...internet, designs, pictures, books and etc. We should know that people’s works can’t be taken whatsoever; there are limitations and regulations on how we use their works. For example, if we take phrases or data from a book or article, we need to insert their name, their book/article title, so-called as bibliography and footnotes. It’s one of the acts not to be a plagiary or violate their IPR or copyright their owned. Today’s actions and issues will determine the future. Nevertheless, IPR in the globalized world now is at risk, if today we can’t event protect our own works, the future will follow that our works will definitely will be followed and there will be no innovation made. How can we develop when there’s no innovation at all? How can a developing country become one step ahead than others when he has no protection on his own jobs that is needed in order to be the one with the works that the other people can only dream of? The answer will be depending on each individual and state’s policy in handling the IPR issues. 4). It’s a conditional matter of boosting economic and trade growth. One can’t say that IPR will not benefit the given country or will benefit, but let’s us analyze from the basic thing which is the protection itself. If a work from the...
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...Training and Development in Human Resource Management Parveender Marrero UMUC Asia Human Resource Management HRMN 300 Tomi Wahlstrom May 8, 2012 Abstract Training and developing employees is very important and crucial in a working environment. There are three major factors in training and developing such as training, talent management and performance management. All these factors affect the employer and employees. Having a company with well-trained and qualified employees will produce a more strategic and successful company compared to a company with untrained and undeveloped employees. Better-trained and developed employees are more motivated in a work force. Also being trained and developed will help the individual make more effective decisions for the company. Employees are more eager to acknowledge accountability for their decisions and have strong desire to place the organizational goals exceeding their own. Training and developing are both methods of learning that pertains to any business. Developing employees acknowledges them to develop as organizational leaders. Training, instead teaches people skills that they lack. Together they can help develop an organizational background that promotes employee commitment. Every employer should implement training and development in their workforce to better their company and employees for the future. Training and Development in Human Resource Management There are three important aspects in training and development,...
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...enrolled myself in to another Masters degree in Business Administration in the year of 2008, where my concentration was finance. I have finished my MBA in the year of 2011. In general sense investment is doing something in present hoping to get something better in future. Therefore investment is very much crucial for personal and organizational point of view. But this investment should be in right way. In developing countries, resources are very much limited, technological backwardness is also a great problem, not only this there is always a scarcity of appropriate strategy. These problems altogether hinder the success of various projects taken by institution as well as government. Therefore investment analyst is the heart, to run a project successfully that ultimately leads sustainable development further. Considering the importance of the post for development of a nation I think my country needs more and more well educated and properly trained investment analyst personnel. I studied agriculture with a view to engage myself in various agricultural research organizations for developing my country as my country is agriculture based. I scored first class marks at my graduation level and confirmed my position in top 5% students, In my masters I took the subject Horticulture that is most demanding and obtained CGPA 2.867 out of 4. I conducted a research on population genetics which is the base for crop development. After completing all these, I could...
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...the well-being of a country's inhabitants. First, emerging markets generally have an unbalanced distribution of income. There may be significant gaps in income between various groups of the society. In such markets, GDP per capita is a misleading indicator of the economic situation because a wealthy minority may hold a large share of GDP. GDP per capita might underestimate the fraction of society who has an income below the poverty threshold. Furthermore, the inequality in income distribution gives rise to a higher rate of increase in underground economy, which may make up a large fraction of GDP generated in a country. Consequently, many places have a higher GDP than what is reported. Second, there is a large domestic production in developing countries such as Turkey, which is not calculated in GDP since these products are not sold on the market. Homegrown vegetables and knit clothing are examples of such domestic products. Last, the social cost of production such as environmental pollution and depreciation of natural resources should be deducted from the calculated GDP. China was the world’s number one emitter of toxic carbon dioxide during 2006 as a result of its high level of industry-related activities. While this contributed to a high GDP, many of the Chinese people had to suffer...
