...(H)Seven billion. This is not referring to the number of people in the world or how far some galaxy cluster is away from Earth. It is the amount of money spent during the 2012 Presidential Campaign. Politicians consistently use unprecedented amounts of money during campaigns to ensure victory. According to the Gale Encyclopedia of American Law, “Election campaigns for public office are expensive. Candidates need funding for support staff, advertising, traveling, and public appearances. Unless they are independently wealthy, most must finance their campaigns with contributions from individuals and from businesses and other organizations.” The issue that arises is the matter of how this money is collected. Incumbent politicians have the biggest advantage in regards to campaign financing because of the connections they have already made. Super PAC’s, interest groups, corporations, and private individuals are the biggest contributors in campaign donations. Some people see these contributions and unlimited funds as unconstitutional and call for major reform in campaign finance laws. Campaign Financing Private campaign donors can provide unlimited amounts of funding; therefore, politicians often use these private donors in order to finance their massive campaigns. The most recent attempt at reform in the 2010 Supreme Court case of Citizen’s United vs. FEC instead served to worsen the problem. In “Non Profit Groups and Partisan Politics,” Christina Lyons explains how, (Q) “that ruling...
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...The Effect of Campaign Finnacne on Democracy Daniel Sykes Student ID 250719824 Every election cycle, huge sums of money are spent in the promotion for campaigns to elect or re-elect candidates for public office. These contributions play a vital role in the success of election campaigns. Sources of campaign donations range from big businesses and trade unions to PACs (political action committees) such as the NRA. These groups donate to candidates in the assumption and hopes that the candidate will pursue a discourse and perhaps implement legislation that benefits the donating group. When we refer to “campaign finance”, we are of course referring to funds that are used to promote and advertise, hire advisers, pay for travel expenses, administration fees and other costs associated with running a campaign. The Presidential Election of 2008 generated one billion US dollars in campaign contributions and finance1, with this figure on the rise, many have spoken out against the propensity of election victories to be seemingly “bought” by the party who generated the most funds2. In this essay I will be discussing whether or not big money in campaign finance is a threat to democracy. It is important to consider the history of campaign finance reform and how it evolved over time, for this gives us a better perspective when reviewing our modern situation to see if democracy has lost its way. Before the 19th century, the majority...
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...the Corporate and Securities Litigation Group First Amended Version enacted April 13, 2010 by assent of the General Board of the Corporate and Securities Litigation Group. |VA TÇwÜxã eÉç |WtÑ{Çx WâÑÄxáá|á |mtv{tÜç e|utv~ |UÜ|ààtÇ| etâÄxÜáÉÇ | |President |Vice-President |Treasurer |Secretary | |^tà{ÜçÇ `tàtÜxáx |]Éçvx UA eÉwÜ|zâxé |V{Ü|áàÉÑ{xÜ `tÜÉààt | |Intermural Chair |Intramural Chair, |Journal Co-Chair | | |Journal Co-Chair | | University of Florida Fredric G. Levin College of Law ARTICLE I Name of Organization The name of this organization is the “Corporate and Securities Litigation Group” and is also referred to as “CSLG.” ARTICLE II Purpose of CSLG The primary purpose of this organization is to assemble together, educate and involve University of Florida Law students in one of the most lucrative and intricate areas of law, corporate and securities...
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...Every election year, our televisions, telephones, newspapers and streets are bombarded with political campaigning. One only has to turn on the television to view a collection of political commercials involving one candidate bashing the other. Campaigning has always been, and will continue to be a very expensive and laborious process. While I do agree with the concept of campaigning, I strongly disagree with the use of millions of dollars for campaigning that could have been used to better our society. Running a winning campaign in today’s society is accomplished by sufficient funding, maintaining positive public perception and retaining a system of committed organizers. Obtaining sufficient funding during a political campaign is vital to its success. The process starts for each candidate after the end of the previous election. Funding can come from many sources. These include, but are not limited to fundraising, corporate sponsors, interest groups, political action committees (PACs), and Super PACs (Sabato 304). The amount of money acquired from each of these sources varies from hundreds of dollars to millions (“The Power of Money”). PACs have limited fundraising power, but can give money directly to political campaigns. Super PACs have fewer...
