...Proceedings of the National Conference On Undergraduate Research (NCUR) 2013 University of Wisconsin La Crosse, WI April 11 – 13, 2013 Evaluating The Alternative Uses Test of Creativity Caitlin Dippo College of Design University of Minnesota Twin Cities 100 Church St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455 Faculty Advisor Barry Kudrowitz Abstract The Alternative Uses Test is a means of evaluating divergent thinking abilities. The test requires subjects to list nonobvious uses for a common object. In our studies, participants were given three minutes to take this test using a paper clip as the object. There are several objectives of this research. Firstly, we are testing the hypothesis that the subjects who list more responses will have more creative responses. Similarly, we hypothesize that as one lists alternative uses, the items suggested first will be less creative/novel than the items towards the end. This data should provide insight into how people make associations while generating ideas. A secondary goal of this research is to develop an automated scoring rubric for this specific Alternative Uses Test to allow for a faster evaluation of creativity. Keywords: Creativity, Alternative Uses, Paperclip 1. Introduction Divergent thinking is a critical part of a creative design process. Design problems typically do not have one correct solution and often there are many solutions for a given problem. It is important to better understand how divergent thinking is evaluated...
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...solution for Cosmetic Accounting. To achieve these purposes total 108 respondents have been surveyed. Findings from descriptive statistics reveal that the perceptions of three categories respondents are different about the various aspects of cosmetic accounting .It also shows the opinions of internal auditors, external auditors and accountants raised some concerns as to whether these circumstances will last. 3 Field of Research: Accounting. Keywords: Cosmetic Accounting, Accountants. External Auditor, Internal Auditor, 1. Introduction Creative accounting is referred to also as income smoothing, earnings management, earnings smoothing, financial engineering and cosmetic accounting. The preferred term in the USA, and consequently in most of the literature on the subject is „earnings management‟, but in Europe the preferred term is „creative accounting‟ and so this is the term that will be used in this paper. It should be recognized that some accounting manipulation involves primarily balance sheet rather than earnings management. Definitions of creative accounting vary, and include „Is the deliberate dampening of fluctuations about “some level of earnings considered being normal for the firm” (Barnea et al. 1976). „Is any action on the part of management which affects reported income and which provides no true economic advantage to the organization and may in...
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...solution for Cosmetic Accounting. To achieve these purposes total 108 respondents have been surveyed. Findings from descriptive statistics reveal that the perceptions of three categories respondents are different about the various aspects of cosmetic accounting .It also shows the opinions of internal auditors, external auditors and accountants raised some concerns as to whether these circumstances will last. 3 Field of Research: Accounting. Keywords: Cosmetic Accounting, Accountants. External Auditor, Internal Auditor, 1. Introduction Creative accounting is referred to also as income smoothing, earnings management, earnings smoothing, financial engineering and cosmetic accounting. The preferred term in the USA, and consequently in most of the literature on the subject is „earnings management‟, but in Europe the preferred term is „creative accounting‟ and so this is the term that will be used in this paper. It should be recognized that some accounting manipulation involves primarily balance sheet rather than earnings management. Definitions of creative accounting vary, and include „Is the deliberate dampening of fluctuations about “some level of earnings considered being normal for the firm” (Barnea et al. 1976). „Is any action on the part of management which affects reported income and which provides no true economic advantage to the organization and may in...
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...Article overview: The article being reviewed in this reading brief paper,“ The Effect Of Banner Advertising on Internet Purchasing ” investigated the relationship between banner advertising and purchasing patterns on the internet. The authors used a behavioral database that consists of customer purchases at a Web site and individual advertising exposure. The authors measure the impression of banner advertising on current customers’ probability of repurchase while accounting for duration dependence. (1) The authors formulate a model of individual purchase timing behavior as a function of advertising exposure. A survival model was used to model the probability of a current customer making a purchase in any given week (since the last purchase). The duration dependence in the customers’ purchase behavior is captured through a flexible, piecewise exponential hazard function. The advertising covariates enter through a proportional hazards specification. These covariates, consist of strictly advertising variables, such as weight and quality, as well as advertising/individual browsing variables, represented by how many and which pages expose customers to advertising. The model is cast in a hierarchical Bayesian framework, thus enabling the authors to control for unobserved individual differences in the advertising response parameters and to investigate the impact of targeted advertising strategies. The authors concluded that banner advertising have a positive effect on Internet purchasing...
