...CHAPTER 10 PLANT ASSETS, NATURAL RESOURCES, AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS SUMMARY OF QUESTIONS BY OBJECTIVES AND BLOOM’S TAXONOMY Item 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. sg st a SO 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 BT K K K K K C C K C K K C K AP C C K C AP AP AP AP K C C AP K C AP AP K K K K K C K C K Item 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. SO 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 BT K K K K K K K K K K K K AP AP K AP K AP AP K K K K AP AP K AP C K AP AP AP AN AP AP AP AP C AP Item 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. SO 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 BT C C C K C K C K K K K K AP AP AP AP AP AP AP K K K AN K K K C C C K K C C AP K K C C C Item 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. a 47. a 48. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 157. 158. 159. 160. 161. 162. 163. 164. 165. 166. 167. 168. 169. 170. 171. 172. 173. 174. 175. 176. SO 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 BT C K K K K K K K K K...
Words: 22919 - Pages: 92
...Cost of Capital- Coffee Industry Group No. 4 Submitted to- Group Members- Prof. Sarath Babu Himakshi Mallik Vitash Sharma Rahul Rishav Avinash M Kopparapu Prudhvi Nadh Cost of Capital- Coffee Industry We have taken into consideration two firms- New World Coffee and New York Yankees. ESTIMATING COST OF EQUITY FOR A PRIVATE FIRM • Basic Problem: Most models of risk and return (including the CAPM) use past prices of an asset to estimate its risk parameters (beta(s)). Private firms and divisions of firms are not traded, and thus do not have past prices. • • Solution 1: Estimate the beta, based upon comparable firms, and after adjusting for risk. o Step 1: Collect a group of publicly traded comparable firms, preferably in the same line of business, but more generally, affected by the same economic forces that affect the firm being valued. A Simple Test: To see if the group of comparable firms is truly comparable, estimate a correlation between the revenues or operating income of the comparable...
Words: 1594 - Pages: 7
...Decisions COST-VOLUME-PROFIT ANALYSIS 2.2 Cost Of Capital This Section includes : • Cost of Capital-Key Concepts • Importance • Classification • Determination of Cost of Capital • Computation • Weighted Average Cost of Capital INTRODUCTION: It has been discussed in lesson -4 that for evaluating capital investment proposals according to the sophisticated techniques like Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return, the criterion used to accept or reject a proposal is the cost of capital. The cost of capital plays a significant role in capital budgeting decisions. In the present lesson the concept of cost of capital and the methods for its computation are explained. COST OF CAPITAL-KEY CONCEPTS: The term cost of capital refers to the minimum rate of return a firm must earn on its investments. This is in consonance with the firm’s overall object of wealth maximization. Cost of capital is a complex, controversial but significant concept in financial management. The following definitions give clarity management. Hamption J.: The cost of capital may be defined as “the rate of return the firm requires from investment in order to increase the value of the firm in the market place”. James C. Van Horne: The cost of capital is “a cut-off rate for the allocation of capital to investments of projects. It is the rate of return on a project that will leave unchanged the market price of the stock”. Soloman Ezra:”Cost of Capital is the minimum...
Words: 3455 - Pages: 14
...Chapter 8 CONSOLIDATIONS — CHANGES IN OWNERSHIP INTERESTS Answers to Questions 1 Preacquisition earnings and dividends are the earnings and dividends applicable to an investment interest prior to its acquisition during an accounting period. Assume that P purchases an 80 percent interest in S on July 1, 2011 and that S has earnings of $100,000 between January 1 and July 1, 2011 and pays $50,000 dividends on May 1, 2011. In this case, preacquisition earnings and dividends are $100,000 and $40,000, respectively. Historically, preacquisition earnings purchased were shown as a deduction on the income statement to arrive at consolidated net income. Under current GAAP, this is no longer the case. Instead, the consolidated income statement should only report revenues, expenses, gains and losses subsequent to the acquisition. For example, in a March 31 acquisition, the consolidated income statement would only include income of the subsidiary from April 1 through December 31. GAAP reasons that acquirers purchase assets and assume liabilities, based on their fair values. Acquirers do not “purchase” preacquisition earnings, although fair values of net assets should reflect earning power of the acquired firm. 2 Preacquisition earnings are not recorded by a parent under the equity method because the investor only recognizes income subsequent to acquisition on the interest acquired. Historically, preacquisition earnings purchased were shown as a deduction on the income statement...
