...Copper Cabling vs. Fiber Optic cabling The most commonly used copper cables are Cat5e and Cat6. Cat5e cabling is able to support applications requiring bandwidth up to 100MHz and is also offered in a shielded version to prevent interference. Cat6 cabling supports applications requiring bandwidth up to 250MHz and is also available in a shielded version. Also Cat6 cabling is designed to support 1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet) (Oliviero, 2010). However, as cost efficient as copper cabling is compared to fiber optics, the maximum horizontal distance is only 90meters (Oliviero, 2010). So if you have a large building or organization you will need to account for the cost of additional hardware like patch panels etc. Fiber optic cables have become very popular over the last ten years because they can be run for longer distances (up to 46.6 miles) and support a higher bandwidth than copper cabling. Fiber optic cabling uses digital light pulses instead of electrical voltage transitions (Oliviero, 2010). This makes it much faster than copper cabling because light is immune to interference, can be modulated to higher frequencies, and travels almost instantaneously to its destination (Oliviero, 2010). Another advantage to fiber optics over copper cabling is security. Copper cabling is susceptible to eavesdropping through taps. Fiber optics are immune to this because they are not electromagnetic. There are three main types of fiber optic cabling, outdoors, indoors, and universal. In addition...
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...Adam Wolfe 10/20/2012 NT1310 – Unit 4. Assignment 1 – Copper vs. Fiber The copper phone wire has very limited bandwidth. It was designed to provide 3,000Hz bandwidth, perfectly adequate for a voice signal. Fiber links offer over 1,000 times more bandwidth capacity and can be carried over 100 times the distance than copper can. The chart pictured here shows the specific advantages Fiber has over copper wiring in regards to bandwidth and distance. When it comes to LANs or premises cabling, a lot of controversy, a lot of "positioning" and a lot of misinformation are talked about by most people who speak on the topic of copper vs. fiber cabling. The wire most use for LANs is a lot younger than fiber optics. Fiber use is over 20 years old, but computer networks on unshielded-twisted-pair cable (UTP) have only been around about 15 years. In that time, UTP has gone through at least 5 generations, each time to keep up with the incrementing bandwidth requisites of LANs; the ever evolving technology of LAN wire is hardly the “telephone wire” that the majority think of it as. Below is a chart showing the LANs growth in capacity LAN | Bandwidth | Ethernet | 10 Mb/s | FDDI | 100 Mb/s | Fast Ethernet | 100 Mb/s | ATM | 55, 155 Mb/s | Gigabit Ethernet | 1,000 Mb/s (1 gigabit/s) | 10 Gigabit Ethernet | 10 Gb/s | But still, even with all the efforts that copper cabling manufactures have made to stay relevant in todays LAN structuring, installation is a problem...
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...00957058 Copper vs. Fiber There are two main forms of cable used in telecommunications, copper wire and fiber optic cable. Copper is a much more popular choice in most networking situations due to its inexpensive sticker price. Copper wire does pose certain issues that the more expensive and delicate counterpart does not. There is also a huge difference between the two cable types when it comes to performance and bandwidth. Copper wire is most commonly used in network construction and in cabling for home entertainment use. UTP (unshielded twisted pair) is a very commonly used cable used to connect network devices. It is very flexible and relatively inexpensive and thus is the most commonly used. Category 5,5e or 6e cables are used to connect client devices to a network and also are flexible and relatively inexpensive. Coaxial cables are a more rigid and durable cable that have a higher bandwidth than UTP or Cat 5, 5e or 6e cable. All of these cables use copper wiring which is flexible and cheap but will potential issues. Due to copper’s conductive properties it will cause grounding issues when wiring a building. Wiring outside with copper also causes potential hazards in regards to lightning strikes. There are opportunities when running cable for a network to use both types of cabling. When running cable in areas that are not subject to a lot of foot traffic, using fiber optic cable is best used due to the much larger bandwidth. Because of its fragility, fiber optic cable...