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...1 Journal 2: Civic Narrative 9 Unit 1 Journal 2: Civic Narrative Handout 11 Unit 1 Assignment 1: What Would You Do? 12 Unit 2 Journal 1: Personal Narrative 13 Unit 2 Journal 1: Personal Narrative Handout 15 Unit 2 Journal 2: Civic Narrative 19 Unit 2 Journal 2: Civic Narrative Handout 20 Unit 2 Journal 3: Article Response 22 Unit 2 Assignment 1: What Would You Do? 23 Unit 2 Assignment 2: Declaration of Independence and Public Safety 25 Unit 3 Journal 1: Car Commercials 26 Unit 3 Journal 2: Personal Narrative 27 Unit 3 Journal 2: Personal Narrative Handout 28 Unit 3 Journal 3: Civic Narrative 31 Unit 3 Journal 3: Civic Narrative Handout 32 Unit 3 Journal 4: Taste vs. Judgment 34 Unit 3 Presentation 1: What Would You Do? 35 Unit 3 Assignment 1: Habits That Hinder Thinking 36 Unit 4 Journal 1: Invention Exercise 37 Unit 4 Journal 1: SWOT Analysis Template 38 Unit 4 Journal 2: Personal Narrative 39 Unit 4 Journal 2: Personal Narrative Handout 41 Unit 4 Journal 3: Civic Narrative 43 Unit 4 Journal 3: Civic Narrative Handout 44 Unit 4 Assignment 1: What Would You Do? 46 Unit 4 Assignment 2: Invention White Paper 47 Unit 5 Journal 1: Personal Narrative 48 Unit 5 Journal 1: Personal Narrative Handout 49 Unit 5 Journal 2: Civic Narrative 51 Unit 5 Journal 2: Civic Narrative Handout 53 Unit 5 Assignment 1: What Would You Do? 55 Unit 6 Journal 1: Errors of Validity 57 Unit 6 Journal 2: Personal Narrative 59 Unit 6 Journal 2:...
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...groups to select, research, prepare a report and present a case study on a selected innovative business organization. The principle objective of this assignment is twofold: 1. To identify what a real world company did to become a successful innovative organization; and 2. To assess the challenges and net benefits to the organization on doing so. This case is worth 30% of the final grade and with presentations on Week Thirteen and Fourteen. In weeks eleven and twelve there will be reviews based on the progress to date that will be worth 5% each. Students must be in class to achieve their grade out of 5% for each class. The final report and presentation will be worth 20%. Critical and Creative Thinking The following sub heading “The Required Areas of Work” outlines the focus that your report and presentation should take. However, I am looking for your team to apply critical and creative thinking in your research and analysis. This means that your responses to the questions will be clear, concise and simple (and not a copy and paste of patches of content). Business requires that you provide direct and relevant answers to questions in as little time as possible. I want you to summarize your answers to the questions below as follows: 1. Give a one word or max one short sentence responses that you can speak to (i.e. provide the more detailed backup). For example, for “Why is your company considered a successful company?” One word responses might be: It is a...
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...EMPOWERING LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEE CREATIVITY Abstract: This paper is organized as follows. First we explain the theory on psychological empowerment and various leadership theories to develop a relationship between empowering leadership and employee creativity. Secondly it provides case studies to support the empowerment theories. We argue that the use positive psychology, specifically empowering leadership, contributes to employee success within an organization. The paper cites research by various highly esteemed professors and the primary sources were various internet articles, journals and websites. Introduction The use of positive psychology, originally proposed by Martin Seligman in his 1998 Presidential Address to the American Psychological Association, has been garnering support in recent studies. It focuses not on why people fail, but rather why they flourish and excel. Recent studies have shown that Empowering Leadership can affect employee creativity. By use of the word “creativity” we refer to the “out of the box’ ideas used in production and problem solving. Professor Alex Linley of the University of Leicester maintained that part of the empowering process calls for the leader to delegate authority which empowers the employee to make decisions and implement actions without direct supervision. This expression of confidence in the employee results in developing the employees feeling of self-efficacy which manifest “in four cognitions: meaning, competence...
