...Crown Cork & Seal in 1989 Teaching Note I introduce the class by remarking that John Connelly ran Crown Cork & Seal for over 30 years and followed essentially the same strategy for the entire period. The total return to shareholders over the 32-year period was just under 20% compounded. Now that Connelly has stepped down as CEO and given control to William Avery, is it finally time for a change? I begin by asking what are the key strategic issues facing Avery in the summer of 1989. Question 1. What are the key strategic issues that Avery needs to consider? What strategic options are open to him? Here I just want to develop the list and save the analysis of the issues until the end of class. The list of issues should include some of the following: (1) The old Continental Can is apparently for sale either in whole or in part. Should Avery consider bidding on some or all of the business? (2) Metal containers are very slow-growth and plastics is forecast to make significant inroads. Should Avery consider entering plastics? If so, in what segments, and should they build their capability or acquire someone? Who? (3) Expand the product line to a full line of metal containers, not so focused on beverage and aerosol? (4) Diversify into other packaging materials and product categories? (5) Diversify into other less-related businesses? (6) Exit, or sell the business? How should we go about addressing these issues? Presumably we should analyze the appropriateness...
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...Formulation and Implementation MBA 980 Spring, 2009 Professor Jay Dial Office 860 Fisher Hall Email dial.12@osu.edu Phone 292-5438 Reading packet There is a required reading packet available at Uniprint-Tuttle Park that includes course readings, cases and lecture notes for classroom discussion. This is copyrighted material and each student must purchase an individual copy of the reading packet. Additional highly recommended readings will be selected from Management Skills: A Jossey-Bass Reader (ISBN # 0-7879-7341-6). It is available from both BarnesandNoble.com and Amazon.com. Course Overview This course is about the creation and maintenance of long term value for the organization. It is concerned with both the determination of the strategic direction of the firm and the management of the strategic process. The course builds on prior studies of functional areas while recognizing that most real business problems are inherently multi-functional in nature. Thus, this course employs an explicitly integrative approach in which we adopt the role of the general manager who has the responsibility for the long-term health of the entire organization. The course would be taught primarily through the case method of instruction. Course Objectives 1. Understand the nature of strategic competitiveness and develop the ability to analyze the competitive environment facing a firm, assess the attractiveness of the industry and isolate potential sources of...
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...Formulation and Implementation MBA 980 Spring, 2009 Professor Jay Dial Office 860 Fisher Hall Email dial.12@osu.edu Phone 292-5438 Reading packet There is a required reading packet available at Uniprint-Tuttle Park that includes course readings, cases and lecture notes for classroom discussion. This is copyrighted material and each student must purchase an individual copy of the reading packet. Additional highly recommended readings will be selected from Management Skills: A Jossey-Bass Reader (ISBN # 0-7879-7341-6). It is available from both BarnesandNoble.com and Amazon.com. Course Overview This course is about the creation and maintenance of long term value for the organization. It is concerned with both the determination of the strategic direction of the firm and the management of the strategic process. The course builds on prior studies of functional areas while recognizing that most real business problems are inherently multi-functional in nature. Thus, this course employs an explicitly integrative approach in which we adopt the role of the general manager who has the responsibility for the long-term health of the entire organization. The course would be taught primarily through the case method of instruction. Course Objectives 1. Understand the nature of strategic competitiveness and develop the ability to analyze the competitive environment facing a firm, assess the attractiveness of the industry and isolate potential sources of...
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...Principles of Business Management Course Number: ACF 171 (4 units) Course Instructor: Inam ur Rahman Course Description: Principles of Business Management is an introduction to the process through which a business coordinates different activities, resources and people to reach its goals. It is designed to give students the basic intellectual tools and aptitudes they need to meet today's business challenges. This basic management course will provide understanding of different functional areas of management. The course explores the application of management theory to practical managerial challenges. These activities include planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling, and involve the effective utilization of the economic resources of land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship, and technology. Special attention will be given to social responsibilities, managerial ethics and importance of leadership in organization. Course Objectives: There are three core objectives of this course: firstly to establish what constitutes a business – different types of businesses and their impact; secondly to develop an understanding about "management" and its functional areas, such as, planning, organizing, leading and controlling; thirdly, to develop certain competencies (managerial skills) such as analyzing, thinking, organizing, communicating, reporting and decisions making skills etc. After successfully completing the requirements of this course, the students will...
