...1 . Sensation and perception are closely linked. What is the central distinction between the two? Sensations can be defined as the passive process of bringing information from the outside world into the body and to the brain. The process is passive in the sense that we do not have to be consciously engaging in a "sensing" process. Perception can be defined as the active process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting the information brought to the brain by the senses. 2 . If we sensed and attended equally to each stimulus in the world, the amount of information would be overwhelming. What sensory and perceptual processes help us lessen the din? Perceptions vary from person to person. Different people perceive different things about the same situation. But more than that, we assign different meanings to what we perceive. And the meanings might change for a certain person. One might change one's perspective or simply make things mean something else. You would also use vision to observe different people who were having a conversation as well as listening to observe all the conversation taking place. 4. What senses would likely be impaired if a person were somehow missing all of the apparatus of the ear (including the outer, middle, and inner ear)? Sight and balance would be thrown off if the apparatus of the ear were missing. We use sound to help us decide what we need to look at. If we hear a sudden noise we immediately look for the...
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...learners we are encouraged daily to look closely at the world around us and to try to understand it through an alert kind of critical thinking, but we are also persuaded to stand outside of this process and reflect on different assumptions, implications and methodologies involved in our relationship to and understanding of the world around us. These processes reconcile the need for creative and critical thinking because both are useful in forming a genuine understanding of the objective world, our relationship to each other and the actual knowledge process used for both. Therefore the question arises for college students which kind of thinking may be prioritized over the other when trying to make sound, valid and “true” claims. As a college learner I understand the process of generating knowledge to occur in both an individual and communal context, therefore different perspectives have to be assessed to arrive at objective truth. When assessing the need for interaction between critical and creative thought in generating knowledge, different perspectives arrive at different answers. For example, one common conception of critical thinking puts it above creative thinking in fundamental ways, asserting that creative thinking is secondary to critical. Another perspective holds that creative thinking sustains any other kind of philosophizing, because this mode of thinking brings into creation the very systems of thought used in the others kinds of philosophizing. I would argue that neither...
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...Different Styles of Critical Thinking and Decision Making Charles Cunningham, Stacy Graham, Daniel Kaelin, Tresha Yarberry, MGT/350 August 22, 2011 Hank Reeves Different Styles of Critical Thinking and Decision Making Logical thinking, scientific thinking, creative thinking, and optimistic thinking are a few of the different thinking styles used for critical thinking. A person has to know what type of problem he or she is dealing with to know what type of critical thinking style he or she would need to use. Knowing the difference of these four critical thinking styles will help people use critical thinking better. Logical Thinking Philosophy defines logic as the study of the essential truths and methodical methods for clearly expressing and thoroughly representing such truths (Jones, 1995). Logical thinking relates to the consistency of the facts and the validity of arguments. Critical thinking most closely resembles the logical thinking style in the rawest form as it should be unbiased and only influenced by proven factual information. Logic looks to common sense to determine the best action to take based on the desired outcome. The scientific thinking style is the most similar to the logical thinking style because it is based on valid arguments for taking a certain action. It rules out emotional thinking because it is biased and influenced by what is wanted by the parties involved. Dan’s company uses a software program for procurement functions...
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... |Creative Minds and Critical Thinking | Copyright © 2009, 2005 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description In this course, students will analyze the thinking process from a critical and creative perspective. The lives of prominent creative thinkers will be examined to identify the social, historical, psychological, and cultural elements that influenced their development. The salient aspects of creativity will be assessed along with the relationship between creativity and critical thinking. Students will apply critical thinking skills to contemporary creative and scientific thought. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Ruggiero, V. R. (2009). The art of thinking: A guide to...
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...Syllabus College of Humanities PHL/458 Version 2 Creative Minds and Critical Thinking Copyright © 2009, 2005 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description In this course, students will analyze the thinking process from a critical and creative perspective. The lives of prominent creative thinkers will be examined to identify the social, historical, psychological, and cultural elements that influenced their development. The salient aspects of creativity will be assessed along with the relationship between creativity and critical thinking. Students will apply critical thinking skills to contemporary creative and scientific thought. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Ruggiero, V. R. (2009). The art of thinking: A guide to critical and creative thought (9th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Longman. All electronic materials are available on the student...
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...different types of thinking and comment on how each effects the critical thinking process Logical Creative Optimistic Creative and logical-- Critical thinking and decision making is the process to find the truth. An important aspect of thinking is the process that relies on the ability to coordinate and structure our ideas so that they make sense. Training our mind to use the critical thinking process gives people a better understanding of the information. This paper will discuss the three different thinking styles. It will also compare and contrast logical style, persuasive style, and creative style. Critical thinking will be applied to the decision making process by using work environment examples. The logical style of thinking is a complex process in which reasoning is used to come to a conclusion. This style involves a sequence of steps or thoughts used to solve a problem. According to Kirby and Goodpaster (2007), along with creative thought, inductive and deductive logic comprise the bedrock and substance of all our thinking. Using the two major elements of logical thinking, deductive and inductive reasoning, solutions can be tested with tried and true methods. This style is very distinct and follows a more structured and analytical path using proven methods in order to reach the conclusions. When comparing logical thinking to the creative and persuasive styles of thinking, all three require detailed processes to reach conclusions. With the creative style, the conclusions...
