...LS312 Unit Eight Cost Justified Minicase Tapestry Dalrymple February 5, 2013 The stakeholders in the Cost Justified Minicase are Joe the District Manager of Computer Operations, Mary, Joe’s supervisor, the CEO, the employees, the shareholder, and the company. The interests of the stakeholders are avoiding scandals, following legislation by knowing the security laws, understanding public interests, and displaying accountability. Every stakeholder has the rights and responsibility to promote honesty and integrity from management. This case applies to the Securities Acts and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Joe and Mary participated in illegal and unethical actions. Both knew there was a performance problem but reported a misrepresentation of the recently installed system that was actually not achieving the expected results. Mary requested a report to be written by Joe that the system was performing as projected even though it was not and send a copy to the CEO. It was also a request for Joe to send in a report that the savings portrayed in the original justification documents are being achieved. Joe worked hard to achieve his goals in the company and was worried about Mary’s request and the statement she made to him about having doubts about his ability to perform as a District Manager for the company because of his reluctance to her request. This misrepresentations affect the company financially and the shareholders...
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...correctness may not be clear-cut. It is important that a shared vision of acceptable behavior develop from an organizational perspective to create consistent and reliable relationships with all concerned stakeholders. Understanding the ethical decision-making process can help individuals and businesses design strategies to prevent misconduct. Three of the important components of ethical decision making are individual factors, organizational relationships, and opportunity. Significant individual factors that affect the ethical decision-making process include personal moral philosophy, stage of moral development, motivation, and other personal factors such as gender, age, and experience. Moral philosophies are the principles or rules that individuals apply in deciding what is right or wrong. Most moral philosophies can be classified as consequentialism, ethical formalism, or justice. Consequentialist philosophies consider a decision to be right or acceptable if it...
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...project, less investment needed and government aid in tax. And the stakes for Merck as a company would be the corporate ethic it has pursued and Merck’s need to develop another new successful prescription. Q2. How does Merck pick from among the many ways to “do good” and many drugs to invest in? Merck took 12 years and $200 million to bring a new drug to market on the average. And thousands of scientists worked on new ideas and following new leads. It uses various methods to choose the project through extensive review and analysis on the basis of the likelihood of success, the existing market, competition, potential safety problems, manufacturing feasibility and patent. Q3. How much of its research budget should Merck invest in drugs that will likely produce a substandard return on its investment? The research budget should be considered in research/development expenses, expected income with the tax benefit from the government, and mostly the effect and impact based on the corporate ethics and morale. Q4. What should Merck tell a shareholder who might complain about a decision to invest in research on river blindness? The overall corporate philosophy of Merck is based on the idea that medicine is for the people and never for the profits as the profits follow. And the profits would get larger as the company remembers the idea better. With the corporate philosophy, Merck should tell the fact that the amount of the investment would be less than the usual for that ivermectin...
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...correctness may not be clear-cut. It is important that a shared vision of acceptable behavior develop from an organizational perspective to create consistent and reliable relationships with all concerned stakeholders. Understanding the ethical decision-making process can help individuals and businesses design strategies to prevent misconduct. Three of the important components of ethical decision making are individual factors, organizational relationships, and opportunity. Significant individual factors that affect the ethical decision-making process include personal moral philosophy, stage of moral development, motivation, and other personal factors such as gender, age, and experience. Moral philosophies are the principles or rules that individuals apply in deciding what is right or wrong. Most moral philosophies can be classified as consequentialism, ethical formalism, or justice. Consequentialist philosophies consider a decision to be right or acceptable if it...
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...Conscious capitalism is a new philosophy. This philosophy believes that business can improve the corporate performance and the quality of the people’s life (Conscious Business Community, Australia, n.d.). The basic elements of the conscious capitalism include trust, compassion, collaboration and value creation. Hence, if the people who are directly or indirectly involved in the business practice this concept, it enriches their life (Conscious Business Community, Australia, n.d.). The belief of the conscious business is, the right actions taken for the right reasons will bring good (Mackey, Sisodia & George, 2013). Ethics is the moral values that set the standards of behavior. This decides the right and wrong, of a person...
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...discovered the issues while auditing GM cars at rail yards across the country, a spot check of vehicles before the cars were cleared to be delivered to the dealers. McAleer was taken off the audit as a result, who subsequently sued the company seeking whistle-blower protection. The case was eventually dismissed by a judge in favor of GM. The judgement only increased Kelley’s concerns and he continued the efforts McAleer had started. He first approached his direct supervisor, George Kingston, about his growing concerns. But it did not seem to have any effect on Kingston since he was not provoked to take any actions. Kelley’s experiences at GM raised serious questions about corporate culture, whistle-blowing, and social responsibility. Kelley faced the ethical dilemma of striking a balance between corporate and social responsibility. On one side he wanted to remain loyal to his employer by not harming the company but to save it, and because he thought it was the right thing to do. Kelley’s insistence, that he was proud to be at GM while taking an offense at his neighbor who inadvertently slighted the automaker, is indicative of his loyalty to his long time employer. On the other side Kelley also felt the social responsibility and wrestled with taking his concerns public. Based on his previous experiences he was fully aware that he could quite easily lose his job. Since Kelley felt strongly enough that people could die from the safety issues he decided to sue the company on Jan...
