research 5 Research Questions 5 Significance of the Research 5 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 19 ABSTRACT This paper investigates White Collar Crime (“WCC) in society and the affects it has on businesses in today’s society, the cost and statistics involved with white collar crime and the difference in how white collar crime and street crimes are dealt with. While white collar crime has existed for many decades, I have conducted research regarding the definition of white collar crime, the history of white collar crime, the different types of white collar crime that affect businesses directly and indirectly, goals of white collar crime, fraud statistics and the cost factors related to white collar crime. White collar crimes and business ethics play hand in hand with one another and often cross the line with one another into criminal behavior. White collar crimes have played a very instrumental part in our downward economy over the past five years, and the level of trust given by society to corporations and employers entrusted with their life earnings has changed dramatically. My research will include factors that contribute...
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