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...LUCKNOW: The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (Assocham) has prepared a 15-point economic agenda for political parties to include in their poll manifesto for 2012 assembly elections. National secretary general, Assocham, D S Rawat said, "Food processing, automobiles, textiles, leather, cement, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, information technology, real estate and tourism are significant areas which can transform the state economy." He said that Assocham representatives would be meeting leaders of all political parties soon and request to include economic issues in their manifesto for achieving double digit growth during the next decade in UP. The report prepared by Assocham states that the promotion of public-private partnership in agriculture, industry and service sectors is of prime importance to create new jobs and promote economic activity in the state. Besides, cluster development approach can help spur employment in micro, small and medium enterprises. The report also states that embroidery, rice mills, powerloom, leather, glass, carpet, Banarsi sari, screen printing, food processing, readymade garments, jute, yarn/rope and zari can be developed on the cluster development model. Summary Over the past several years, party financing scandals have shaken countries in every region of the world. This has led to increased contempt for and public disillusionment with parties and politicians, and undermined the public confidence in the political process....
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...Table of contents Introduction to Corporate Personhood…………………………………………………………………………………..1 Overview of Citizens United v. Federal Election Committee decision………………………………………2 Background of the parties who filed the suit and reasons for doing so……………………………………4 Arguments in favor of the decision………………………………………………………………………………………….5 Arguments against the decision……………………………………………………………………………………………..X Current events related to the decision…………………………………………………………………………………….X Future outlook on the decision…………………………………………………………………………………………………X Works Cited……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Imagine a world without corporation, without structure, and without the complexity of the working world today. Some may even think of these corporations and businesses as individuals with the same rights that you and I have as human beings. Those with this frame of mind would not be too far from the truth. Our economic structure and business establishment has grown in such a way over past centuries that we depend on these conglomerates as a foundation of economic stability. In turn, they seek from us the same rights as businesses that we as individuals are granted as citizens of this great country. In the following pages, we will explore this concept further in understanding what Corporate Personhood is and discovering the case of Citizens United v. Federal Election Committee, including the parties involved, reasons for the case, arguments for and...
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...be happy by this. Lobbying is not favorable to most people because they don’t seek out the best interest of all. Lobbyists tend to represent special interests more often than the interest of the average American. Lobbying being abolished would save a lot of money and would free up funds in corporate America. This would also force businesses to spend this money on advertising and media relations in order to get or persuade people to vote for the candidate they feel would most benefit them. Although some see lobbying as a bad thing, it could help out if all people were represented and not just the ones with the most cash. Chapter 8 1. What If . . . Parties Were Supported Solely by Public Funding? (Page 250) It would be hard to determine what level of funding would be appropriate because both major parties spend millions on campaigning and other activities to support the election. If the amount of funding was reduced then the campaigning might not be as effective. This would also help make the nonparty groups be more important. One of the main problems with this method is that the public funding will be provided by the taxpayers’ dollars. This could also make public funding available to all political parties and not just the major two. This could result in dozens of political parties which would make them more important as mentioned earlier. Chapter 18 1. What if ... Former Texas Lawmakers were banned from lobbying? (Page 592) I believe this would be...
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...changing. That said, we feel 2012 is unlikely to end with all the current members still being part of the Eurozone. Mapping a ‘break-up’ scenario should help readers understand how fragmentation could occur and therefore assist businesses’ contingency planning. To this end the paper highlights some key events and when they are due to take place. It also identifies some key indicators to monitor which are likely to dictate how the crisis will unfold. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A plausible scenario for Eurozone fragmentation in 2012 would see elections in Greece, France, Finland and probably Italy changing the terms of the debate to reflect frustration with economies in recession, rising unemployment and hostility to proposed or actual austerity measures. In this scenario, Greece receives an irregular rescue from the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) and negotiates a rescheduling of its debt in March. But once its April elections are over, the new Greek government is unable to secure bailout funds having missed austerity and reform targets, prompting a formal sovereign default. Greece announces its withdrawal from the Eurozone, closing its banking sector for a period, freezing euro denominated accounts and redenominating them as newly created drachmas. The French and German governments nationalise their weakest banks most exposed to sovereign nonpayment by Greece. This increases their own national debts and prompts a second round of downgrades to the ratings of...
