...Riding a wave of creative destruction – reflections on Ecology and Society According to the article “Riding a wave of creative destruction – reflections on Ecology and Society” by L. Gunderson. C. Folke and M. Lee, it is identifying how we have evolved from paper and plastic to paper to electrons (digital medium). Most people and businesses in today society are using electronic formats. Most journals that we read today are in both paper and electronic format. According to the article “The kind of transformation that the Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter said was caused by “gales of creative destruction.” In his model, systems change when new ideas, products, and technologies bring about the destruction of the old”. Now that we have been dealing with electronics more and more freely accessible electronic media is replacing more of the paper based one. Now that we are evolving into electronics we have many journals that are going into the virtual world but, you still have some that are still paper and electronic so they can stay in tune with society. Ecology and Society Journal is one of the first entirely digital journals around and always have been. Ecology and Society focuses on the interactions between people, their environment and social-ecological systems. The good thing about Ecology and Society Journal is that it is free to anyone on the internet and has more than 13,000 subscribers in more than 100 countries. This journal does this because by making it free it will...
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...modular, architectural, radical, product, process, market, disruptive, organizational, complementary, etc). Schumpeter: The first part will be dedicated to the Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter, a pioneer when we talk about innovation management. Around the 1930s Schumpeter started studying how the capitalist system was affected by market innovations. In his book “Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy” he described a process where “the opening up of new markets, foreign or domestic, and the organizational development [...] illustrate the same process of industrial mutation, that incessantly revolutionizes the economic structure from within, incessantly destroying the old one, incessantly creating a new one”. He called this process “creative destruction”. After analyzing the capitalist model Schumpeter tried to understand what companies would be in a better position to innovate. He developed a theory where a company’s ability to innovate was mainly connected to its size. Initially he defended that small...
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...Case #4: THE BATTLE FOR VALUE, 2004: FEDEX CORP. VS. UNITED PARCEL SERVICE, INC. Synopsis and Objectives • Set in June 2004 • To assess the financial performance of FedEx Corp. and United Parcel Service, Inc (UPS). The two firms have competed intensely for dominance of the overnight express package industry. • This case is intended for use in an introductory discussion of corporate value creation and its sources. It requires no numerical computations; rather, the tasks are to interpret the results and to reflect upon their implications. The contrasting record of the two firms affords a platform to: • Assess economic profit analysis (also known as Economic Value Added) and, more generally, the measurement of financial performance and health. The case provides a complete historical economic profit analysis for both firms, and permits comparison with other classic approaches to historical performance analysis. This comparison affords the opportunity to discuss the attributes of healthy and successful companies, and to explore the strengths and weaknesses of economic profit. Key learning points about economic profit include its dependence on the conventions of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and its ignorance of strategic option value. • Evaluate the financial implications of rigorous competition and corporate transformation. Questions 1. What are the enabling and inhibiting factors facing the two firms as they...
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...Introduction According to Joseph Schumpeter, creative destruction describes the "process of industrial mutation that incessantly revolutionizes the economic structure from within, incessantly destroying the old one, incessantly creating a new one"(Schumpeter, 1942). This argues that in the economics development process, the new products will eventually take place of the out-of-dated ones, for the single company and even the whole society. To take the music players as an example, Sony Walkman was extremely popular in 1980s, but it was finally forced to exit the market because of the popularity of MP3 in 2000s. However, nowadays, even MP3 could not survive in the music player market, as the appearance of smart phones becomes a substitute of it. Creative destruction is a common economic phenomenon happening in the business cycle and to some extend, it is a process of wealth accumulation under capitalism. (Karl, 1848&1857&1863) In the long run, it would result into a high rise of service and products quality, a progress in the humanity society. However, if focusing on the individual unit, creative destruction is a challenge. Those who do not play well, like because of lacking skills or technology, will be eliminated out of the game. In the following sections, this paper is going to illustrate the importance of innovation strategy in this game from the enterprise perspective, how could innovation strategy fit the strategic planning well, and how big data could work for the strategic...