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...Thinking and Decision-Making Thinking and making decisions are functions of human brain activity. People think every day about what time to set the alarm to what is on the supper table. A few parts of thinking take place and most people do not realize the process, which the brain goes through when making decisions. Critical thinking is a process, which people break down to find solutions to problems and issues. Normally, in the workplace, one will find that diverse thinking styles exist for complex situations more often than in daily life. Three styles of thinking in the discussion below are creative, persuasive, and logical thinking (Kirby & Goodpaster, 2007). Logical Thinking Thinking logically is a skill that the American workforce consistently uses to bring about an end to issues. Logical thinking comes from two forms of reasoning called deductive and inductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning observes situations and forms conclusions but does not ensure certainty (Kirby & Goodpaster, 2007). Deductive reasoning accepts premises and settles on logical conclusions based on evidence from the premise (Kirby & Goodpaster, 2007). This reasoning takes place in the human mind because it is taught from the formal rules of logic, and is popular thinking among critical thinkers. According to the Journal of Healthcare Management, “Individuals can implement several strategies to improve their strategic thinking ability, including deliberately incorporating the requisite experiences...
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...Critical and Creative Thinking in Professional Development Analysis Using critical thinking was not an easy task for Nancy Yates in a professional career and personal life. The writer believes in a professional workplace the rules and regulations in place and the need to survive to take care of her family was the motivation to learn and apply critical thinking. The job held workers to a code of standard. For instance as a human service representative, obeying HIPPA laws are essential. If the rules are violated, the action of termination or possibility of criminal charges maybe the consequences. Also the workplace will constantly require workers to participate in in-service courses. As the writer matured, she applied the same knowledge retain in the workplace to her personal life. Together critical thinking has enhance her ability to excel in leadership and relate to the public. For instance understanding different cultures code of standards. If a client is reacting to a situation that may seem reckless, it is best to listen and then respond in a correct manner. This technique the writer applied at home and received similar results. Critical thinking as no bearing on a person intelligence, social economic standards, or public perception; however, it respectful obtaining how to achieve the best outcome for the situation. Last year my school district started the implementation of common core standards. The staff was given a set of rules that they had to apply when...
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...Splash Media, 2 years ago Thanks for sharing Zaid. Your presentation played a key part in a video about critical thinking that I just published. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-85-j7Nr9i4 chuchad at chuchad, 2 years ago Thank you for sharing. This presentation is very useful. ommeone 2 years ago Thank you for sharing the great ideas of critical thinking. It really helps me on doing my thesis. Patti Waterbury, Founder/President at Creative Growth Strategies, Inc., 2 years ago Thank you for sharing...excellent content. Comments 1 - 10 of 21 comments next Embed Video Subscribe to comments Post Comment Speaker Notes on slide 28 98 Favorites Karori International Ventures Limited at Karori International Ventures Limited, 1 month ago Tags creative thinking Greg Williams, instructional designer, eLearning developer, professor, trainer, consultant at University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1 month ago Wagner Rezende, Professor at UFG, 2 months ago osupa01 3 months ago Monica Giovanovich, capacitacion, comunicacion, recursos humanos at Independiente, 4 months ago asaito 6 months ago Tags critical thinking weme 6 months ago chiggsy 6 months ago celestwoo 8 months ago Shashidhar Venkatesh Murthy, Associate Professor & Head of Pathology at School of Medicine, James Cook University QLD 4811 AUSTRALIA, 8 months ago more Introduction to Critical Thinking -...
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...Thinking & Decision Making Paper Tommie Carter, Theresa Gately, George Miladinovic and Sharon Romine MGT/350 December 17, 2012 Lisa Stewart Thinking & Decision Making Paper In everyday life, all individuals are thinking. To be a critical thinker, an individual must be in control of their thinking. Critical thinking is when an individual improves their mode of thinking by analyzing, assessing and reconstruction of their thoughts. It gives individuals the ability to build upon their knowledge, opinions, and ideas. Critical thinking lets individuals take information and make informed decisions without being influenced by their own opinions. It causes you to raise questions and problems, and then, solve them clearly and precisely. Critical thinkers research and re-evaluate their solutions to find the one that will be the best fit. There are many different types of thinking. Each type affects the process of critical thinking differently. This paper will discuss the thinking types of creative, inductive and emotional. It will also explore in depth the similarities and differences of these types of thinking and how each type affects the critical thinking process. Creative thinking is defined as taking the elements presented during a problem while planning, and utilizing them to the best of your ability. Creativity is bringing in something which did not exist before. Creative thinking is using your thoughts to change the way that someone else looks at something...
