...The Abstract. Green Washing is “an environmental claim which is unsubstantiated (a fib) or irrelevant (a distraction). Found in advertising, PR or on packaging, and made about people, organizations and products. to preserve and expand their markets by posing as friends of the environment and leaders in the struggle to eradicate poverty the purpose of green washing is to preserve and expand their markets by posing as friends of the environment and leaders in the struggle to eradicate poverty. The history of green washing begins with research of environmentalist Jay Westerveld in 1986, in an essay regarding the hotel industry’s practice of placing green placards in each room, promoting reuse of guest-towels, ostensibly to “save the environment. Energy sector represents “biomass, coal, electricity, geothermal energy, hydrogen, hydropower, natural gas, nuclear power, petroleum, solar power, and power wind”, companies involved in generating energy. In this research paper, main focus is analyzing major energy industry components such as Petroleum industry, Nuclear power industry and Coal power industry, in order to explore the related Green Washing phenomenon. As an example for green washing, “Australian Federal Government’s Green Washing Campaign of nuclear power as a “clean” energy source and as the primary solution to reduce Australia’s green house emissions”, analyzed in this research. As an example in coal industry “ the clean coal” campaign recognized and analyzed as...
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...Global Business and Ethics Paul Davis MGT/216 June 14, 2010 Paul Nesbitt In 2002, a Texas company and subsidiary of Halliburton, Kellogg, Brown, and Root (KBR) arrived in Kuwait to provide material support i.e., food services, trucks, cots, tents, gymnasiums, showers, generators, air conditioners, you name it, KBR supplied it for the troops gathering there for the 2003 invasion of Iraq. According to CorpWatch, KBR received a ten-year, no-bid contract that provided international logistical support services for the Army, known as LOGCAP, the Logistics Civil Augmentation Program (CorpWatch, 2010). While KBR held the contract, the company’s employees in Kuwait handed off the actual work to subcontractors that were hounding the KBR offices looking to get a lucrative piece of the action during wartime business. Work amounting in billions of dollars that was subcontracted led to major controversial headlines worldwide, as these questionable agreements that included $186 million in bloated overcharges that was discovered by Pentagon auditors, of the $186 million, $108 million was excessive costs. Many of the questionable contracts were carelessly written and very little or no effort was made to seek competitive offers. It seems that often times politics is separated from the ethical practices other organizations are subject to upholding as everyday principles and values. When an organization is able to profit in such an obvious way and has lead to many deaths the ethical...
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...analysis of the Social/Demographic, Technological, Economic, Environmental/Geographic, and Political/Legal/Governmental segments to understand the general environment facing Great Lakes. Describe how Great Lakes will be affected by each of these external factors. A. Social/Demographic: The future direction of Great Lakes will have an effect on different regions of the world, as their product continues to fill a need for leaded gas. This has the potential to impact both business and the livelihood of thousands of individual’s. There are also the potential health related problems as “the globalization of leaded gasoline has made Tetraethyl Lead (TEL) responsible for nearly 90 percent of airborne lead pollution in Third World cities today” (CorpWatch, 1997). Great Lakes will need to determine and understand what their decisions mean to the developing regions they service. B. Technological: Technology is not the issue for Great Lakes, instead the problems lies with the developing countries they serve. Until those countries are able to switch over the existing inventory of vehicles to unleaded gas, they will rely on the products supplied by Great Lakes. Additionally, there will be a need for additional refineries to supply unleaded gas, as the need for that gas spikes. To help offset the loss in profits from the switch from leaded to unleaded gas, Great Lakes has an opportunity to invest in the transition process partner with the countries. C. Economic: At the moment Great Lakes...
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...Mini Case 2 Macie Steiner Florida Southwestern January seventeenth How Long Can They Fly In summary of case four Boeing: How Low Can They Fly? Druyun still worked for the air force when she was offered a job with Boeing, Druyun assisted Boeing with obtaining contracts with the air force. Now if we take a step back and look at the big picture late 2001 Druyun, an acquisitions for the U.S Air Force starts negations with Boeing to lease Boeing jets as refueling tankers, she later than awarded them a 4 billion dollar contract, and gave them proprietary pricing data. After ethical violations of CEO (Stonecipher) of McDonnell Douglas Boeing incorporates ethical monitoring. The identified stakeholders are Boeing, Druyun and Stonecipher. The Procurement Integrity Act prohibits the release of source selection and contractor bid or proposal information. Also, a former employee who served in certain positions on a procurement action or contract in excess of $10 million is barred for one year from receiving compensation as an employee or consultant from that contractor ("Procurement Integrity"). The ethical implications of the procurement act are that it can be a conflict of interest to negotiate with a supplier. The relevance in this case is that Druyun was still a part of the military when negotiations began for a new position at Boeing and per Druyun she awarded Beoing “a parting gift” before leaving the military that made Boeing more...