Words: 8025 - Pages: 33
...releases questions that it does NOT intend to use again. These questions and content may or may not be representative of questions you may see on any upcoming exams. 1 2011 AICPA Newly Released Questions – Financial 1. Fenn Museum, a nongovernmental not-for-profit organization, had the following balances in its statement of functional expenses: Education Fundraising Management and general Research $300,000 250,000 200,000 50,000 What amount should Fenn report as expenses for support services? a. b. c. d. $350,000 $450,000 $500,000 $800,000 Solution: Choice "b" is correct. The expenses of not for profit organizations are typically classified within generic functions as either program or support services. Program services relate to the mission or service delivery objectives of the organization, while support services relate to costs that indirectly support the organization's mission such as general and administrative costs, fund raising, membership development, etc. Of the four expenses listed in the fact pattern, two are clearly support services as follows: Fundraising Management and general Total $250,000 200,000 $450,000 Education and Research expenses are likely program services of the Fen Museum Choice "a" is incorrect. The proposed answer combines the likely program service amounts associated with Education and Research to arrive at $350,000. Program services would not be displayed as support services. Choice "c" is incorrect. The proposed answer either combines...
Words: 13084 - Pages: 53
...Chapter 8 CONSOLIDATIONS — CHANGES IN OWNERSHIP INTERESTS Answers to Questions 1 Preacquisition earnings and dividends are the earnings and dividends applicable to an investment interest prior to its acquisition during an accounting period. Assume that P purchases an 80 percent interest in S on July 1, 2011 and that S has earnings of $100,000 between January 1 and July 1, 2011 and pays $50,000 dividends on May 1, 2011. In this case, preacquisition earnings and dividends are $100,000 and $40,000, respectively. Historically, preacquisition earnings purchased were shown as a deduction on the income statement to arrive at consolidated net income. Under current GAAP, this is no longer the case. Instead, the consolidated income statement should only report revenues, expenses, gains and losses subsequent to the acquisition. For example, in a March 31 acquisition, the consolidated income statement would only include income of the subsidiary from April 1 through December 31. GAAP reasons that acquirers purchase assets and assume liabilities, based on their fair values. Acquirers do not “purchase” preacquisition earnings, although fair values of net assets should reflect earning power of the acquired firm. Preacquisition earnings are not recorded by a parent under the equity method because the investor only recognizes income subsequent to acquisition on the interest acquired. Historically, preacquisition earnings purchased were shown as a deduction on the income statement to arrive at...
Words: 8458 - Pages: 34
...Cases in Healthcare Finance Case 16 Solution Case 16 - 1 CASE 16 SOLUTION (11/17/10) Copyright 2010 by FACHE SOUTHERN HOMECARE Cost of Capital Case Information Type This case is nondirected, in that it does not contain a specific list of questions that students must answer. Rather, the case contains general guidance or concerns expressed by various parties that students should consider when developing their solutions. If you, as the instructor, want to convert this case to a directed case, and hence provide your students with very specific guidance questions, you can make available the applicable questions for this case contained in the Case Questions section of the online material for instructors. Purpose This case focuses on the estimation of the cost of capital for a business. There is minimal quantitative analysis required, but there are a significant number of conceptual issues that are addressed in the case. Complexity The calculations are not complex, but many of the issues merit a great deal of discussion and require a sound understanding of cost of capital principles. Model Description The model takes much of the busywork out of the case, so it enables students to spend more time on interpretation and evaluation. Like most case models, the student and instructor versions differ only in regards to the input data. The instructor’s version contains the complete base case inputs, while these inputs are zeroed out in the student version of the model...