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...Court Case Influential to Establishment of Law Importance of Law Workplace Application Civil Rights Act of 1964 “Prohibits discrimination in all employment decisions on basis of race, religion, ethnicity, sex, and national origin.” (DeCenzo, Robbins, & Verhulst 2013). In Griggs v. Duke Power Co., the Supreme Court ruled that Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act prohibits not only intentional job discrimination, but also employer practices that have a discriminatory effect on minorities and women. The Court held that tests and other employment practices that disproportionately screened out African American applicants for jobs at the Duke Power Company were prohibited when the tests were not shown to be job-related This law is important because it gives every person applying for a job equal rights. An employee cannot be discriminated against for being Catholic. An employee has the right to choose their religion and to not be discriminated against. Equal Employment Opportunity Act The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 is the act which gives the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) authority to sue in federal courts when it finds reasonable cause to believe that there has been employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. In the case of public employment, the EEOC refers the matter to the United States Attorney General to bring the lawsuit. McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 (1973). In that case, the...
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...Statements on Management Accounting PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING TITLE Value Chain Analysis for Assessing Competitive Advantage CREDITS This statement was approved for issuance as a Statement on Management Accounting by the Management Accounting Committee (MAC) of the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA). IMA appreciates the support of The Society of Management Accountants of Canada (SMAC) in helping create this SMA and extends appreciation to Joseph G. San Miguel, of the Naval Postgraduate School, who drafted the manuscript. Published by Institute of Management Accountants 10 Paragon Drive Montvale, NJ 07645-1760 www.imanet.org Special thanks are due to Randoif Holst, SMAC Manager, Management Accounting Guidelines, for his continuing project supervision and to the members of the focus group (including MAC members Dennis Daly and Thomas Huff) for contributing to the improvement of the final document. Copyright © 1996 Institute of Management Accountants All rights reserved Statements on Management Accounting PRACTICE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Value Chain Analysis for Assessing Competitive Advantage TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II. III. IV. Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 The Value Chain Defined . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Competitive Advantage and Customer Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 V. The Role of the Management Accountant...
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...STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TEXAS EXECUTIVE MBA PROGRAM FALL 2011 Professor David B. Jemison CBA 3.232 Telephone 471-8757 David.Jemison@mccombs.utexas.edu Texts: Porter, Michael E. Competitive Strategy. (New York: Free Press, l998). Course Description Perspective and Themes This course is about the creation and maintenance of a long-term vision for the organization. This means that it is concerned with both the determination of strategic direction and the management of the strategic process. As such, it deals with the analytical, behavioral, and creative aspects of business simultaneously. The course is organized around six themes in strategic management: the role of the general manager, the components of business strategy, corporate strategy development, divisional-level strategy development, managing strategic change, and the development of general managers. Our perspective in this course is that of the leader whose responsibility is the long-term health of the entire firm or a major division. The key tasks involved in general management include the detection of and adaptation to environmental change; the procurement and allocation of resources; the integration of activities across subparts of the organizations; and, at the most senior levels, the determination of purpose and the setting of corporate direction. General managers, from our perspective, are managers who are in the position to make strategic decisions for the firm. Note that such...
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...For the exclusive use of R. PONCE 9-702-442 REV: JANUARY 27, 2004 DAVID B. YOFFIE Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in the Twenty-First Century For over a century, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola vied for “throat share” of the world’s beverage market. The most intense battles of the cola wars were fought over the $60-billion industry in the United States, where the average American consumed 53 gallons of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) per year. In a “carefully waged competitive struggle,” from 1975 to 1995 both Coke and Pepsi achieved average annual growth of around 10% as both U.S. and worldwide CSD consumption consistently rose. According to Roger Enrico, former CEO of Pepsi-Cola: The warfare must be perceived as a continuing battle without blood. Without Coke, Pepsi would have a tough time being an original and lively competitor. The more successful they are, the sharper we have to be. If the Coca-Cola company didn’t exist, we’d pray for someone to invent them. And on the other side of the fence, I’m sure the folks at Coke would say that nothing contributes as much to the present-day success of the Coca-Cola company than . . . Pepsi.1 This cozy relationship was threatened in the late 1990s, however, when U.S. CSD consumption dropped for two consecutive years and worldwide shipments slowed for both Coke and Pepsi. In response, both firms began to modify their bottling, pricing, and brand strategies. They also looked to emerging international markets to fuel...