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...The Dark Side of Chocolate is a documentary about the continued allegations of trafficking of children and child labor in the international chocolate industry. Cocoa plantations in Ghana and the Ivory Coast provide 80% of the world with chocolate, according to CorpWatch. Chocolate producers around the world have been pressured to “verify that their chocolate is not the product of child labor or slavery. The filming started in Germany, where Mistrati asked vendors where their chocolate comes from. They then flew to Mali, where many of the children are from. Next, they explored the Ivory Coastwhere the cocoa plantations are located. The film ends in Switzerland where both the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the Nestle headquarters are located. Much of the footage in this documentary is recorded using a secret camera located in a bag Mistrati carries with him. The documentary was released in 2010, first in Denmark, and later in Sweden, Ireland, Belgium, and Norway. A team of journalists investigate how human trafficking and child labor in the Ivory Coast fuels the worldwide chocolate industry. The crew interview both proponents and opponents of these alleged practices, and use hidden camera techniques to delve into the gritty world of cocoa plantations. While we enjoy the sweet taste of chocolate, the reality is strikingly different for African children. In 2001 consumers around the world were outraged to discover that child labor and slavery, trafficking, and...
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...2. Ethical Theories used to justify Anglo-American’s Obligation to the ethical issue in Chilean Mines 2.1 Virtue Ethics: In virtue ethical theory, an individual is judged by his character rather than by his actions that may deviate from his normal behavior (Fraedrich, Ferrel and Ferrel, 2009). In Chile’s case, application of virtue ethics justifies the following mishaps: Fairness: With Research gathered from the case study, contract workers are assigned much more dangerous tasks with great risks of injury towards their health i.e. the company uses these workers for a certain period of time and do away with them once younger stronger workers become available while protecting their full time staff with easier tasks and extra benefits (Chatterjee, 2014). Compassion: Researchers’ report have shown that unfair labour practices at the mines such as long working hours, dismissal threats etc. These has caused destruction of family ties and negative social attention of miners in the society, Therefore lack of compassion from the employers was exhibited (Chatterjee, 2014). Integrity: The Chileans mines have polluted the dams used for water supply therefore contaminating the water in the community. Although Supreme Court has ordered for the removal of the mines yet the company is yet to comply by the rules, thus endangering the environment and its residents (Aljazeera, 2015). Moreover its expansion to Brazilian amazon encouraged the Brazilian government for improvement in the economy...
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...Halliburton Duncan, Oklahoma, in1919 a man by the name of Erle P. Halliburton had borrowed a wagon, some mules, and a pump. Building a mixing box out of wood Erle started an oil well cementing business. Halliburton became one of the biggest suppliers of products and services to the energy industry. The company employs more than 70,000 people and is in at least 80 countries. Halliburton attends the upstream oil and gas industry throughout a lifecycle of the reservoir. Halliburton has two divisions. The first is the Drilling and Evaluation, and the second is the Completion of Production; As of December 31, 2011 between these two divisions accounted for roughly 25.0 billion dollars in Revenue: 58% was in North America and the other 42% was International. In looking at the planning function of management, acquiring experience as a global organization Halliburton adjusts their many departments to the economic area that they are in. Halliburton has an office for each location that they are in. Houston, Texas, was the home of Halliburton’s main office, until they relocated their headquarters to Dubai, a Middle Eastern country. Halliburton every year holds annual planning proceedings for correcting Service Quality and HSE. PII (Performance Improvement Initiative) became about n 1997 and aids to safeguard administrative position, “The PII includes a review of past performance, and assessment of currently available tools, and the development of objectives and strategies for continuous...
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...In lieu of traditional exams, I have decided to shake things up by asking you to design a final project that is part investigative journalism and part creative adventure. The idea is to produce a coherent nugget of information—or story—that traces the history of an ordinary object. The premise is based on our classroom discussions about the various ways discourse, power, consumption, and bodies are linked to gender, race, sexuality, class, religion, geography, and so on. My aim is to get you thinking seriously about the material conditions that produce commodities for everyday use (often hidden and obscured), as well as their emotional/cultural/social value (often produced and enforced by media, norms, discipline, and bodily surveillance). For example, when considering an ordinary pair of jeans, it is important to understand how their material history goes beyond simply when and where they were purchased. From production to consumption, a whole range of transnational labor practices (that primarily utilize the skills of young, low-income women of color) and advertising strategies (that primarily utilize the bodies and sexuality of young women) are deployed. Many of these practices violate international labor and environmental standards. At the same time, this ordinary pair of jeans may also contain a personal history that reflects emotional, cultural, or social values (a particular brand, a form of resistance to dress codes and cultural clothing norms, a gift from a beloved...