Words: 5558 - Pages: 23
...P2-3. LG 1: Income statement preparation a. |Cathy Chen, CPA | |Income Statement | |for the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | |Sales revenue | |$360,000 | |Less: Operating expenses | | | | Salaries |180,000 | | | Employment taxes and benefits |34,600 | | | Supplies |10,400 | | | Travel & entertainment |17,000 | | | Lease payment |32,400 | | | Depreciation expense | 15,600 | | | Total operating expense | | 290,000 | |Operating profits | |$ 70,000 | |Less: Interest expense ...
Words: 14198 - Pages: 57
...Chapter 13 FOREIGN CURRENCY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Answers to Questions 1 No. Translation of revenue and expense accounts at average exchange rates is an exception because average rates are merely an approximation of the exchange rates in effect at the transaction dates. In addition, paid-in capital accounts are translated at historical rates and dividends are translated at the exchange rates in effect at the time of payment. In contrast to translation, remeasurement into the currency of the reporting entity requires conversion of most nonmonetary items at historical rates and intercompany balances at reciprocal amounts. 2 A change in the functional currency of a subsidiary that results from restructuring manufacturing and distribution lines is not an accounting change because the change is necessitated by transactions and events different in substance from those previously occurring. [FASB Statement No. 52, paragraph 45] 3 A highly inflationary economy under Statement 52 is one that has cumulative inflation of approximately 100 percent or more over a three-year period. Judgment must be exercised in applying this rule to avoid changing functional currencies frequently due to minor differences in the inflation rate. 4 In accounting for a 60 percent owned foreign investee that operates in a highly inflationary economy, the financial statements of the foreign entity are remeasured using a U.S. dollar functional currency. Subsequently, the investor records...
Words: 10560 - Pages: 43
...to transform their operations. Consumers of products and services are increasingly demanding accelerated delivery times and lower prices. Companies are focusing on their core competencies and are using outsourced technology service providers to adequately address these needs. The role of technology has evolved from supporting corporations to transforming them. There is an increasing need for highly skilled technology professionals in the markets in which we operate. At the same time, corporations are reluctant to expand their internal IT departments and increase costs. These factors have increased corporations’ reliance on their outsourced technology service providers and are expected to continue to drive future growth for outsourced technology services. 1. Increasing trend toward offshore technology services Outsourcing the development, management and ongoing maintenance of technology platforms and solutions...
Words: 2292 - Pages: 10
...Course Code: C201 Cost and Management Accounting (CMA) 1. Objectives: The course intends to equip students with the ability to apply cost concepts in managerial decision making. At the end of the course, they are expected to have learnt the methodology and techniques for application of cost and managerial accounting and information in the formation of policies and in the planning and control of the operations of the organization. The course covers the nature of managerial accounting; activity costing; marginal costing; standard costing, etc. 2. Course Duration The course will have 45 sessions of 60minutes duration. 3. Course Contents Assignment of sessions to the modules of course is as follows: Module No. | Modules/ Sub modules | Sessions | Marks (Uni. Exam) | I | Cost Management and Cost EstimationCost and Management Accounting OverviewVarious Cost Concepts. Cost Estimation approaches, tools and techniques | 9 | 20 | II | Cost allocation and Job/ batch CostingCost Allocation, Activity Based and Target CostingJob and Batch Costing Introduction to the concept of operating costs | 9 | 20 | III | Costing MethodsOperating Costing. Process Costing and Joint and By product Costing. | 9 | 20 | IV | Management ApplicationsMarginal (Variable) Costing and Absorption Costing Decision Involving Alternative Choices and Pricing DecisionsMake-or-Buy | 9 | 20 | V | Planning, Control and Decision MakingBudgeting and Budgetary Control SystemStandard...
