...The movies I have chosen to study are Crash and Boyz-n-the Hood. In both these films I had found numerous forms of the critical race theory in the form of the essentialism philosophy. Essentialism philosophy is the reducing of the experience of a category, gender or race, to the experience of one sub-group . Basically, all oppressed people share the commonality of oppression. However, that oppression varies by gender, class, race, etc., so the aims and strategies will differ for each of these groups. I chose these films because of this portion of the critical race theory. Its interesting how no matter what race or gender one is, they could still be facing some sort of the same oppression. These films are also very representative of both the past and present day California. Situations in both films can be seen directly around us. Crash takes aim at a wide range of essentialism philosophy in that it deals with a string of different situations and racial prejudices. It ranges from typical white on black racism, to more strange indian on mexican stereotyping. Throughout the film we can see how everyday situations had become racial prejudices. In the movie Boyz-N-the Hood it is mostly directed towards black racism, but it is interesting because a good number of the racism is done by blacks on blacks. This was very interesting to me. At the time when this film was made, essentialism philosophy of the CRT was very prominent in the LA area, especially with the gangs. One...
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...Critical social theorists have a desire to influence and change social problems occurring in society and inform disciplines including human services practice, and guide practitioners through critical social theories to explain and understand social phenomenon (Chenoweth & McAuliffe, 2015, p. 130). Past sociological theories were created in a different era where Eurocentric ideologies were favoured to explain social issues and inform human services practice. However, since progression of evolution, globalisation and racial activism, theorists are presenting new social theories to inform disciplines of new developments and applying these theories to social problems. Critical race theory (CRT), acts to provoke change from macro structures by advocating...
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...Critical Race Theory Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Introduction Education keys an integral part of having modernized and independent societies. Most of the challenges that we face can be solved through the acquisition of quality education that creates. Ancient civilizations valued education and information sharing that helped them sustain their growth and dominance among peers. Today, education is the most valued entity that people strive to get. It takes an average child a minimum of 12 years to go through a satisfactory level of teaching. This kind of teachings is key to positioning them to fit into the present-day demands of the labor market and interactive spheres. The quest for quality education has been on the rise in...
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...Critical Race Theory, or CRT, analyzes the affect racism has on culture and society. CRT examines appearance and race dominance through out cultures and how it affects individuals of different races. Analyzing a literary work from a Critical Race perspective explores the ideas of racism in an attempt to understand what social and cultural forces causes racism. I chose to analyze John Edgar Wideman’s short story Little Brother from a race theory standpoint because of the presence of racial slurs in the literary work. The short story, which is told entirely in the form of dialogue, is about a family who grew up in the same house for most of their lives and although they are not all still in that home stays very close. The story is a conversation between two sisters, which contains mostly small talk between the two about the family. The portion that caught...
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...GLOBAL SCAPES Ethnoscape 1. Unfortunately for Anthony being a drug dealer seems to be a family cycle. His father was a drug dealer and out of his life, and now Anthony, a father who a little girl, will be absent from her life because he became a drug dealer. 2. In low income communities drug dealers were looked up as role models in the community. The children looked up to them and wanted to be them. It seemed that these kids didn’t have many people who cared about them and these drug dealers “took care” of them. 3. There are more African-Americans in prison now than they were enslaved in the late 1800’s. African-Americans are disaportionate in jails, especially since only 13% of crack users are African-Americans. Financescape 1. One women stated that surviving meant selling drugs. She didn’t have a choice; and explained how sometimes no one has a choice. Judges and cops bought it. It was easy to sell, and this was her way of living. 2. Anthony’s father sold drugs to maintain a type of lifestyle he wanted. When he was growing up the neighborhood drug dealer got people the shoes they wanted, the kids got ice cream, candy, movie tickets, etc. Then the drug dealer taught them how to sell drugs and get their own money. 3. After prisoners who went to jail get out from drug related charges they need to make some kind of money to live. Automatically they cannot go to school because of the cost and they are ineligible for grants. They also cannot...
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...My Journey As time progresses we must understand our paths that lie before us. To some of us we need to be able to find a full grasp on our lives. With each passing step, we as people try to grasp not only our social identity, but also our own personal identity that plagues within our very souls. High school is not the best place to find yourself, however college is supposed to help you find out who you are as a person. As each year passes us by while in college we can find ourselves even more. Hopefully, one day we will be comfortable with who we are as a person. Self-Identify There are two different theories that could play into factor as we try to find ourselves. Critical race theory (does apply because the LGBTQ community is defined...