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...Case Analysis “Creative Destruction”- Economist Joseph Schumpeter The very term “capitalism” is derived from a division of the factors of production into labor, land, and capital (McConnell, Brue & Flynn, 2012). Entrepreneurship is a late comer to this division when it was discovered that the value of output could not be derived from the factors of production that went into producing it; entrepreneurship was introduced to account for the difference. So when we speak of giving capital “free hand”, we are really talking about entrepreneurship: the pursuit of higher returns on capital-profit. Entrepreneurship can increase productivity of capital. Globalization, removing government restrictions, and giving the profit motive an opportunity have led to an explosion in productivity (McConnell, Brue & Flynn, 2012). The gains in productivity are closely related with the development of the network economy and the Internet happened to reach explosive growth in the past few years. The internet started off as a government-sponsored research network that people hooked into. It was only when it started being used for commerce and advertising did it become a significant factor in fostering productivity, economic growth and the stock market boom. The technological innovations, at which the internet is the only one at this time I am speaking of, has also a reflexively connected with the abolition of the regulated monopolies in the telephone industry(McConnell, Brue & Flynn, 2012)...
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...1. What is the Schumpeterian concept of “creative destruction”? Creative Destruction’ is a paradoxical term introduced to economic theory in 1942 by the Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950). He used the term to describe the special form of economic growth that entrepreneurs particularly bring to the capitalist system. Schumpeter argued that it was the entrepreneur’s introduction of radical innovation into the capitalist system that was the real force that sustained long-term economic growth, even as it destroyed the economic value of established enterprises who may have previously enjoyed a degree of monopolistic power. For Schumpeter, the net economic benefit from the radical innovation, in spite of the destruction of existing economic value, was greater than if the radical innovation had never been introduced. So, the term ‘creative destruction’ describes a process of creating net economic growth in the capitalist system where entrepreneurs create more economic value from their radical innovations than is destroyed as their innovation replaces and supplants the established way of doing things. Schumpeter believed that capitalism would ultimately be destroyed by its successes and that this ‘creative destruction’ was just part of the prognosis of capitalism’s future. His great defence of capitalism however, was built on the grounds that capitalism sparks entrepreneurship. He was one of the first economists to truly provide us with a clear concept of this term....
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...Drucker’s Seven Experiences Peter Drucker on how one can be more effective at work through his 'Seven Personal Experience' My Life as a Knowledge Worker *The leading management thinker describes seven personal experiences that taught him how to grow, to change, and to age--without becoming a prisoner of the past* I was no t yet 18 when, having finished high school, I left my native Vienna and went to Hamburg as a trainee in a cottonexport firm. My father was not very happy. Ours had been a family of civil servants, professors, lawyers, and physicians for a very long time. He therefore wanted me to be a full-time university student, but I was tired of being a schoolboy and wanted to go to work. To appease my father, but without any serious intention, I enrolled at Hamburg University in the law faculty. In those remote days--the year was 1927--one did not have to attend classes to be a perfectly proper university student. All one had to do to obtain a university degree was to pay a small annual fee and show up for an exam at the end of four years. *THE FIRST EXPERIENCE* *Taught by Verdi* The work at the export firm was terribly boring, and I learned very little. Work began at 7:30 in the morning and was over at 4 in the afternoon on weekdays and at noon on Saturdays. So I had lots of free time. Once a week I went to the opera. On one of those evenings I went to hear an opera by the great 19th-century Italian composer, Giuseppe Verdi--the last opera he wrote, *Falstaff*. It has...
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...policy brief 1 Creative Destruction and Copyright Protection Regulatory Responses to File-sharing Bart Cammaerts and Bingchun Meng London School of Economics and Political Science Department of Media and Communications LSE Media Policy Project: Media policy brief 1 Creative destruction and copyright protection Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Professors Robin Mansell and Sonia Livingstone for their insightful editorial contributions on earlier drafts of this media policy brief. We are also grateful for the research and organizational assistance of our resourceful and talented interns: Dorota Kazcuba, Nate Vaagen, Ben Murray, Davide Morisi and Liam O’Neill. In addition, Jim Killock and Mark Margarattan contributed to stimulating discussion during the project’s expert meeting on ‘File-sharing, the DEA and its implementation’. The LSE Media Policy Project is funded by the Higher Education Innovation Fund 4. LSE Media Policy Project Series Editors Zoetanya Sujon and Damian Tambini Creative Commons copyright licence, Attribution-NonCommercial. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms. March 2011. LSE Media Policy Project. http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/mediapolicyproject/ 1 LSE Media Policy Project: Media policy brief 1 Creative destruction and copyright protection ...