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...COPPER VS. FIBER PAPER Greater bandwidth,Low attenuation and greater distance, SecurityImmunity and reliability, Design, Migration, Standards, Cost | DISTANCE | BANDWIDTH | Copper | 2.5 km | 1.5 Mb/s | 24 | Fiber | 200 KM | 2.5+ Gb/s | 32,000 + | The copper phone wire has very limited bandwidth Fiber links offer over 1,000 times as much bandwidth over distances over 100 times further. Fiber is not that easy to install either. Pulling the cable is easy - in fact it can be pulled at 8 times the pulling tension of Cat 5 and the typical cables used include strength members and stiffeners that make it hard to kink and damage. Fiber, by the way, is a lot stronger than steel - remember they don't reinforce fiber glass boats, airplanes, or even tires now with steel - they use glass fiber or aramid fibers, the strength members used in fiber optic cable. Terminating fiber optic cable is not as simple as copper. While manufacturers have developed crimp-on connectors, they are expensive, high loss and have not been very reliable. Fiber optic connectors need adhesives for reliability and low cost. And most installation involves stripping fibers, injecting adhesives and polishing the ends. No IDC (insulation displacement connectors) here. Any good installer can learn how to terminate fiber in less than 2 hours. Fiber does not have infinite bandwidth either! At least not the multimode fiber used in most premises networks. It's a lot higher than copper, but as you...
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...Copper vs. Fiber Todd Gerger NT1310 Abstract In this paper we will be looking at the differences between Copper and Fiber optic cables. We will discuss the differences between the two and why many of the current networks in operation use fiber on the backbone between equipment and telecommunications rooms or enclosures. Copper vs. Fiber In the comparison between fiber and copper fiber, costs of the fiber cable has come down quite a bit. The cable itself has become easier to install as well since the invention of the flexible fiber which makes it easier to pull the cable through places. The flexible fiber has not become widely used vs. copper yet due to the need for the costs to come down for the connections, the NIC’s. the hub’s, routers and switches. Fiber Advantages The following advantages of fiber over other cabling systems are: (Oliviero 250) Immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), higher data rates, longer maximum distances, and better security. With copper cabling there is one common cabling problem they are susceptible to EMI. EMI is a stray electromagnetism that interferes with the signal. All electrical cables generate a magnetic field around their central axis. If you pass a metal conductor through a magnetic field an electrical field is generated in that conductor. When you place two cables next to one another EMI will cause cross-talk which is where signals from one cable is picked up on the other cable. Because fiber does not conduct electricity...
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...UNIT 4. Assignment 1. Copper vs Fiber As the name suggests, fibre optic technology uses pulses of light to carry data along strands of glass or plastic. It's the technology of choice for the government's National Broadband Network (NBN), which promises to deliver speeds of at least 100Mbps. When we're talking about 'speed' were actually talking about throughput (or capacity) — the amount of data you can transfer per unit time. And fiber optics can definitely transfer more data at higher throughput over longer distances than copper wire. For example, a local area network using modern copper lines can carry 3000 telephone calls all at once, while a similar system using fiber optics can carry over 31,000. So what gives it the technical edge over copper wires? Traditional copper wires transmit electrical currents, while fiber optic technology sends pulses of light generated by a light emitting diode or laser along optical fibers. In both cases you're detecting changes in energy, and that's how you encode data. With copper wires you're looking at changes in the electromagnetic field, the intensity of that field and perhaps the phase of the wave being sent down a wire. With fiber optics, a transmitter converts electronic information into pulses of light — a pulse equates to a one, while no pulse is zero. When the signal reaches the other end, an optical receiver converts the light signal back into electronic information, the throughput of the data is determined by the frequency range...
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...practice designing physical network solutions based on appropriate capacity planning and implementing various installations, testing and troubleshooting techniques for a computer network. MAJOR INSTRUCTIONAL AREAS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Telecommunications Cabling Specifications and Constraints Cabling Tools and Media Network Equipment for Wired and Wireless Networks Cable Testing Fiber Optics and Light Principles Fiber-Optic Cables, Splicing and Connectors Fiber-Optic Light Sources, Detectors and Receivers Fiber-Optic Considerations and Testing COURSE OBJECTIVES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Distinguish between bandwidth, frequency, and data rate in a data network Explain the importance of codes, standards, and specifications. Compare and contrast network topologies Describe the characteristics of different copper cables Explain the purpose of network tools Compare and contrast fiber-optic and copper transmission Differentiate between twisted-pair cable connectors, coaxial cable connectors, and fiber-optic cable connectors Construct a network based on specifications using repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, servers, and routers Demonstrate how to...