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...RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FUNCTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF KENYA PUBLIC CORPORATIONS Hazel Gachoka Gachunga1 Abstract Globalization has a major impact on the management of human resources in developing countries including Kenya. It has led to homogenization and convergence in organization strategies, structures and processes as well as in consumer choice. With accelerating globalization, organizations have had to change and new trends have set in even in the management of human resources. Globalization has led to changes in organization design and organization structures are leaner thus improving efficiency but having a negative impact on staff numbers which have had to be reduced. This means employees have been retrenched in many sectors like telecommunications, the Kenya Railways and the Kenya public service sectors in order for those organizations to gain competitive advantage. Reward management systems have changed and even the human resource planning strategy is to have a leaner staff in the core areas and to hire part time workers in a bid to reduce costs and to enable the business to run profitably and efficiently. The non-core jobs have been outsourced which has led to an increase in independent contractors to service industries. However, the homogeneity that results from globalization has had a major effect in developing countries because of brain drain. Globalization can therefore be said to have had a phenomenal impact on a developing economy like Kenya that is...
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...2010/2011 Deadline Date: August 31, 2011 Module Code: BMS0013 Module Title: Postgraduate Dissertation Dissertation Title ------------------------------------------------- A Study for Implementation of Electronic Government upervisor Name: Stephen Gibbs Student Name: ALMABROK ALHUMRY ID Number: 1072062 Word Count: 17,711 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 5 Abstract 7 1. Chapter One: Introduction 9 1.1 Introduction 9 1.2 Research Title 10 1.3 Research Question 10 1.4 Aims of Research 10 1.5 Research Background 10 1.6 Research Scope and Limitations 11 1.7 Research Objectives 12 1.8 About Libya 13 2. Chapter Two: Literature Review 14 2.2 E-Government Benefits 14 2.3 E-Government for Developing Countries 16 2.4 Characteristics of Electronic government Services 17 2.5 E-Administration___ A part of e-government 18 2.6 Existing Administration System of Libya 19 2.8 E-Government in Libya 26 2.9 ICT Knowledge in Libya 28 2.10 E-Government Problems in Libya 30 2.12 Stages of E government Development 32 2.17.2 Training Public Employees for E-Government 41 2.18 Risks associated with E-government 42 2.19 Summary of Literature Review 42 3. Chapter Three: Research Methodology 48 3.1 Research Design 48 3.2 Research Methodology 49 3.3 Conceptual Framework 50 4. Chapter Four: Research Analysis 63 4.1 Research Limitation 63 4.2 Analysis Plan 64 4.3 Analysis of Employees Questionnaire 65 4.3 Analysis of Citizens...
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...Impacts of Globalisation Globalisation, an important characteristic within the contemporary economic environment, is a term to describe the forces that transform an economy into one characterised by the embracement of the freer movement of trade, investment, labour and capital. The drive for globalisation has resulted in greater economic growth globally with an increased access to goods and services provided around the world. However, this increase in world output is often associated with detrimental effects in relation to the stability of a national economy being extremely susceptible to the ups and downs of the international business cycle, and also both positive and negative effects on the standards of living. It is often difficult to categorize an economy as being globalised, yet there are several key indicators that suggest economic management decisions undertaken by government’s have, resulted in globalisation. The main evidence to suggest the globalisation of nations has been the growth in global markets, changes in global consumption and resource use patterns, and the establishment of international agreements as well as the rise transnational corporations. Globalisation has been essentially driven by the breaking down of economic barriers between nations over recent decades that have resulted in greater worldwide economic growth. This has been spurred on by the trend towards the deregulation of national economies, as well as reforms to encourage greater competitiveness...