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...ACORN Fraud Case Anish Tamrakar Regis University MBAA-619 March 02, 2013 Dr. Steve Green Association of Community Organization for Reform Now In the twenty-first century there are around more than 1.5 million non-for-profit organizations in the United States. We cannot even imagine how many there are in this entire world, but their main purpose is to serve the public by using their revenues profits rather than distributing it to their owners or investors. The nonprofit sector is a collection of entities that are organizations; private as opposed to governmental; non-profit distributing; self-governing; voluntary; and of public benefit(Salamon, 1999). There are still many good people in this world who come together when some disastrous event occurs or they want to do something good for the needy. However, some people take advantage of such events for their own betterment. This paper will discuss one of the biggest fraud and charity scams that occurred in this world by the Association of Community Organization for Reform Now (ACORN) one of the biggest not-for-profit organization. In addition, this paper will also include some the different fraud measures for the organizations this from happening in the near future. Background The Association of Community Organization for Reform Now (ACORN) was established in 1970 by Wade Rathke when he was sent to Little Rock, Arkansas as a member of National Welfare Rights Organization. The main objective of ACORN is to improve housing...
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...Political Communication 219708 Assignment One Obama Uses Popular Culture and Traditional Theory to Win the American Election Today‟s politician faces an array of challenges in interacting with media outlets and creating publicity. Such as the advent of the Internet, the relentless 24 hour news broadcast, the lack of party loyalty by members of the public and the merging of political ideology between left and right wing politics. In this essay I will show why Barack Obama‟s appearance on World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) in the build up to the 2008 election and subsequent electioneering on the „Smackdown Your Vote‟ website (owned by the WWE), and his status updates on Facebook, were a text book model of political campaigning for the modern day celebrity politician catering for popular culture. Campaigning in this manner also removed some of the risks associated in dealing with generic media outlets and reached a national (and international) audience. Although a critic could dispute that this truly represents the “re-feudalism” or the Americanization (Habermus, S. 1990 as cited in McNair 2004) of politics perfectly, I will argue that this is not necessarily a bad thing. Obama gained a significant amount of voters between the ages of eighteen and twenty five which ultimately lead to his election success. Finally, I will briefly look at another type of celebrity politician, the celebrity who is not running for office or an elected representative, but a celebrity with a...
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...Tesla Motors Corporate Governance History of Corporate Governance at the Firm: Tesla Motors is an American manufacture company that focuses on electric vehicles and advanced electric vehicle powertrain components. In July 1, 2003, Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning incorporated Tesla Motors. Both of them played active roles in the company’s early development. Eberhard, Tarpenning along with Tesla’s current CEO Elon Musk composed initial three-person board of the company. As a relative new and fast growing company, Tesla Motors has changed its Board of Directors almost every year from 2004 to 2009. In these 5 five years, the company raised over $200 million by six funding events (see exhibit 1). For each time the company raised capital, Tesla Motors chose a lead investor to be the member of Board of Directors. For example, in 2004, Elon Musk invested $6.3 million out of $7.5 million during Tesla’s first funding event Series A. Therefore, he obtained chairmanship of the board in that year. Then through the following funding events Series B, C and D and E, several investors have become the members of board as well. In 2009, in order to meet the requirements of IPO, Tesla added its first fully independent director Brad Buss. The company also established formal board committees for audit, compensation and nominating and governance as preparation for the impending IPO. In June 2010, Tesla Motors finally went public in an initial public offering at 226.1 million. The IPO...