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...Home Page » Computers and Technology Copper vs Fiber In: Computers and Technology Copper vs Fiber Copper vs. Fiber Paper In putting in a network there are many aspects to consider such as the Topology or design, what type of hardware to be used, and types of cabling. Copper cables are the norm when it comes to building and network and widely used in our communications of today. Copper has been used in electric wiring since the invention of the electromagnet. Copper and its alloys are also used in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. The inherent strength, hardness, and flexibility of copper building wire make it very easy to work with. Its flexibility makes it easy to join, while its hardness helps keep connection securely in place. There`s also another type of cabling you can use and its Fiber optic cabling which is becoming more in use in communication. Unlike copper fiber uses optical fiber elements which are typically individually coated with plastic layers and is contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment. Optical fibers are inherently very strong, but is drastically reduced by unavoidable microscopic surface flaws inherent in the manufacturing process. The strength of fiber as well with its change in time, are to be considered relative to the stress impose in today environment. Its benefits out way those of copper, fiber is relative to the stress imposed during handling, cabling, and installation...
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...Unit 4 Assignment 1 Copper vs. Fiber Pape The two most common and widely used cabling types today for the means of communication all over the world are copper and fiber. They both do the same thing, transmit information from point A to point B but both have their strengths and weaknesses and therefore, a person installing cabling may be reluctant to choose one over the other. Copper cabling is less expensive to install. Copper wiring is flexible when installing so incase a technician has to bend it around a wall or at a certain angle to reach it to an end point, the cable can handle it. Also equipment to support copper wiring is relatively inexpensive to run. The weaknesses to copper wiring would be that it is susceptible to electromagnetic inference (EMI) from outside forces and also has a higher rate of corrosion over time by oxidation. Fiber optic cabling is a more expensive option for communications. Fiber optic cabling is immune to EMI and other noise interferences and therefore the chance of signal loss is greatly reduced. One drawback on this type of cabling is that just like its copper; fiber optic cabling is very durable and tough making it harder to work with when it comes to installing it. A technician will have to be very well trained in handling it to get the most out of it for the customer. But fiber optic cabling has a much higher bandwidth over copper so it can handle much more traffic as well as at higher speeds than copper wiring. In the real world, one...
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...Kudler Communications Leslie Laforest NTC/362 - Fundamentals of Networking February 25, 2013 Craig Urrizola Kudler Communications Kudler Fine Foods is a remarkable upscale food store that sells a variety of groceries to suit the customers every need from fresh vegetables, fine cheeses, and other specialty goods that other stores do not carry. Currently Kudler Fine Foods has three locations in which communicate using Wide Area Network called the T3 dedicated line, and all three locations will need an upgraded network to improve and ensure the best communication. Currently Kuddler Fine Foods uses a T3 dedicated line to connect all three stores, La Jolla Store and home office, Del Mar Store, and Encinitas Store, together. Dedicated network connection in essence is a dedicated line that works exactly like a leased line. It is always connected, and it always uses the same path for transmission. The network was built to also have Voice Over Internet Protocol and services. Currently within each store communication between point of sale terminals, printers, scanners, cash registers, phones, and the HP Blade Server is all Ethernet based. A 56k modem is also used in connecting the Ethernet Network to the Internet. The 56k modem is found to outdated and the speed in which Kudler Fine Foods needs it is not supplying. In using a dedicated line means, they are using circuits to connect. A dedicated circuit is digital line in which is composed of two parts:...
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...This paper is about Copper Cable versus Fiber Cable. Or Copper vs Fiber. Two completely different materials- One’s ancient, the other is almost as old. But in today’s modern environment, both are being used to carry signals through a system, namely computer networking or the larger system, the Internet. Just in a different manner. We’ll look at what Copper and Copper Cable is, what Fiber (glass) and Fiber Optic Cable is, how it’s used and the pros and cons between the two (2). Copper is one of the most important metals available. It’s a member of the Periodic Table of Elements, whose number is #29. It’s been used for thousands of years and has many uses. It’s second only to silver in electrical conductance. Today, Copper cable is a medium whose uses range from communications to the building industry to the electrical and electronics industry. Electrical wiring in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. Roughly half of all copper mined is used to manufacture electrical wire and cable conductors. Copper used in building wire has a conductivity rating of 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard) or better. Copper building wire requires less insulation and can be installed in smaller conduits than when lower conductivity conductors are used. Copper is also used to make communications wire (Telephone, Cable TV, and Ethernet) such as coaxial wire and Twisted Pair cables. Twisted pair cabling is...