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...either; their damages may range from a few hurt feelings, to billions of dollars. In a fast paced and fluctuating economy, employee behavior is an integral part of effective businesses. Now, more than ever, employee behavior has changed from other years. According to Archie Carroll and Ann Buchholtz, some of the most important ethical issues involving employees are the entitlement mentality and victimization philosophy (Carrol & Buchholtz, 2012). From large corporations to smaller, independent firms, some of the major problems stem from employee behavior. It has become apparent that the increased use of the television, cell phones, and social media, has created a society that has focused on the criticism of business practices and ethics. This, in turn, has brought many positive changes, such as establishing stricter laws prohibiting discrimination in the workplace against employees on the basis of race, religion, and gender, among other positive aspects. On the other hand, there are growing numbers of individuals that believe themselves to be victims of corporate practices and often engage in fraudulent behavior and seek legal actions against corporations for false motives. Some claims are just downright outrageous, for example, some individuals that do not receive a full-15 min. break or are forced to carry a box that is 3 lbs. and it is not put in the description of duties is sometimes enough to file lawsuits against businesses in an effort to be compensated with large...
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...the following short-answer questions fully and in your own words (it is acceptable to quote short definitions directly from the text). Please submit your typed answers either in class or online in blackboard (as an attachment submitted under the assignment — worth between 4-7 points each). a. Discuss and describe 3 of the factors described in chapter S in ethical decision making. In your answers describe the factor and discuss its role in ethical decision making (7 points). n b. Discuss the role of leadership in corporate culture and ethical decision making (4 points). c. Discuss and describe 3 habits of strong ethical leaders (7 points). d. Choose either Egoism or Utilitarianism to discuss and describe. In your answer you should discuss how the theory you chose is a Teleological theory and describe what it looks like to apply the theory you chose in business (7 points). e. Discuss and Describe Kant's Deontological moral philosophy. In your answer you should discuss and describe at least one version of the categorical imperative and define deontology (7 points). f. Discuss and Describe Relativism and what it may mean to apply this theory in business (5 points). g. Discuss and Describe Virtue Ethics and describe what virtue ethics means in business (6 points). h. Discuss and Describe the Kohlberg's model of moral development. In your answer you should briefly describe the distinct stages of moral development (7...
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...An ethical Perspective can be seen as a Moral standpoint in which we choose to view/consider something. The lack of both external and internal regulations as well as a management philosophy that encourages cost cutting and risk-taking ultimately caused the Deepwater Horizon explosion and subsequent gas leak. While talking about ethics, it can be argued that, “The individualistic business theory states that the only obligation for a company is to make a profit.” This means that a company can do whatever it takes to make a profit, as long as they stay within the legal boundaries. In this case, BP did not do anything unethical because the accident was a result of mechanical failure. If the employees knew of this and did not do anything to fix it, it would be considered unethical behavior. But since they had no knowledge of what was happening, they did not do anything unethical. Duty...
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...The Thief of Time The Thief of Time Philosophical Essays on Procrastination Edited by Chrisoula Andreou Mark D. White 2010 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2010 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The thief of time: philosophical essays on procrastination / edited by Chrisoula Andreou and Mark D. White. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-537668-5 (hardback: alk. paper) 1. Procrastination. I. Andreou, Chrisoula. II. White, Mark D., 1971– BF637.P76T45 2010 128'.4—dc22 2009021750 987654321 Printed in the United States of...
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...argument of Pascal's wager (Pensees pg. 151-153). Why would a person not chose to accept and follow God when there is everything to gain and nothing to lose? All one must do according to the Christian bible (NIV) is, "believe in the Lord Jesus, and be saved..." (Acts 16:31). Western religion emphasizes the importance of choosing to believe in and embrace God, but there may be an underlying and critical flaw in this collective religious conviction; does one actually choose to believe something, or is it merely an involuntary outlook based on what we perceive to be true from life experience? Belief can also be examined in everyday life. It is all around and is used for every decision and in every thought. Borchert's Encyclopedia of Philosophy exemplifies the ulterior complexities of belief that many people are not conscious of; belief is "...a species of propositional attitude distinguished by having the mind-to-world direction of fit" (Borchert). A propositional attitude is simply a psychological mode paired with psychological content. In the case of belief, belief itself would be the psychological mode, and what one believes would be the content. The "mind-to-world direction of fit" refers to belief's "...aim to represent how the world is independently"(Borchert). With a verbal definition of belief, it is also necessary to understand the components. To believe something, there is a multitude of connections between numerous pieces of information and facts. "...Understanding...