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...The main characteristics of emerging markets Ayame Nakagawa Submission Date: 23rd August 2013 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- The Main Characteristics of Emerging Markets It is frequently said that markets are getting bigger and more complicated as globalization is spreading. What are emerging markets? They can be defined as ‘a financial market of a developing country, usually a small market with a short operating history’ (InvestorWords.com, no date). For example, BRICs, such as Brazil, Russia, China, and India are common thoughts of emerging countries. These countries have improved rapidly in terms of GDP, trade and so on. This essay will introduce the four main characteristics of emerging markets. To expand the worldwide market Magnus (2010, cited in Beausang, 2012, p.3) suggests that the GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP), which puts an importance on the related cost of living, is a proper method to explain BRICs’ contribution to the global economy. He implies that when GDP in US dollars is used as comparisons with emerging and advanced countries, it would be invalid because it is included some problematic points like exchange-rate in each country. According to the research by IMF (2001 cited in Beausang, 2012, p.3), GDP in 2001 in terms of PPP, America gave at 22 % of the whole, while BRICs were slightly smaller at 21.4%. However, ten years later, IMF (2011 cited in Beausang, 2012,...
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...Delegate: Wu Yarui & Feng Shihao School: Yinchuan No.1 high school Country: The Islamic Republic of Mauritania 小 荷 作文网 www.zww.cn Committee: CSW Topic: Gender Equality in political Participation In recent years, Gender equality has been paid attention to by many countries and the previous decades witnessed the accomplishment of CSW (Commission on the Status of Women). Totally speaking, the gap is closing. But in real life, women are faced with an inequitable treatment especially in political participation. For example, In Mauritania’s case, the proportion of women in parliaments is 22.1%⑴， while the highest proportion of single country is 56.3 %⑵Obviously, it is essential for us to solve this problem. With the efforts of the UN, state governments, and other institutions, the protection of women’s rights have already been written into International Convention. As one of the least developed countries, Mauritania’s economy is based on herding and agriculture, the education is also poor⑶。 The government of Mauritania paid much attention to women’s rights and several political actions that helped to improve the statues of women have been carried out⑷。 Our government completed the constitution and women can take cabinet-level posts since 1987⑸。 We also attached great importance to education and tried hard to keep the public security steady. Because of the lack of financial resources, Mauritania finds it hard to guarantee women’s rights in political participation...
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...Asssignment 1, International Business Law By: Annett Franklin Date: 7 April 2012 Question 1:Globalization in ts own right is not necessarly a bad develpoment for both developed countries and and develpoing wourld as it has helped to break down barriers between regions, eliminate monopolies, increase markes for pharmaceutical companies and promote access to drugs and health care for those developing countries. The international flow of reasearch funds has undoubtedly assisted in building up research nfrastructure and compenticies in developing countries. Global efforts have been largely successful in eliminateing small pox, polio, ore will be completely eliminated in the future or controlng TB, and other in the near future. Question 2: Globalization can benefit all countries, rich or poor, if that country is willing to open to nternational trade. Porrer countries do what they can to survive, and globalization would help them to obtain higher incimes and mprove living conditions.Question 3: Countries who are anti-globalization are merely blind to the actual facts It does not happen overnight. It's slow but it is working. Those countried who lose do it with lower incomes, poor literacy rates and yes even poor health care can not become weathy countries.Question 4: One major problem is the increasng of internationalzzation. This term has many dimensions including economic,technological, political, socaial , scruntific, and cultural aspects. Its consequences can either direct...
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...Essay preview AS and A Level Sociological Differentiation & Stratification "Compare and contrast modernisation theory and dependency theory as explanations of development and under-development" The two theories, modernisation and dependency both give valid and just explanations for development and underdevelopment. There is a notable likeness in them both but there are also many differences and neither escape criticisms. Modernisation theory was before dependency theory and was developed in the 1950/60s; the theory is based on 4 main assumptions. Western societies are the most advanced in terms of technological, social and political terms, countries go through a series of stages on their route to becoming advanced, this path is a 'natural' form of development and there must be something preventing them from doing this and finally, these underdeveloped nations can advance without an changes taking place in the finance and trading patterns of the capitalist world. The modernisation theory is politically conservative as it sees nations being undeveloped because they lack the qualities that developed nations have, this is compared with the dependency theory who see this underdevelopment due to the exploitation of advanced nations. W.W. Rostow is one of the most notable modernisation theorists; he argued that there are a number of stages that a traditional society has to pass through to become a modern society. His work is combined with the four key elements above and his...
