Essay 1 The biggest issue causing hesitance in rape victims’ openness about their experience is the shame and humiliation that comes with it. They were taken advantage of, causing extreme psychological damage; and it is often very hard for a victim to come to terms with the rape. Another factor on top of this is that often victims think they will possibly be blamed or disbelieved when they come forward. These unfortunate circumstances cause many rape victims’ hesitance in coming forward about their victimization. Another major problem for many rape victims these days is the mass media sensationalism surrounding the crime. Having your face as the victim of a rape plastered all over many news stations is far from appealing and thus many victims may choose to hide in their shame rather than report the crime. However, not all cases are covered by the media and may not have the “celebrity” status that those covered by the media do. There is still however one major constituent in rape victims’ hesitance to come forward – actually facing their rapist. To bring a rapist to justice in the American justice system, one must go through the necessary legal trials and this process generally takes years. Throughout this time, the victim of the rape will have exposed him or herself to the rapist. And, in the end the victim will have to look their rapist in the eyes as they point them out in court. Rape is taken extremely personally by victims, and they fear their assailant holds the same personal vendetta. I believe a way to improve the reporting of rapes would first be a majorly concerted effort to protect any rape victims with the utmost of care. They were damaged both physically and emotionally and are very fragile cases. Law enforcement must ensure these victims know that when they come forward they will be welcome with open hands, open minds, and that their assailant will be brought to justice. If there is any reason whatsoever for these men or women who have experienced this horrible injustice to believe their assailant may go free, they will not come forward. Along with this effort to provide the utmost care and assurance for victims, law enforcement must do everything in their effort to keep any media sensationalism at a minimum. It is absolutely embarrassing and demeaning to have your image seen by millions across the nation as being the victim of a rape. Thus, the police must use their internal power to keep any media reporting of the rape at bay. If they are able to minimize the amount of media sensationalism behind a rape then many more victims will be willing to come forward about their rape. I believe these two methods of increasing the reporting rate of rapes will work very well together. Many victims will ultimately still be scared and hesitant to come forward. However, if they are assured that they will be cared for and not plastered all over the media as a victim many more will report their experience.

Essay 2
A
A main form of regulation in between self-regulation and criminal action is auditing. Without auditing, a company can run almost unchecked. Theoretically it could cook its books and report bloated profits, much alike Enron and Worldcom did about ten years ago. This leads to a massive meltdown and widespread panic throughout the economy. It is thus why third party audits are absolutely necessary. Companies are always audited internally by their own team of hired auditors, however there must always be a third party unbiased opinion. Usually, a company’s own internal auditors are receiving funds from the company and are thus less inclined to report a problem in the company’s balance sheet. However a third party auditor has no bias and will therefore uncover any problems in the company’s balance sheets. And, if they are reporting any liabilities secretly as assets or covering massive amounts of debt it will be revealed. In addition to third party auditing, investigations by the SEC and other regulatory agencies must be more thorough. Though they sometimes face a lack of available employees, they must do anything in their power to wholly investigate these companies. As we have witnessed in 2008, if they are able to conceal their toxic investments for long enough, the impacts are absolutely devastating. If both third party auditing and more intensive regulatory investigation are employed together, corporate and organizational crime will undoubtedly decrease. Companies will have no means of hiding their debts and therefore will therefore have no means to overly inflate their market value for their gain.
B
One major problem faced by researchers attempting to research corporate and organizational crime is the sophistication and secrecy it is carried out in. Generally, these crimes are perpetrated by some of the smartest CEOs and CFOs in our nation and therefore are very hard to catch to the untrained and unassuming eye. Adding onto this sophistication is the amount of secrecy in corporate crime. More often than not only a few top managers in the company have any knowledge of the ongoing crime and are therefore able to shroud it from the public. If people working in the organization lower down than the managers have no idea, then it only makes sense the public who are not involved have no idea of the crime. Additionally, a large number of these crimes go entirely unreported, causing a huge dark figure for corporate crimes. Usually, both parties will win in a white collar crime scenario and thus it is never reported. Only when they are exposed to be fraudulent or illegal does the truth come to light and this is usually deep into the scheme. I believe that more stringent regulation into these companies will be able to provide researchers will more material to study. More stringent regulation will root out these issues and identify them from their early beginnings. Thus, researchers will be able to see the beginning causes of these corporate crimes and maybe even obtain a viewpoint into the psyche of the perpetrator of corporate crime – answering questions like why they did it and how they deceived shareholders and the public alike.
C
The concepts of freedom and liberty have been extremely hindered in the United States ever since the implementation of the Patriot Act. We truly have a “big brother” watching over us, and it is extremely uncomforting to know the majority of our communication media (e-mails, telephone calls, text messages) are being listened to. However, at the same time it is understandable we must do everything we can to combat terrorism after the terrible consequences of September 11th and other worldwide tragedies since then. The US Government must walk a very fine line in trying to combat terrorism and protect our national security and liberties at the same time. I personally believe that this surveillance is a necessary evil in the world we live in nowadays. The ability to communicate with anyone at any given time is a blessing, however when used for ill will can be extremely dangerous. Terror groups are nowadays able to spread their message on the wide web and recruit followers at a speed never seen before. And their ability to acquire dangerous weapons from raw materials easily accessible is frightening. Thus, our government must be able to keep tabs on these organizations and watch them every step of the way. One way of their doing so was the PRISM surveillance program, which was revealed by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden. In doing so, the government does invade our civil liberties that are promised to us as a part of our Bill of Rights. However, people must understand the greater good is more important than their personal privacy sometimes. It is unnerving to think that the government could’ve heard that call you made to your girlfriend or seen those embarrassing photos you sent to a friend in an email. However, nothing will ever come of these scenarios as long as everything that occurred was lawful. People have nothing to fear if they have done nothing wrong. One thing that the government does need to show though is the effectiveness of this extensive surveillance program. Since their inception, they have not really shown any ways they have been able to shut down terror groups. If the government wants to gain the widespread support of the American citizens, the support they desire, they must show that their surveillance is actually stopping terrorism. Until then, they will still to give off the scary 1984 big brother vibe they do now. Some people consider Edward Snowden a martyr for his actions in uncovering PRISM, and some consider him an absolute traitor and want to subject him to treason charges for his involvement. I personally believe that Edward Snowden is respectable for revealing the extent of these surveillance programs however he truly endangered our government’s ability to catch terror groups in doing so. Now that everybody worldwide knows our communication channels are highly monitored they will think twice before engaging in any activity openly over unencrypted channels. If he ever returns from asylum in foreign countries, I do believe Snowden should be held accountable for the utmost of his charges in court. He needs to pay for committing treason against the US government, no matter what way someone chooses to look at it.