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...Critical Theory concerns conflicting logics- a social concern versus a language one. In the pathways of developments in theory, there are two diverging points- one, the obsession with language, communication systems and, two the focus on social construction. On one hand, Critical Theory of society emerged to deal with those aspects of social reality which Marx and his followers downplayed and neglected. It takes a specialized sense, describing the work of the Frankfurt School. On the other hand, it is concerned with the dominance of language to explain all phenomena. The term ‘Critical Theory’ was coined in 1930s. The concept of language and culture being linked has been discussed for a long period. However, in the twentieth century, Critical theory marks a linguistic turn; a whole new approach to language, literature and interpretation. During this period one witnessed the rise of an astonishing number of theories that used language as a basis for thinking about every kind of human experience. There were ‘new’ ways of looking at psychology, sexuality, philosophy, politics, technology— and, of course, literature. The major theories that spawned in critical theory ranged from formalism, structuralism, semiotics, psychoanalysis, and deconstruction, to the responses and critiques posed by race and gender theory, cultural studies, post colonialism, and new media. At the very crux of literary theory is language. Books are made of language; the question 20th century critical theory...
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...consciously coordinated social entity with distinct boundaries which functions to achieve goals. It has an activity system linked to the external environment (it does not exist alone). An organization consists of people, things, knowledge and technologies. Modernists’ assumption of reality is objectivism and view organizations are real entities which exist in the objective world. Organizations are viewed as real entities driven by rationality to achieve efficiency and organizational objectives/goals. When organizations are well-managed, they are systems of decision and action driven by norms of rationality, efficiency and effectiveness for stated purposes. Similar to modernists, critical theorists’ ontology is also objectivism, and organizations are real entities which exist in the objective world. However, critical theorists view organizations as objects used by capitalists for the exploitation and alienation of workers and the environment. Symbolic interpretivists believe that reality is subjective, and only exists if we give meaning to it. As such, organizations are socially constructed realities which are constructed and reconstructed by their members through symbolically mediated interaction. Without its members giving meaning to it, an organization does not exist. Postmodernists suggest that reality is constructed through language and discourse. Organizations are ‘imagined’ entities whereby power and social arrangements are reinforced through language and discourse. C....
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...article provides a brief synopsis on one of the domains of the legal studies, known as the critical legal studies. By the term “legal”, it is evident that the concerned domain is related to a theory or a movement, which is established upon law, official or accepted rules and regulations. The discipline of legal studies comprises of the decrees, which are formulated in order to maintain the regime in the country and eliminate the traces of injustice. However, the politicians to sustain their chain of command may also use them. The nitty-gritty of the Critical Legal Studies (CLS) movement was brought into being in the year 1960 on the occasion of the participation of individuals in the social policy that was meant to achieve goals through direct or militant action during the Vietnamese War. The erudite scholars of the following era had begun employing diversified theories to the field of law and made enormous contribution in reshaping the discipline of legal studies. However, the legitimate appearance of the legal studies movement was observed in the year 1977 at a conference being held at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The CLS movements were on an increase during 1980s in the United States. However, the British or the European CLS did not succeed in gaining its aimed targets except for the Finnish international lawyer Martti Koskenniemi, who had played a significant role in the Critical Legal Studies campaigns. Some of the other remarkable scholars and theorists who contributed...
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...De La Salle – College of Saint Benilde Taft Avenue, Malate, Manila Feminism and International Relations Submitted by: BALIGOD, Katrina Angelica A. LS201 Submitted to: Sir. Francisco Noel Fernandez III 20 October 2014 I. Introduction Hans J. Morgenthau, one of the leading proponents of the approach known as Realism (also known as power politics), claims that universal standards of morality cannot be an constant guide to IR because there is an "ineluctable tension between the moral command and the requirements of successful political action." He argues that state actors must think and act in terms of power and must do whatever it takes to defend the national interests of their state. J. Ann Tickner, commenting on the primacy of power in Morgenthau's writings, explains that what he considers to be "a realistic description of international politics is only a picture of the past and therefore not a prediction about the future", and proposes what she considers to be a feminist alternative: a world in which state actors think of power in terms of collective empowerment, not in terms of domination over one another, could produce more cooperative outcomes and pose fewer conflicts between the dictates of morality and the power of self-interest (Art & Jervis, 2005). Emergence of Feminism Most of the early feminists in IR were IR theorists, researchers, and policy practitioners, who read syllabi full of scholarly articles by mainly or only men, and seen IR as a scholarly place...
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...Research on technology and teacher education: current status and future directions. Author: Willis, Jerry.; Thompson, Ann. Sadera, William. Source: Educational Technology Research and Development v. 47 no4 (1999) p. 29-45 ISSN: 1042-1629 Number: BEDI00000113 Copyright: The magazine publisher is the copyright holder of this article and it is reproduced with permission. Further reproduction of this article in violation of the copyright is prohibited. [pic] Much of the field we call educational technology has links that go back for almost a hundred years, at least to the museum movement in the early part of the 20th century. The museum movement and the success of training and development work during the two world wars were major factors in the development of the field. Educational technology flourished in the 1950s and continues to play an important role in many colleges of education. The particular subdiscipline of educational technology we will explore in this paper does not have a long history. Information technology and teacher education (ITTE) is now a scholarly and professional discipline, but it has only recently become so. During the 1970s and early 1980s, while most educational technology programs continued to emphasize more traditional concepts and skills such as the systematic design and development of instructional materials, a separate group of graduate programs emerged that provided some of the foundations for ITTE. These programs, usually at the master's level...