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...Nike.inc SWOT analysis Strengths: y Nike is a globally recognized for being the number one sportswear brand in the World. Nike being a competitive organization has a healthy aver sion towards its competitors i.e. during Atlanta Olympics, Reebok expensed on sponsoring the games; Nike however sponsored the top athletes and due to this step, it gained valuable coverage. Nike has no factories; rather it uses contract factories to get the work done which makes it quite a lean organization. It has contracts with above 700 shops globally in about 45 different countries. Nike is quite strong regarding its research and development; quite evident regarding its evolving and innovative product range. They manufacture high quality at the lowest possible price, if prices rise due to price hike then the production process is made cheaper by changing the place of produ ction. It has a strong sense of marketing campaign by sponsoring top athletes. It uses lunarlite foam and flywire materials in order to make the manufactured shoes lighter and more controllable. Nike, Inc is listed in NYSE and positioned as a US headquartered worldwide sportswear trader and supplier that: Contracts with about 700 shops worldwide, runs offices in 45 countries, and manages factories in China, Indonesia, Taiwan, Thailand, India, Vietnam, Philippines, Pakistan, and Malaysia. Belongs to Fortune 500 companies which 2007 total re venue exceeded 16 b. USD Employs more than 30.000 people worldwide; Owns strong marketing...
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...Nike is an American multinational corporation that is engaged in the design, development, manufacturing and worldwide marketing and sales of footwear, apparel, equipment, accessories and services for men, women, and kids worldwide. The company offers products in eight categories, including running, basketball, football, men’s training, women’s training, sportswear, action sports, and golf under the NIKE and Jordan brand names. The company is headquartered near Beaverton, Oregon, in the Portland metropolitan area. It is one of the world's largest suppliers of athletic shoes and apparel and a major manufacturer of sports equipment, with revenue in excess of US$30.6 billion in its fiscal year 2015 which ended on May 31, 2015. Nike now has 62,600 employees all over the world. In 2014 the brand alone was valued at $19 billion, making it the most valuable brand among sports businesses. The company was founded on January 25, 1964, as Blue Ribbon Sports, by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, and officially became Nike on May 30, 1971. The company takes its name from Nike, which means the Greek goddess of victory. Nike markets its products under its own brand, as well as Nike Golf, Nike Pro, Nike+, Air Jordan, Nike Blazers, Air Force 1, Nike Dunk, Air Max, Foamposite, Nike Skateboarding, and subsidiaries including Brand Jordan, Hurley International and Converse. In addition to manufacturing sportswear and equipment, the company operates retail stores under the Niketown name. Nike sponsors...
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...The Effects of Media Globalization By Mary Hickman Media globalization cannot be stopped. It is a result of new communications technology. It is also the prerequisite and facilitator for all other forms of globalization. Multi-national media is critical to global industries. Many Americans feel that we ought to enjoy the benefits of media globalization, such as global communication, rather than fearing and attempting to avoid the consequences—which ironically include hindrance of free speech. Communicating internationally has never been easier. Thanks to new media platforms, we can have a video conversation with a loved one who is 10,000 miles away or keep up-to-date on the stock market with our cell phones. The internet can also improve our health or save our lives. Your doctor may send an X-ray or MRI to another doctor in India or China for a second opinion and have it within hours. “…An Israeli company is making big advances in compression technology to allow for easier, better transfers of CAT scans via the Internet so you can quickly get a second opinion from a doctor half a world away” (Friedman, 2005). Thomas L. Friedman, quoting Craig J. Mundie, a chief technical officer for Microsoft: “‘The Windows-powered PC enabled millions of individuals, for the first time ever, to become authors of their own content in digital form, which meant that content could be shared far and wide’”. Friedman’s book underlines his belief that media has the power...