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...Company Letterhead) Company: LUMBINI BEVERAGE PVT.LTD. Location: Hajipur Industrial Area Intern Name: Mr. RUPESH KUMAR(PGDM-09-43) Internship Commencement Date: 15/04/2010 Internship Completion Date: 15/06/2010 Evaluation Parameter Rating(out of 10 on each parameter) Knowledge & Content Knowledge of Industry Practical Application of Knowledge Learning on the Job Ability to grasp new Idea Communication Skills Interpersonal Skills Writing Skills Presentation Skills Attitude Ability to put in hard work Attendance/Reliability/ Dependability Team Spirit Receptibility Miscellaneous Supervisory Skills Target Achievement Employability Total Remarks/Suggestions Assessor’s Name : MANISH SAHAY Designation with Seal :MDM,...
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...clusive use at Institute of Management Technology, Hyderabad (IMT,HYD), 2015 9-702-442 REV: JANUARY 27, 2004 DAVID B. YOFFIE Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in the Twenty-First Century For over a century, Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola vied for “throat share” of the world’s beverage market. The most intense battles of the cola wars were fought over the $60-billion industry in the United States, where the average American consumed 53 gallons of carbonated soft drinks (CSD) per year. In a “carefully waged competitive struggle,” from 1975 to 1995 both Coke and Pepsi achieved average annual growth of around 10% as both U.S. and worldwide CSD consumption consistently rose. According to Roger Enrico, former CEO of Pepsi-Cola: The warfare must be perceived as a continuing battle without blood. Without Coke, Pepsi would have a tough time being an original and lively competitor. The more successful they are, the sharper we have to be. If the Coca-Cola company didn’t exist, we’d pray for someone to invent them. And on the other side of the fence, I’m sure the folks at Coke would say that nothing contributes as much to the present-day success of the Coca-Cola company than . . . Pepsi.1 This cozy relationship was threatened in the late 1990s, however, when U.S. CSD consumption dropped for two consecutive years and worldwide shipments slowed for both Coke and Pepsi. In response, both firms began to modify their bottling, pricing, and brand strategies. They also looked ...
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...A CRITIQUE OF PORTER’S COST LEADERSHIP AND DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGIES Y. Datta Ph.D., State University of New York at Buffalo Professor Emeritus College of Business Northern Kentucky University Highland Heights, KY 41099 (USA) 7539, Tiki Av. Cincinnati, OH 45243 USA Tel: (513) 984-1032 [Home] Fax: (513) 984-1032 E-Mail: datta@nku.edu A paper accepted for presentation at the 9th Oxford Business & Economics Conference to be held in Oxford, England, June 22-24. Table of Contents A Critique of Porter’s Cost Leadership and Differentiation Strategies 4 ABSTRACT 4 Key Words 4 INTRODUCTION 5 COST LEADERSHIP STRATEGY 5 Major Reliance on Modern Capital Equipment 7 Relying on the Experience Curve to Underprice Competition Risky 7 A Cost Leader Cannot Ignore Differentiation 8 No Such Thing as a "Commodity": Everything Can Be Differentiated 9 High Market Share a Prior Condition for Cost Leadership? 10 Porter Identifies High Market Share with Cost Leadership Strategy 10 Differentiation--Not Cost Leadership Alone--Behind GM’s and Whirlpool’s Success 11 “Low-Cost” or “Low-Price” Strategy? 12 Thompson and Strickland’s Low-cost Provider Strategy 14 Internal Orientation of Cost Leadership Strategy 14 DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY 15 Superiority of Differentiation over Cost Leadership Strategy 16 Porter: Differentiation and High Market Share Incompatible 17 Differentiation Compatible with High Market Share--and Low Cost...
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...Waterford Institute of Technology Department of business Licence professionnelle action commerciale inter-entreprises a l’international Prepared by ESCUDER Matthieu 2009/2010 academic year Thanks: I would like to thank sincerely the university of Aix en Provence to giving me the opportunity to study abroad. It was such a great experience in an academic perspective but also in personal aspects, and during the first semester I decided to follow my studies here for one more year in order to intend a Bachelor with Honours. I really get involved in the system and I met many Irish people during this year, that’s why I would like to extend my experience for an other year to improve as much I can my English skills. I will be mainly surrounded by Irish people and I expect a lot of the year that is coming. At the beginning of the year I didn’t imagine that I will stay here but i met many time the chief of business department and I have the opportunity to follow my studies in Ireland, I don’t want to miss this chance at this stage of my career. Contents Introduction 6 History of Ireland 7 History 7 Geography 15 Irish education system 17 Health care system in Ireland 18 Population 20 Pubs and drinking 22 Religion in Ireland 25 Irish sport and youth society 27 Parliament and government 29 Growth and early industrialisation: 1690 to 1815 30 Economy 31 Policy objective for Irish economy 32 Economy, Ireland becomes a global growth leader 32 Irish...