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...Using a Balanced Scorecard in a Nonprofit Organization Joel Zimmerman, Ph.D. Director of Consulting Services Creative Direct Response This paper is part of the CDR White Paper Collection. It is maintained and distributed by the Nonprofit Learning Center. 2004, Creative Direct Response, Inc. USING A BALANCED SCORECARD IN A NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION Using a Balanced Scorecard in a Nonprofit Organization Joel Zimmerman, Ph.D., Director of Consulting Services Creative Direct Response, Inc. Since its invention in the 1990s, the balanced scorecard has won acceptance as a management tool in the for-profit sector. Now, nonprofits are becoming familiar with, and trying to use, balanced scorecards. This white paper explains what balanced scorecards are and gives critically important tips about how to adapt them successfully into the nonprofit world. “Balanced Scorecard” has been a corporate management buzzword for about a decade. Like many management movements before it, balanced scorecard is migrating from corporate management into the offices of nonprofit management. The transition of a balanced scorecard concept from for-profit to nonprofit organizations is not direct. The basic ideas behind creating a balanced scorecard are as valid for nonprofits as they are for corporate businesses, but the implementation of this idea needs to be modified a bit to make it work effectively in the nonprofit world. In this article, we will look at what a balanced scorecard is all about...
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...Mastering Research Papers Submitted by WWW.ASSIGNMENTPOINT.COM Research papers of any size are the bane of many students’ academic existence. They can be daunting, demanding, and stress-inducing. However, they are an important and essential element of higher learning. They both teach and test students’ ability to research, evaluate sources, think critically, organize their thoughts, and express them persuasively. And, approached the right way, they can be an extraordinarily enriching and rewarding exercise. Following are some strategies for writing better research papers, and for making the experience a more satisfying—and less agonizing—one. I will focus less on the mechanics (APA style, etc.) of writing a research paper, and more on what it takes mentally and emotionally to not only survive, but actually thrive, in the process of completing so demanding an assignment. (And let’s face it: you will have many across your academic career.) I rely here on not only what I have gleaned from over 35 years of grading university-level research papers, but also from my own ongoing research and writing. So, what works? Here are seven keys to mastering research papers: 1. There’s No Wasted Motion As I reflect back over my research career, beginning with my master’s thesis and doctoral dissertation, I am aware of having read many more books, articles, and other resources than I eventually ended up using in my final research manuscripts...
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...2011; Revised June 9, 2011; Accepted July 5, 2011 Monitoring Editor: Diane K. O’Dowd The C.R.E.A.T.E. (Consider, Read, Elucidate hypotheses, Analyze and interpret data, Think of the next Experiment) method uses intensive analysis of primary literature in the undergraduate classroom to demystify and humanize science. We have reported previously that the method improves students’ critical thinking and content integration abilities, while at the same time enhancing their self-reported understanding of “who does science, and why.” We report here the results of an assessment that addressed C.R.E.A.T.E. students’ attitudes about the nature of science, beliefs about learning, and confidence in their ability to read, analyze, and explain research articles. Using a Likert-style survey administered pre- and postcourse, we found significant changes in students’ confidence in their ability to read and analyze primary literature, self-assessed understanding of the nature of science, and epistemological beliefs (e.g., their sense of whether knowledge is certain and scientific talent innate). Thus, within a single semester, the inexpensive C.R.E.A.T.E. method can shift not just students’ analytical abilities and understanding of scientists as people, but...
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...The Reality of Quick Response (QR) in the Japanese Fashion Sector and the Strategy Ahead for the Domestic SME Apparel Manufacturers Nobby (Nobukaza) Azuma School of Management Heriot-Watt University UK E-mail: nobukaza@aol.com N.Azuma@hw.ac.uk Fax: +44-(0) 131-451-3498 Abstract Quick Response (QR) has long been perceived as the essential survival strategy of the textile and apparel (T-A) manufacturers in the developed economies against offshore competition. However, the regionalization of global economies and active governmental investment in the T-A industry in the offshore countries has allowed the offshore QR to become increasingly feasible. This changing facet of QR may spell out more lucrative opportunities for Japanese "apparel firms", which have predominantly in-house creative and marketing functions, to widen the scope and the scale of their fashion business operations, since the economic upgrading in the Pacific Rim will create a huge consumer market that shares similar fashion trends as in the Japanese market. However, the apparel firms' production shift offshore has, on the other hand, threatened the existence of the domestic SME apparel manufacturers that have traditionally served their apparel firms customers, now that QR is no longer the sustainable competitive advantage of domestic manufacturing. The purpose of this paper is to explore the levels of QR implementation, identifying the potential pitfalls and drawbacks of the current QR initiatives in the Japanese...