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...Introduction Organization theory is the study of organizations to identify problem solving technics, increase productivity and achieving the goals of stakeholders. There are four perspectives of organization theory namely modern, symbolic-interpretive, critical and postmodern perspectives. In this essay, we will look into organizations from a modern and critical perspective and through it; develop an in-depth understanding of a detailed analysis on how power, control and resistance play a part in an organization. In comparison to the two chosen perspectives, we will spot its similarities and differences by doing a compare and contrast analysis. The fundamentals of this will help us apply the perspectives and theory to Apple and its organizational environment. Theoretical Framework In order for us to do a comparison of the perspectives, we need to study the differences between epistemology and ontology to help us understand the modernism ways better. Ontology is concerned with what we perceived reality to be. Our assumption will decide on the subjects to be treated as real while disregarding others. These assumptions on whether or not a particular phenomenon exists or if it is just an illusion stirs debates between those who have conflicting perspectives. On the other hand, epistemology is concerned with knowledge that we are able to attain. The answers an epistemologist would want to derive from are are: how we as humans obtain the knowledge, how we differentiate between...
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...Senior English Curriculum Map: 2010-2011 School Year English IV * Note: “Sacred Book List” Addendum is at the end of this document Quarter #1 August 23 to October 22 Essential Questions: 1. How do writers and artists organize or construct text to convey meaning? 2. What does it mean to be a stranger in the village? Unit Goals 1. To understand the relationship between perspective and critical theory. 2. To apply critical theories to various texts studied and created. 3. To control and manipulate textual elements in writing to clearly and effectively convey a controlling idea or thesis. Student Published Portfolios: For each of the first three quarters, students are required to complete three to four published writing portfolio products. Quarter 4 is devoted to completion of the Laureate Research Project. . Pacing: This map is one suggestion for pacing. Springboard pacing guides precede each unit in the “About the Unit” sections and offers pacing on a 45-minute class period length. Prentice Hall Literature – Use selections from Prentice Hall throughout the quarter to reinforce the standards being taught as well as the embedded assessments within the SpringBoard curriculum. QUARTER #1 SpringBoard Curriculum Pacing Guide August 23 – October 22 Standards and Benchmarks | Unit Pacing Guide | SpringBoard Unit/Activities | Assessments | SpringBoard Unit 1Literature * The students will analyze and compare significant works of...
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...EXPERIMENTAL CINEMA SETTING A CONTRAST BETWEEN MARGINAL CINEMA AND MAINSTREAM CRITICAL THEORY MA –PG 1 TERM PAPER DEPARTMENT OF FILM STUDIES JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY The term third cinema has found its roots in the so called third world, which generally refers to the nations located in Africa, Latin America and Asia where historical encounter with colonial and imperial forces have shaped their political and economic power structure . at the same time it could be said that the third world is a kind of cinematic response to the first cinema (which conjures images of Hollywood movies , consumption and bourgeoisie values ) as well as second cinema (referring to “nouvelle vague” or the European arthouse filmmaking demonstrating aesthetic but not always political innovation).The reference to the concept of third cinema appeared for the first time in the Cuban film journal ,cine Cubano, (1969) in a report of an interview with members of the cine liberacion group .it was said at that point of time that there is a growing need for the development of a cinema of aggression .one that would put an end to the irrationality that has come before it. Thus beginning in the mid 50s and continuing up to the present these films have helped immensely in forging a sense of national identity and cultural autonomy . it would be interesting to know that at this point of time there was a development of film theory and critical methodology in the first world sectors. This development primarily took...
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...- social instability, alienation and a sense of purposelessness cause by a steady erosion of standards and values. apodictic truth - an imaginary concept of truth in which it is supposed that we know something with absolute certainty. To be an apodictic truth there must be no possibility of mistake commodification - the subordination of public and private realms to the logic of capitalism. In other words, things (e.g., friendship, women) are valued for their commercial value. With commodification aspects of our lives that are culturally conditioned take on the mythology of being "natural." critical reading - to read in a way that looks for fallacies and defects in the writing. It is to be contrasted with "reading generously." This distinction between generous and critical reading is analogous to a parallel distinction between generous and critical listening. critical theory - Although the term is sometimes used more broadly, in most contexts it refers to the school of thought represented by the "Frankfurt School," which is a school of thought that combines psychoanalysis and Marxism. deconstruction - A term that, for all practical purposes, was introduced in the literature by Derrida. It means to undermine the conceptual order imposed by a concept that has captivated our imaginations and ways of seeing things. (See Shawver, 1996) see "deconstruction quilt" discourse - sometimes this term refers to any kind of talk, but often it refers to particular unified ways...
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