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...Critical and Creative Thinking Critical and creative thinking involves logically reasoning that coincides with creating something new or original (Teacher Tap, e.d.). As a society, each person uses critical and creative thinking when making decision pertaining to their well-being or geared toward others. Making a decision involves the process of using comparison, analogies, past experiences, and brainstorming. Rather a individual is finding a resolution to a issue, making a purchase, or deciding on personal endeavors, critical and creative thinking allows to find a better process to reach the best outcome. Using Critical and Creative Thinking Within my last employment, there was a sexual harassment case involving an employee I supervised and the Employee Relation Officer. My involvement in this case was not only being her supervisor, I was witness and included as one of the complainants. I had to manage three different roles within this investigation and maintain the productivity of the working environment, in addition managing the staff. There were two investigations conducted at the same time a sexual harassment case and a workplace harassment complaint. The second case was filed against the director of the department by the same employee under my management. The dual investigations took over two years, in the process this cause a hardship on the employees in the department, low morale and attendance, and less productivity. I had to make a decision on how to...
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...Thinking and Decision Making Thinking incorporates an individual’s thoughts through a process of carefully evaluating decisions so that a conclusion can be determined. Decision-making additionally involves implementing the proper steps so that the individual will reach his or her goals by making the right choices. The purpose of this paper is to present various concepts of different thinking styles. The thinking styles that will be discussed are emotionally, logically, creative, realistic, optimistically, pessimistically, divergently, and scientific style. Additionally, the following will discuss how to compare and contrast the three different types of thinking and comment on how each affects the critical-thinking process. Finally, the following will provide critical thinking to the decision-making process by discussing workplace examples that highlight each of the three different types of thinking. Logically Style Logical thinking is a style in which an individual feels that everyone should be thinking the same way as they do. Thinking logically can be either inductive or deductive. “Deductive thinking is the kind of reasoning that begins with two or more premises and derives a conclusion that must follow from those premises, a conclusion that is in fact contained or hidden in those very premises” (Kirby & Goodpaster, 2007, p. 156). “Inductive reasoning usually begins with a set of evidence or observations about some members of a class, or about some events” (Kirby & Goodpaster...
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...Critical Thinking and a Democratic Society The definition of an informed citizen is having sufficient and sufficiently reliable information or knowledge to be able to understand a subject or situation and make appropriate judgments or decisions regarding it. Meaning, to understand something fully you need to be properly informed. You cannot make an educated guess on most problems or issues. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concept of Critical thinking and Creative thinking in a Democratic Society .The requirements to become a better critical thinker stems from a realization that complexity, uncertainty, and ambiguity of a person characteristic of their current environment. Most of the material about critical thinking derives from philosophy, education, and psychology. There are, however, competing schools of thought on what critical thinking is and how to best develop it. In most cases a multidisciplinary assessment of a topic leads to a richer body of research, however, in the case of critical thinking it seems to have led to competing and incomplete views of the topic. Critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skills or strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. It is used to describe thinking that is purposeful, reasoned, and goal directed. Critical thinking is a purposeful, directed thought. It is not easy, as it requires explicit mental energy. The great majority of the decisions and issues we face throughout the day do not...
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...following set of Discussion Questions has been proposed for use in this class. In almost all cases, these will be the Discussion Questions used throughout the weeks of class. However, please make sure you read the question as posted in the Main Forum and respond appropriately. Week One Discussion Questions • What do you think is the difference between thinking and critical thinking? Why? • According to the text, good thinking is a habit. Which bad habits to you think hinder your ability to be a good thinker? Why? • What is active listening? How do you think active listening is related to critical thinking? • There are predictable stages through which every critical thinker must pass. Under what circumstances might one regress from one stage to a previous one? In your current stage of development as a critical thinker, have you progressed or regressed to this stage? • Review the following Elder and Paul articles in this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings: o “Critical Thinking: Nine Strategies for Everyday Life, Part I” o “Critical Thinking: Nine Strategies for Everyday Life, Part II” Choose one of the nine strategies. How might you apply it in your life to be a better student? Week Two Discussion Questions • Select three habits that hinder thinking from those discussed in Ch. 3 of The Art of Thinking. How have you struggled with these habits in the past? What can you do to overcome these habits and improve your thinking? • Even though life...
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...Critical Thinking University Of Phoenix Mgt 350 March 25, 2008 Critical Thinking Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reasons, depth, breadth, and fairness. It entails the examination of those structures or elements of thought implicit in all reasoning: purpose, problem, or question-at-issue, assumptions, concepts, empirical grounding; reasoning leading to conclusions, implications and consequences, objections from alternative viewpoints, and frame of reference. Critical thinking in being responsive to variable subject matter, issues, and purposes is incorporated in a family of interwoven modes of thinking, among them: scientific thinking, mathematical thinking, historical thinking, anthropological thinking, economic thinking, moral thinking, and philosophical thinking. I work for a company that manages properties (Timeshare Industry), on the first week of my employment; I was asked to evaluate the goal of improving the property’s competitiveness in the marketplace...
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