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...what type of hardware to be used, and types of cabling. Copper cables are the norm when it comes to building and network and widely used in our communications of today. Copper has been used in electric wiring since the invention of the electromagnet. Copper and its alloys are also used in buildings is the most important market for the copper industry. The inherent strength, hardness, and flexibility of copper building wire make it very easy to work with. Its flexibility makes it easy to join, while its hardness helps keep connection securely in place. There`s also another type of cabling you can use and its Fiber optic cabling which is becoming more in use in communication. Unlike copper fiber uses optical fiber elements which are typically individually coated with plastic layers and is contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment. Optical fibers are inherently very strong, but is drastically reduced by unavoidable microscopic surface flaws inherent in the manufacturing process. The strength of fiber as well with its change in time, are to be considered relative to the stress impose in today environment. Its benefits out way those of copper, fiber is relative to the stress imposed during handling, cabling, and installation for the set environment. Its signal strength is stronger and faster than copper, and it is not compromised by EMI (electric magnetic interference). The cost of using copper vs. fiber can vary but the benefits out ways the...
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...Cable vs. Fiber optical wiring is becoming a discussion that drives industries and businesses. It is a very important to understand the differences between the two types of cables and their abilities. The capabilities of these types of wires, prices, availability, and future uses are important factors to take into consideration when designing a layout for a building. Some other important variables to consider are how many people are trained to install the cabling and how durable that cabling is and how it can withstand long term use. Copper cabling is the widely used standard of today. It has been used as a communications line since the first telegraphs. Over the years it has developed into thin multi lined cables that can send an abundant amount of data. Since it has been around so long it is widely understood and taught to professionals as well as your average Joe. Category 5e and 6 are both capable of sending signal speeds much faster than we are able to produce at bandwidths that we haven’t reached yet. So at least for the near future copper cabling can still sustain Moore’s law. This law states that technology will double in capacity and for half of the price every two years. While copper is inexpensive now it becomes more expensive with its wide use. Also its abundance will degrade over time as it is used commercially worldwide. Some more of the flaws that are involved with copper are EMI, unnoticeable tampering, and potential. Electromagnetic interference can cause signal...
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...Copper vs. Fiber Category 6 cable: Cat 6, is a standardized cable for Gigabit Ethernet and other network physical layers that is backward compatible with the Category 5/5e and Category 3 cable standards. Advantages • Speed and Performance • Similar Structure with Cat 5 Cable • Backward Compatible • Upgradable Disadvantages • Expensive • Does Not Guarantee Full Speed Fiber Optic Cable: This is a cable made up of super-thin filaments of glass or other transparent materials that can carry beams of light. Because a fiber-optic cable is light-based, data can be sent through it at the speed of light Advantages • High bandwidth • Long distance between terminals. Disadvantages • Fiber optic cable is more expensive to install than using metal wire. • Fiber optic cable is much more fragile than metal wire. • fiber optic cable is more difficult and more expensive to "split" because de-modulation from light back to electrical signals and then re-modulation back into light for each new branch is necessary using an electronic "splitter unit". A Real World Example Fiber-optic cables are used extensively in the business world in local area networks (LANs). These independent networks use large quantities of fiber-optic cable to connect up campuses, business complexes, closed-circuit security systems, interstate business divisions, and workplace PCs from cubicle to cubicle. Data-intensive businesses want ever-faster networks to improve employee productivity. Resources ...
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...... .. 4 Historical Milestones........ …... …... …...... ….... …......... …....... …....... 4 Optical Networking why......... ….......... …..................... …................ …. 5 Principles and Operation............... …................. …........ ….............. …... 5-8 Single Mode Fiber............ …........................ ….................. …...... 6 Multimode Fiber................. ….................. ….............. …........ … 6-7 Optical Networking Tools.............. …............... …............. …............ ….. 8-10 Fiber Optic Splicers................. …............. ….... …........... …........ 8-9 Fiber Optic connectors.................. …............... …................. ….... 9 Fiber optic couplers........... …................. …............. …............ …. 9 Fiber Optic Transmitters................ ….................. …............ …...... 9 Fiber Optic Receivers............ ….................. …............ …..... ….... 10 Types Of Optical Networks.............. …........................... …............. …..... Optical Network Architecture............... …............... …............ ….......... ... Optical Networking vs Other Technologies................. …............ …......... Optical Networking Advantages........ …................ …................. ….. …. Optical Networking disadvantages....... …........... …......... …............ ….. Business Implications and Applications..........
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