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...BMW 3- & 5-Series Service and Repair Manual A K Legg Models covered 3-Series (E30) 316 (83 to 88), 316i (88 to 91), 318i (83 to 91), 320i (87 to 91), 325i (87 to 91). Also Touring and Convertible versions of these models 5-Series (E28) 518 (81 to 85), 518i (85 to 88), 525i (81 to 88), 528i (81 to 88), 535i (85 to 88), M535i (85 to 88) 5-Series (E34) 518i (90 to 91), 520i (88 to 91), 525i (88 to 91), 530i (88 to 91), 535i (88 to 91) Engines covered 1596 cc, 1766 cc, 1795 cc, 1990 cc, 2494 cc, 2788 cc, 2986 cc & 3430 cc Does not cover Diesel, dohc or V8 engines, or four-wheel-drive models LAE MIMI and Larry Warren (1948-256-11AA3) © Haynes Publishing 1997 A book in the Haynes Service and Repair Manual Series ABCDE FGHIJ KLMNO PQRST 123 Printed by J H Haynes & Co. Ltd, Sparkford, Nr Yeovil,Somerset BA22 7JJ, England Haynes Publishing Sparkford, Nr Yeovil, Somerset BA22 7JJ, England Haynes North America, Inc 861 Lawrence Drive, Newbury Park, California 91320, USA Editions Haynes S.A. 147/149, rue Saint Honoré, 75001 PARIS, France Haynes Publishing Nordiska AB Box 1504, 751 45 Uppsala, Sweden All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. ISBN 1 85960 236 3 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is...
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...antiguo CEO de Pepsi: La guerra debe ser percibida como una batalla continua sin sangre. Sin Coca Cola, Pepsi tendría dificultades para ser un competidor original y enérgico. Mientras más exitosos son ellos, más ingeniosos tenemos que ser nosotros. Si la compañía Coca Cola no existiera, estaríamos rezando porque alguien la inventara. Y, al otro lado de la valla, estoy seguro que la gente de Coca Cola dirá que nada contribuye al éxito actual de Coca Cola como…Pepsi. Sin embargo, esa relación comenzó a desgastarse a comienzos del 2000, a medida que el consumo per cápita de bebidas carbonatadas en USA comenzó a decaer. Para 2009, el americano promedio bebía 46 galones de CSD (bebidas carbonatadas) por año, el nivel más bajo de consumo desde 1989. Al mismo tiempo, ambas compañías experimentaron sus altos y bajos; Coca Cola sufrió varios reveses operacionales mientras Pepsi trazó un nuevo y agresivo rumbo hacia brebajes alternativos y adquisiciones de snacks. Mientras la guerra de las colas continuaba hacia el siglo 21, Coca Cola y Pepsi enfrentaron nuevos desafíos: Podrían potenciar las ventas locales de CSD? Cómo podrían competir en la creciente categoría de bebidas no carbonatadas que exigían diferente embotellamiento,...
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...Simply defined, linguistics is the scientific study of language. Though various types of language studies (including grammar and rhetoric) can be traced back over 2,500 years, the era of modern linguistics is barely two centuries old. Kicked off by the late-18th-century discovery that many European and Asian languages descended from a common tongue (Proto-Indo-European), modern linguistics was reshaped, first, by Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) and more recently by Noam Chomsky (born 1928). The systematic study of the nature, structure, and variation of language. Major subfields of linguistics include phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and discourse analysis. The founder of modern structural linguistics was Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913), whose most influential work, Course in General Linguistics, was edited by his students and published in 1916. Source: An Introduction to Language by Victoria Fromkin and Robert Rodman, 6th Ed.) Part One: Introduction to Linguistics Every human knows at least one language, spoken or signed. Linguistics is the science of language, including the sounds, words, and grammar rules. Words in languages are finite, but sentences are not. It is this creative aspect of human language that sets it apart from animal languages, which are essentially responses to stimuli. The rules of a language, also called grammar, are learned as one acquires a language. These rules include phonology, the sound system, morphology, the...
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