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...Chapter 3 ethical dilemma Jackie did not know the relationship she was having with Curtis was considered illegal at her record company until after it was too late. I feel as though someone within the company should have told her that beforehand. However, her personal relationship rises more than a few ethical issues presented in this chapter. To begin, her lack of integrity, Integrity is defined as being whole, sound, and in an unimpaired condition. Had Jackie used integrity before continuing her relationship with Curtis, she would not be the sexual harassment and bullying that is undeserved to her. Once Jackie found out that Curtis had been carrying on with Leslie, a woman who worked in the legal department, and decided to break their relationship off she now had to deal with the abusive behavior that Curtis purposely put on her. If Jackie had acted earlier on before the situation got ugly I believe she definitely could have lifted a huge weight off her shoulders. She could always leave but since Curtis literally holds her singing career in his hands, her career is done before it even started. Personally, I think she should bring in lawyers and have them deal with Curtis because the legal department is obviously not backing her up in the situation either. If she does take legal action and wins, Jackie can easily move on with her life and her career. However, if she loses in this legal action, working at SDR would literally be a living nightmare and she will stifled for years...
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...In the article “Don’t Leave Your Hand in the Cookie Jar,” the author states that John Davies and Karl Schumaker have totally opposite opinions about how to make the year-end adjusting entries for 2009. John is an assistant controller. He has a master’s degree in accounting, is a CPA, and has three years of solid experience with a major accounting firm. Karl, John’s immediate boss, a controller, is 20 years older than John, and he has a B.S. in management and a general M.B.A. from a top graduate school. Moreover, he has over 25 years of corporate accounting and finance experience even though he has no public accounting experience. The adjusting entries in question consist of accounts receivable bad debt, product returns, and product warranties. The accounts receivable bad debt is the first accounting adjustment they have different opinion. Karl would to prefer to bring the bad debt up to 3% of sale this year from 2.75% last year because he thinks an economic slowdown is coming. Besides, Karl believes in conservative accounting, so he thinks that the accountants should use the least favorable amount. However, John thinks the bad debt should be keep as same as 2.5%. John said that he does not see the need to bump up the bad debt percentages, and he mentioned they can adjust it in future as needed. The second adjusting entry they hold the opinion differ from each other is product returns. Karl wants to keep the 1% on product returns, but John thinks the product returns should...
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...Philosophical Dialogue (from Philosophy Pages) Verbal discussion of serious topics is in no way tangential to the practice of philosophy. From Socratic gatherings to the philosophical conventions of today, thinking things through out loud—and in the presence of others—has always been of the essence of the philosophical method. (Most philosophical texts embody this give-and-take, either in explicit use of dialogue form or by a more subtle alteration of proposal, objection, and reply in expository prose.) Your philosophical education demands that you enter into the great conversation of Western thought. A few suggestions may help: Be prepared Productive dialogue presupposes informed participants. This means that during every class session, each of us will have read the material assigned for the day, we will pay careful attention to what others have already said, and we will think carefully before speaking. Of course, each of us will often be mistaken, but none of us should ever speak randomly. Respect others Joint participants in dialogue show a deep, personal respect for each other. We owe it to each other to listen well and to give each other the benefit of doubt in interpreting charitably what has been said, trying always to see the worthwhile point. Although we will rarely find ourselves in total agreement on the issues at stake, we will never attack or make fun of each other personally. Expect conflict Disagreement with an expressed opinion and criticism of its...
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...Soren Kierkegaard was a Danish philosopher. Some say his ideas were ahead of his time, and that explains his low popularity in the world at the time. His works were very illustrative and sarcastic, which sometimes makes them hard to understand even nowadays, and raises a question of whether or not he is talking seriously, or makes fun of certain things. However, the common unclearness of the meanings of his work does not affect the fact that he is one of the very well-known and popular philosophers. According to Rosenstand, (and other sources) Kierkegaard’s work and life in general were very much influenced by his father, who was a very religious man and believed that God was punishing him by taking away his children’s lives. That idea was applied to little Soren as well. And apparently, was accepted by young Kierkegaard to such point, that after his father’s death he believed that God’s wrath had transferred to him. Despite all of these issues with fate and religious fear of judgment, Kierkegaard’s father was a good father after all. He is the one responsible for the deep imaginational ability of Soren. With his father they would regularly take walks to the beach, down the Main Street, into the woods – all in their living room. (Rosenstand, 2013) His father would describe everything they saw in details and ask Soren to participate. Even though it was exhausting for the little child, those types of intellectual and imagination exercises are one of the best things a parent...
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