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...captives, and to let the oppressed go free. [Mr. Brown, upon inquiry whether he had anything to say why sentence should not be pronounced upon him, in a clear, distinct voice replied:] I have, may it please the Court, a few words to say. In the first place, I deny everything but what I have already admitted, of a design on my part to free slaves. I intended, certainly, to have made a clean thing of that matter, as I did last winter when I went into Missouri, and there took Slaves without the snapping of a gun on either side, moving them through the country, and finally leaving them in Canada. I designed to have done the same thing again on a larger scale. That was all I intended. I never did intend murder, or treason, or the destruction of property, or to excite or incite Slaves to rebellion, or to make insurrection. I have another objection, and that is that it is unjust that I should suffer such a penalty. Had I interfered in the manner, and which I admit has been fairly proved, -- for I admire the truthfulness and candor of the greater portion of the witnesses who have testified in this case --had I so interfered in behalf of the Rich, the Powerful, the Intelligent, the so-called Great, or in behalf of any of their friends, either father, mother, brother, sister, wife, or children, or any of that class, and suffered and sacrificed what I have in this interference, it would have been all right. Every man in this Court would have deemed it an act worthy a reward...
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...be made in order to understand the author's motives. "The Destructors" tells the story of a gang of kids who aim to tear down an old man's house. This is a bit disturbing; it is not something most kids would spend their free time doing, and starts to give the idea that the story is a depiction of something greater. Indeed, as we will discuss, Greene is using his characters to portray a microcosm of post-war Britain. Specifically, Greene targets two central themes within this microcosm. The most important is the transition of attitudes over generations. We will see that this transition is a harmful one, and this is due to Greene's second concept of the destructive nature of mankind. The combination of destructive tendencies and this transition provides the reader with the story's ultimate message: human attitudes are nearly impossible to change over time, and war can create a cascade of destructive generations to come. To establish this message, Greene employs the use of an allegory. The story itself is not just representative of the words on the page, but something much more important. In this case, characters may be symbolic of particular people in society, but more accurately, the view into the character's lives as children is symbolic of what they will become as adults. The conflicts that the characters undergo will be conflicts that they manage as adults, but on a different scale. For instance, the main conflicts for the kids are how to tear Old Misery's house down in the...
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...Fire and Ice In the poem “Fire and Ice,” by Robert Frost, everyone seems to have their own opinion on the message Frost was trying to convey. A poem not structured by fact, but of opinion. Throughout the poem, Frost uses metaphor, imagery, and little bit of alliteration to convey his message. Frost was implying that the human nature could lead to the destruction of mankind. There is also an interesting anecdote in Frost’s personal history that might explain why he chose this motif for this poem. Harlow Shapley claimed he inspired Robert Frost to write “Fire and Ice meeting with a great American astronomer Harlow Shapley the year before the poem appeared (1920), Frost asked how the world would end and Shapley said either the sun would expand and Earth would destroyed in a conflagration (fire) or it would die and the Earth would freeze solid (ice). With all of these influences, its small wonder that Frost wrote this philosophical gem or that it took the form it did. (Hansen) Frost begins his poem briefly describing his opinion on how the world will end. Fire is greed and desire while ice is cold hatred. Whether it shall burn in flames or freeze over forever on. The next two lines then followed by the word “I” which more emphasizes the factor of opinion. Along, with opinion, it also creates a more personal and emotional effect that helps connect with the reader. Between the same two lines that contain the word “I” Frost mentions his...