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...The effects of trade liberalization in agriculture, particularly of developing countries, have become an important part of major studies in recent years after a decade of failed or unsafisfactory WTO negotiations. The trade talks launched at Doha, Qatar, in November of 2001, are considered to be the first of nine negotiating rounds to address the “needs and the interests” of developing countries (Elliott, 2007, p. 1). There have been many attempts to reach an agreement between countries on agricultural liberalization. The failure to reacha solution still persists, however, as was seen at the “Battle in Seattle”, in November of 1999 where strong anti-WTO sentiment took to the streets in mass protests. (Fabiosa, 2008, p. 1). This anti-trade stance asks the fundamental question whether agricultural trade liberalization is beneficial to developing countries or not. The growth of globalization creates interdependence among countries and increases the capacity of the economy of the countries to engage in international trade. Trade liberalization in agriculture has significant benefits to individuals who devote their lives to agriculture, mainly small farmers from developing countries. This idea would also promote economic growth in these countries. In order to make trade liberalization in agriculture an ideal concept, there are still a few hurdles that need to be cleared, such as granting developing nations funds to meet environmental...
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...The Promise and Perils of Globalization: The Case of Nike1 Richard M. Locke Alvin J. Siteman Professor of Entrepreneurship and Political Science MIT 1 This case was prepared for the Sloan School of Management’s 50th Anniversary celebration and should be read in conjunction with “A Note on Corporate Citizenship.” This case was prepared with the active involvement and research assistance of the following Sloan MBA students: Vanessa Chammah, Brian Curtis, Elizabeth Fosnight, Archana Kalegaonkar, and Adnan Qadir. I would also like to thank Miguel Alexander, Maria Eitel, Dusty Kidd, Joseph Tomasselli and Dara O’Rourke for their helpful comments and assistance during this project. 1 1. Introduction How should global corporations behave in the new international world order? What constitutes good corporate citizenship in a world where the stakeholders are diverse and dispersed around the globe and where no clear or consensual rules and standards exist? These questions shape the behavior of most multinational corporations (MNCs) today. Although multinationals are eager to pursue the opportunities of increased global integration, they are increasingly aware of the reactions which their strategies induce – both at home and abroad. Thus, they tread warily, lacking clear and agreed-upon definitions of good corporate citizenship. Through a case study of Nike, Inc. – a company that has come to symbolize both the benefits and the risks inherent in globalization – this paper examines the...
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...“Nike” History Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight founded Nike Inc. as Blue Ribbon Sports in 1962. The partners began their relationship at the University of Oregon where Bowerman was Knight’s track and field coach. While attending Stanford University, Knight wrote a paper about breaking the German dominance of the U.S. athletic shoe industry with low-priced Japanese shoes. In an attempt to realize his theory, Knight visited Japan and engineered an agreement with the Onitsuka Tiger Company, a manufacturer of quality athletic shoes, to be their sole distributor in the United States. In 1962, Knight received the first shipment of 200 pairs of Tiger shoes to his parent’s garage in Oregon. The shoes were bought by Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS), the name of the partnership between Knight and Bowerman that they formed with only $1,000 in capital. Knight peddled Tiger’s shoes at local track meets grossing $8,000 of sales in their first year. Knight and Bowerman both had full time jobs, so in 1965, Jeff Johnson was brought in as the 1st full time employee for BRS. Jeff Johnson quickly became a valuable asset. Jeff started all of BRS’s print advertising and even started designing some shoes. In 1971, BRS, with creditor support, started manufacturing their own line of shoes. Later that year, the first BRS shoe was introduced. It was the first shoe that bore the Nike brand name, referring to the Greek Goddess of Victory, and the Swoosh trademark. A student designed the Swoosh trademark for...
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...Management Planning Paper Maria Christina Gonzalez . University of Phoenix MGT 330 15 de julio de 2010 José Figueroa Rodríguez Management Planning Paper Una de las ramas más importantes y necesarias dentro de la gerencia empresarial es la planificación. Es la primera parte en la escala de los cuatro componentes a los que se le podría llamar ¨las reglas del juego¨y la regla de oro. Es el escalón principal, la primera parada a realizarse a la hora de organizar y definir una estructura empresarial. Pero aun mencionando esto, la planificación sin duda es un concepto que no estamos del todo familiarizados con él. Dentro de todo ámbito laboral, cultural y social es extremadamente necesario. Aun que se conozca su definición, el mismo no es puesto en práctica de una manera eficiente en nuestra sociedad. Debemos aceptar que dentro de nuestra cultura puertorriqueña, no se le provee la importancia requerida a este renglón tan delicado y necesario. Dentro de los campos existentes, el empresarial, tal vez se pueda considerar que es la única que la ponga en práctica, aunque no se en su totalidad, sino en su mayoría tomando los principios básicos y los mismos son utilizados. Pero no sucede del todo entre nosotros los boricuas, sino en otras partes del mundo. Aunque es muy cierto que podemos sobresalir por el desconocimiento en el campo, sin embargo existen situaciones en las cuales se planifica con toda la intención de cometer un acto delictivo, o fallarle a algún código de ética...
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