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...1. Debate the issue of global versus adapted products for the international market. A recurring debate exists relative to product planning and focuses on the question of standardized products marketed worldwide versus differentiated products adapted or even redesigned for each culturally unique market. Those with a strong production and unit cost orientation advocate standardization and others, perhaps more culturally sensitive, propose the policy of a different product for each market. The issue cannot be resolved with a simple either/or decision. Cost revenue analyses need to be done and decisions made in the hard, cold lights of profitability. There is no question that significant cost savings can be realized from having standardized products, packages, brand names, and promotional messages but this makes sense only if there is adequate demand for the standardized products: costs must be balanced with demand. On the other hand, if the cost of an individualized product when evaluated against price/demand characteristics within a market exceeds potential profit, then it is ridiculous not to consider other alternatives including not marketing the product at all. To differentiate for the sake of differentiation is no solution, and realistic business practice requires a company to strive for uniformity in its marketing mix whenever and wherever possible. Economies of production, better planning, more effective control, and better use of creative managerial personnel are all...
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...trend which is likely to continue (Bloch, Shankar and Schaus, 2007). Think global act local With the aim of succeeding, companies have adopted the new mantra of ‘Think Global, Act Local’. In order to compete with local brands, not only with regard to prices, but also to taste, Unilever develops flexible marketing strategies to market and distribute its products in local remote areas of emerging markets. For instance, Unilever devised and implemented a unique strategy for the marketing of its products in Indonesia, where infrastructure is poor, with the use of motorcycles to reach remote villages in Indonesia. This strategy enables Unilever to gain higher profit margins in developing nations and reduce the costs of their premium products in economies of scale. Distinct Marketing Strategies in developing economies Unilever is keenly aware of global strategies which it needs to adopt for the development and increase of local market for their brands,...
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...A bigger world | The Economist http://www.economist.com/node/12080751/print World politics Print edition Business & finance Economics Science & technology Culture The World in 2012 Blogs Debate Multimedia Special report: Globalisation Globalisation is entering a new phase, with emerging-market companies now competing furiously against rich-country ones. Matthew Bishop (interviewed here) asks what that will mean for capitalism Sep 18th 2008 | from the print edition GLOBALISATION used to mean, by and large, that business expanded from developed to emerging economies. Now it flows in both directions, and increasingly also from one developing economy to another. Business these days is all about “competing with everyone from everywhere for everything”, write the authors of “Globality”, a new book on this latest phase of globalisation by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG). One sign of the times is the growing number of companies from emerging markets that appear in the Fortune 500 rankings of the world’s biggest firms. It now stands at 62, mostly from the so-called BRIC economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China, up from 31 in 2003 (see chart 1), and is set to rise rapidly. On current trends, emerging-market companies will account for one-third of the Fortune list within ten years, predicts Mark Spelman, head of a global think-tank run by Accenture, a consultancy. There has been a sharp increase in the number of emerging-market companies acquiring...
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...three main alternative approaches have emerged. Of these, the most logical appears to be adopted a target approach, which focuses on the specific context of each country and alters variables gradually. This approach seems to best address the problems encountered with the Consensus. The Washington Consensus, codified by John Williamson (1990) and informed by neoliberal theory, outlined ten specific economic policies aimed at stabilising, privatising and liberalising developing economies. It was believed that that this was the pathway to modernity for these nations (Rodrik, 2006). Specifically, Williamson (1990) recommended fiscal discipline, reorientation of public expenditures, tax reform, financial liberalisation, unified and competitive exchange rates, trade liberalisation, openness to direct foreign investment, privatization, deregulation, and secure property rights. The recommendations were heavily supported by The International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the US Treasury. Indeed, nonconforming developing nations were put under significant pressure by the World Bank to adopt the recommendations (Rodrik, 2006). Whilst the reforms advocated by the Washington Consensus have been widely implemented, the results have been poor. On the basis of economic growth, Latin America has performed below expectations and Sub-Saharan Africa has had only a few success stories. Moreover, in some countries in Africa, the reforms worsened the public health crisis (Rodrik, 2006). Reduced...
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