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...-GS/PGD/APF/68 - GS/PGD/APF/71 P age |3 Acknowledgements We would like to express the deepest appreciation to our lecturer Mr. S.N.B.M.W.Narayana, who has directed us in writing this assignment. P age |4 Executive Summary The purpose of this study is to analyse the performance of two private sector leading commercial banks namely Commercial Bank of Ceylon PLC and Hatton National Bank Limited. The main reasons for the selections were the highest assets base and growth performance compared with other banks in the industry. Our analysis of these two banks is based on the comparison of main components including, corporate governance, risk management, and financial analysis. Chapter one introduces the contextual outlook of the two Banks. This includes vision mission, objectives and the competitive position of the two banks. Chapter Two reviews the Corporate Governance of the Banks. We have analysed the compliance of code of best practice by the two banks. Chapter Three explains the performance analysis of the Banks in terms of their profitability, capital adequacy, asset quality, Management capability and liquidity. Chapter Four analyses banking risks and risk management policies and principals. Initially identifies the main risk categories including credit, liquidity and market of two banks. Secondly...
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...FAMILY, LIFE AND FIRST LADY OF ARKANSAS............................9 II.1 FROM THE EAST COAST TO ARKANSAS..................................................................9 II.2 EARLY ARKANSAS YEARS........................................................................................10 II.3 LATER ARKANSES YEARS.........................................................................................11 CHAPTER III: FIRST LADY OF THE UNITED STATES............................................13 III.1 ROLE AS A FIRST LADY............................................................................................13 III.2 HEALTH CARE AND OTHER POLICY INITIATIVES.............................................14 CHAPTER IV: SENATE ELECTION OF 2000................................................................17 CHAPTER V: UNITED STATES SENATOR...................................................................18 V.1 FIRST TERM...................................................................................................................18 V.2...
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...understanding of the project concepts, responsibilities and limitations, weekly meeting could be established by telephone to track the progress of the plant and the budget, and to discuss any problems encountered or anticipated during the next week. At critical times and when Clarks feels it necessary either Downs or Pokorski would need to be onsite to assist with technical aspect of the project. Potential communication conflicts: As far as conflicts go I think that there are going to be many from all sides. To my understanding Clark is a sales and marketing person. She would have not been my first choice to lead this project as the technical aspects of construction and assemble of an operational plastics plant are well outside her knowledge and experience set. There may be unknown factors in play as to why she was picked but as that information was not revealed to us, I will just have to point out the obvious problems that I foresee in the near future. From the technical engineer (Downs) I see two major area of concern. First he was beat out for funding and his prototype had been handed over to Clark, this could work to our advantage if he can find the funding within the existing project to incorporate his prototype in the Huntsville plant. If the funding is not available to do this I am sure he will provide all the support that is asked for in collaboration of this project, but the underlying human emotion of resent will create obstructions albeit unintentional in his ability...
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...Code of Procedure of the Commerce Undergraduate Society of UBC Vancouver “… to enhance the value of the Sauder School of Business Bachelor of Commerce degree while cultivating the personal, professional and academic success of students.” 1. Article 1: Introduction and Scope 6 Section 1.01: Definitions 6 Section 1.02: Jurisdiction 7 Section 1.03: Amendment 7 Section 1.04: Suspension 7 Section 1.05: Summaries 7 Section 1.06: Guidelines 7 2. Article 2: Board of Directors and Executive Council Procedures Policy 7 Section 2.01: Powers of the Chairpersons of the Board of Directors and Executive Council 7 Section 2.02: Authority to Overrule the Chairperson 8 Section 2.03: Appointment of the Board of Directors Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson 8 Section 2.04: Appointment of the Executive Council Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson 8 Section 2.05: Quorum 8 Section 2.06: Meeting Agendas 9 Section 2.07: Speaking Privileges and Agenda Structure 9 Section 2.08: Voting and Records of Votes 13 Section 2.09: Meeting Locations 14 Section 2.10: Public Attendance of Meetings 14 Section 2.11: Participation in Meetings through Electronic Means 14 Section 2.12: Appointment of Proxies 14 Section 2.13: Secretary of the Board of Directors and Executive Council 15 3. Article 3: Board of Directors Committee Policy 16 Section 3.01: Purpose and Nature of Board of Directors Committees 16 Section 3.02: Committee Terms 16 Section 3.03: Inclusion of the General Membership of the...
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