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...TOPIC: Does Using Colored Paper Improve Learning or Academic Performance? RELATED STUDIES/LITERATURES: In the study entitled “A Study of the Effect of Paper Color on Test Performance in Business Communication” (2009) by Janet K. Winter and Esther J. Winter of University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg stated that, Color has been shown to affect mood and productivity in a variety of different situations. This study evaluated the performance of students in readiness-assessment quizzes in business communication classes, comparing the grades of students whose test papers were white with grades of students who received pastel-colored test papers. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between the two groups. Other research suggests that color may, however, have an effect in other situations [1]. Mehta and Zhu (2009) have published studies that they claim clarify how red and blue differently affect performance on detail-oriented versus creative tasks with strong implications for test preparation and testing formats [2]. According to Sinclair (1998), students taking exams on blue and red paper performed more effectively on blue, especially for complex questions [3]. Whitfield and Wiltshire, in their critical review of the field, discounted the work done before 1950 because it didn’t consider even the three basic components of color (hue, value, and chrome). They also identified flaws in most subsequent research: inconsistencies in the terminology used by...
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...perspective, with attention to research-based behavioral science. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: · University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. · Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Carpenter, S., & Huffman, K. (2010). Visualizing psychology (2nd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Introduction to Psychology Details Due Points Objectives 1.1 Describe the development of the discipline of psychology. 1.2 Compare and contrast research methods used to examine psychological phenomena. 1.3 Explain biological influences on the human brain. Readings Read Ch. 1 & 2 of Visualizing Psychology. Review this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Participation Participate in class discussion. 1 Discussion Questions Respond to weekly discussion questions. 1 Individual Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet Complete the Origins of Psychology and Research Methods Worksheet located...
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...ARTICLE 1: TITLE: Advertiser satisfaction with advertising agency creative product. NEEDS: The purpose of the paper is to explore the satisfaction response in the context of an applied creative, business-to-business, professional service – that of advertiser satisfaction with agency creative services. OBJECTIVES: CSD is a much-discussed but still controversial concept. Oliver (1997) offered the following definition:the consumer’s fulfillment response. It is a judgement that a product or service feature, or the product or service itself, provided (or is providing) a pleasurable level of consumption – related fulfilment, including levels of under- or over fulfilment.The disconfirmation paradigm has been researched extensively with regard to consumer goods and services (Bolton and Drew, Brown and Swartz, Oliver, Tse and Wilton. It was more recently applied to B2B services (Nowak and Washburn; Patterson. With regard to the basic disconfirmation model, Oliver concluded that “ the model has been able to adequately account for one major mechanism (disconfirmation) by which consumers form satisfaction judgements”. Oliver describes disconfirmation as “discrepancy from standard”, in either a positive or negative direction. The basic disconfirmation model comprises variables including expectations, (perceived) performance, disconfirmation. FINDINGS: Findings from the in-depth interviews concerning the structure of advertiser expectations have already...
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...Michelle and Harper A. Roehm(2013They did a study on consumer responses aroused by advertising techniques. Study Further explained the three ways of humor in advertisement: mockery, perceived truth and playful humor. The Results of three studies indicated that parodic ads can produce positive as well as negative outcomes across these attitudinal variables. The methodology used was Random sampling data was collected from various people to know the Perceptions of mockery, perceived truth and playful humor in a parodic ad and whether it will positively relate to attitude toward the parodic ad or negatively relate to the attitude toward ads including parody. The results showed that parodies can generally be beneficial in building attitudes toward a parodic ad. The combination of all these types of humor mockery, perceived truth and playful humor can result in positive responses. Andreea-Ioana Maniu, Monica-Maria and Zaharie(2014) the purpose of study was to analyze how creativity is used in new advertising ways among university students role. The paper outlines the...
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