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...believe in each element. By using the term “some” instead of “I” or “an individual,” Frost asserts that the distinction between the two elements is a universal truth, not just an idea promoted by an individual. In addition to the unavoidable contradiction between fire and ice, these first lines also outline the claim that the world will end as a direct result of one of these elements. It is unclear which element will destroy the world, but it is significant to note that fire and ice are the only options. The poem does not allow for any other possibilities in terms of the world’s fate, just as there are not any other opinions allowed in the black-and-white debate between fire and ice. Interestingly, the two possibilities for the world’s destruction correspond directly to a common scientific debate during the time Frost wrote the poem. Some scientists believed that the world would be incinerated from its fiery core, while others were convinced that a coming ice age would destroy all living things on the earth’s surface. Instead of maintaining a strictly scientific perspective on this debate, Frost introduces a more emotional side, associating passionate desire with fire and hatred with ice. Within...
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...half-brother, the Minotaur, displays physical monstrousness and destruction, whereas Phèdre is destructive emotionally and mentally. Phèdre’s feelings for Hippolytus manifest in such a way that result in literal consequences, such as the ruin of her marriage and the betrayal of her kingdom. Although Theseus seeks to eliminate literal monsters, he fails to deal with, let alone take notice of the monsters that reside inside of his wife. However, due to the fact that he is constantly gone for his job, he is not necessarily given the chance to. Throughout this story, the characters are overwhelmed with concern over killing physical monsters, and they seem to turn a blind eye to the figurative monsters within. These monsters prove to be more destructive than a literal beast. After revealing her love to Hippolytus, Phèdre states: Your father was a hero, be like him, And rid the world of one more monster now. Does Theseus’ widow dare to love his son? Believe me you should not let her escape. Here is my heart. Here, where your hand should strike, It waits impatient to expiate Its guilt. It leaps to meet your arm. Oh strike! Or if your hatred envy me a blow Of such sweet torture, or if blood too vile You think would therefore drench your hand, then give, Give me, if not your arm, at least your sword! Give. (Racine, Act 2, Scene 5) The little humanity, or reason, that Phèdre still possesses knows the destruction...
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...We are Anonymous. We are powerful. Is it right for one group of people to have enough power to ruin a person’s life or to over throw governments? You can see a perfect example of this if you look at the situation in Ferguson, Missouri when the hacking community known as Anonymous recently threated to release the personal info on the officer involved in the shooting of the unarmed teenager Michael Brown if the violence on the protesters was not stopped. To answer this question someone has to taking into consideration is the reason morally acceptable, the responsibility behind the power, and if it is socially acceptable. To begin with is it morally acceptable to use the power available to possibly cause the death of another human. One would have to look at the situation that caused the threat to take place. Some may say that it would be right for Anonymous to use the power at hand to bring vengeance to the brutal death of Michael Brown. On the other hand some may say that the death of one should not be an excuse to cause the death of another. But in the end the one with all the power has to be the judge of what is morally acceptable because they are the ones with all the power to determine if the one responsible for Michael Brown’s death deserves to die. Additional, the responsibility of Anonymous to use the power they have in the right way and not to use the information in a destructive way. This somewhat ties into the morally acceptability of the problem at hand but the...
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...and global warming. A blogger from GREENandSAVE.com mentioned that global warming is a huge reason for many species’ endangerment and ultimate extinction. Thus, according to the research done by National Geographic, iceberg in South poles and North poles starts to melt which causes 12polar bears to face extinction due to loss of habitat. Therefore, a climate change is the main cause of extinct animals. Next, habitat destruction is one of the factors that cause animal extinction. Laura Klappenbach has mentioned that habitat is destroyed and cannot continue to support the species and ecological communities. She added that it often results in the extinction of species and, as a result, the loss of biodiversity. According to World Wild Life Federation (WWF) , the natural habitat has been damaged by human activities such as deforestation. On the other hand, factories release toxic waste and chemical waste will cause water pollution which will directly influence the habitat devastation for aquatic animals. Thus, deforestation is one of the forms of habitat destruction that lead to animal extinction. Apart from that, taking animals as a profit will also cause animals to be threatened with extinction. People always think of high profit margin such as rhino horn, elephant ivory and tiger skin and bond (WWF). According...
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