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Critically Assess the Claim That All People Are Free to Make Moral Decisions. (35 Marks)

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Critically assess the claim that all people are free to make moral decisions. (35 marks)

Free will in making moral decisions is a much disputed topic. Many philosophers argue that there is no such thing as free will and everything is predetermined, while others dispute this and say that we have complete freedom to of what we wish. Doing as we wish is a key aspect of what defines free will. Hume defined liberty as ‘a power of acting or not acting, according to the determinations of the will’. This means that for a decision to be free, it must be solely of our own desires and not due to an external influence. Libertarianism is one theory that would agree with the claim that all humans are free to make moral decisions. Libertarianism is the idea that humans have complete free will. The Uncertainty principle, developed by Dr Heisenberg, discusses how the world and universe are unpredictable and indeterminable. This is used to back up libertarianism as we cannot know what is going to happen, when or where. Heisenberg also said that ‘ When we now the present precisely, we can predict the future’. However we do not know the present precisely and therefore anything could happen in the future which reinforces the idea of free will. In terms of making moral decisions, Libertarianism places moral responsibility upon the person who makes the decision. Nothing else but their own desires influences them, therefore only they can be held accountable, meaning that they must accept any blame or praise that comes about due to their decision. Hard determinism, on the other hand, is the idea that everything is determined for us and that there is no free will in our lives. Every decision that we appear to make, was always planned to be the decision we would make, based upon different factors, such as, our upbringing, genetics, and according to Isaac Newton, the laws of nature that

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