Words: 4490 - Pages: 18
...000. The old machine, which originally cost $40,000, has 6 years of expected life remaining and a current book value of $30,000 versus a current market value of $24,000. Target's corporate tax rate is 40 percent. If Target sells the old machine at market value, what is the initial after-tax outlay for the new printing machine? a. -$22,180 b. -$30,000 c. -$33,600 d. -$36,000 e. -$40,000 Risk-adjusted discount rate Answer: c Diff: E [ii]. Dandy Product's overall weighted average required rate of return is 10 percent. Its yogurt division is riskier than average, its fresh produce division has average risk, and its institutional foods division has below-average risk. Dandy adjusts for both divisional and project risk by adding or subtracting 2 percentage points. Thus, the maximum adjustment is 4 percentage points. What is the risk-adjusted required rate of return for a low-risk project in the yogurt division? a. 6% b. 8% c. 10% d. 12% e. 14% Medium: [MACRS table required] New project NPV Answer: d Diff: M [iii]. Mars Inc. is considering the purchase of a new machine which will reduce manufacturing costs by $5,000 annually. Mars will use the MACRS accelerated method to depreciate the machine, and it expects to sell the machine at the end of its 5-year operating life for $10,000. The firm expects to be able to reduce net operating working capital by $15,000 when...
Words: 3814 - Pages: 16
...It’s desirable for firms to have high liquidity so that they have a large factor of safety in meeting short-term creditor demands. However, since liquidity also has an opportunity cost associated with it—namely that higher returns can generally be found by investing the cash into productive assets—low liquidity levels are also desirable to the firm. It’s up to the firm’s financial management staff to find a reasonable compromise between these opposing needs. The recognition and matching principles in financial accounting call for revenues, and the costs associated with producing those revenues, to be “booked” when the revenue process is essentially complete, not necessarily when the cash is collected or bills are paid. Note that this way is not necessarily correct; it’s the way accountants have chosen to do it. Historical costs can be objectively and precisely measured whereas market values can be difficult to estimate, and different analysts would come up with different numbers. Thus, there is a tradeoff between relevance (market values) and objectivity (book values). Depreciation is a non-cash deduction that reflects adjustments made in asset book values in accordance with the matching principle in financial accounting. Interest expense is a cash outlay, but it’s a financing cost, not an operating cost. Market values can never be negative. Imagine a share of stock selling for –$20. This would mean that if you placed an order for 100 shares, you would get the stock along with a...
Words: 8154 - Pages: 33
...Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-151048-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-146974-5. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works...
Words: 107484 - Pages: 430
...Cost of Capital FINANCING DECISION In financing decision, it is totally concentrated on how to generate finance from long term sources It is also considered the following points: Cost of Finance Time period Purpose of Finance Amount of Finance Risk involvement SOURCES OF FINANCE Finance required for investing purpose may be from one or combination of the following sources: 1) From Debt Source 2) From Equity Source i. Ordinary Shares ii. Preference Shares iii. Retained Earning Why do we use different source of finance? COST OF FINANCE It is the minimum rate of return that a firm must earn on its investment for the market value of the firm to remain unchanged. WEIGHTED AVERAGE COST OF CAPITAL Capital is the combination of different components (sources) and the cost of each component is called specific cost. When these specific costs are combined to arrive at overall cost of capital, it is referred to as the weighted average cost of capital. Assumptions Entity’s financial and business risks are unaffected by the acceptance and financing of projects. Financial structure of the entity remains constant. It means that if the entity needs additional funds then are to be raised in accordance with the existing proportion. Components of Cost of Capital Risk-free cost of particular type of financing (r) Business risk premium (b) Financial risk premium (f) k = r + b +f Explicit and Implicit Cost Explicit Cost From the desk of M. Azam 1 Cost...
Words: 2762 - Pages: 12
