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Cosmos

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Submitted By vhellarie
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What biological principle is illustrated by the Heike crabs?
Selection by humans
Sagan says that if artificial selection can produce vast changes in a short period of time, then what must nature be able to do, given the age of the ear (4.5 billion years or so)? Don't just quote the video here. Explain what he means!
Nature must be able to produce and create.
What are the basic “steps” in natural selection as Sagan describes them? What questions does he raise for you?
Natural Selection happens when human’s changes have created other changes without humans directly deciding to do so.
Sagan describes the basic steps as there are more creatures then can survive. Less adapted have a less chance of surviving and producing off spring. Sudden changes in heredity can be pushed on to the off springs. Environmental changes can have an impact on what mutations will help survival. Thus, slow changes produce new species. Natural Selection was discovered by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace.
Explain the Watchmaker Hypothesis as an argument against natural selection. How does Sagan address it?
“Our ancestors looked at the intricacy and the beauty of life and saw evidence for a great designer. The simplest organism is a far more complex machine than the finest pocket watch. And yet, pocket watches don’t spontaneously self-assemble or evolve in slow stages on their own from say, grandfather clocks”. (Sagan, C)
It’s impossible to just look at something and understand as a whole.
Sagan comments that all life on this planet shares a number of characteristics, including one three-letter answer to the question of what is the master molecule?
DNA
What IS the master molecule? Do you think it is significant that all life on the planet shares the use of this code? Why or why not?
DNA is made of nucleotides which have four chemical parts, “adenine,

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