...Ego Defence Mechanisms Introduction Ego psychology embodies a more optimistic and growth oriented view of human functioning and potential than do the earlier theoretical formulation. It generated changes in the study and assessment process and led to an expansion and systemization Of interceptive strategies with individuals. It fostered a re-conceptualization of the clinic worker relation ship, of change mechanisms, and of the interventive process. It helped to refocus the importance of wok of with the social environment as well as work with the family and the group. Moreover, it has important implications for the design of service delivery, large-scale social programs, and social policy. DEFINITION OF DEFENCE MECHANISM Ego-defense mechanisms are learned, usually during early childhood and are considered to be maladaptive when they become the predominant means of coping with stressors. What is EGO psychology? Ego psychology comprises a related set of theoretical concepts about human behavior that focus on the origins, development, structure, and functioning of the executive arm of the personality _the ego_ and its relationship to other aspects of the personality and to the external environment. The ego is considered to be a mental structure of the personality responsible for negotiating between the internal needs of the individual and the outside world. The following seven propositions characterize ego psychology’s view of human...
Words: 1900 - Pages: 8
...Topic 2 - Business Environment of UK PESTL Analysis of UK A PESTLE analysis provides and analysis of six of the key macro level factors which affect the country and the decision which it makes. Political There are a wide range of political factors which affects UK at present but also factors which may have an impact upon the country in the future. One key political decision which affects UK is the rate of tax levied by the government. At present, levels of corporation tax in the UK have been lowered in order to attempt to stimulate economic activity. However, given the continuing deficit, there is no guarantee that governments in the future will maintain the rate of corporation tax at its current level. Other key political decisions consider interest rates. At present, UK interest rates stand at an all-time low of 0.5%. This may be seen as a positive factor for firms such as Next who are effectively able to borrow large amounts of money for the purposes of capital expansion at much lower rates than have been previously seen. Such borrowing may take place in the form of long term borrowings from banks and financial institutions, alternatively the company may choose to issue corporate bonds. Other political issues relate to the governments relatively "arm's length" approach to Europe and remaining outside of the single currency area. For UK the international operations in the Euro Zone, this could be seen as negative with the prospect of foreign exchange rate risks being felt...
Words: 2364 - Pages: 10
...Week Two, Case Studies—Individual Assignment Due Monday, Day 7 Case Study One: A group of girls get into a verbal argument after one of the girls is accused of ruining an art project which did not belong to her. Two of the girls start to yell obscenities at the girl who allegedly ruined the project. This girl retaliates by threatening violence. The two other girls follow suit. Eventually, the argument escalates further to more yelling and threats. When questioned later individually, it is learned that one of the girls had a rough phone call with her mother and found out her father would not be visiting her. Another of the girls had a similar experience, as her parents visited during the week and she did not "get along" with them. Finally, the girl accused of ruining the project was just admitted and angry at her parents for placing her in treatment. One of the behavioral techs redirected the girls to playing sports and painting. The girls seem to calm down and de-escalate. What defense mechanism (s) is the three girls utilizing and why? Explain. Are there any other defense mechanisms at work here? Explain. There are many different defense mechanisms out there so for the purpose of this assignment we will use Freud’s defense mechanisms in an attempt to explain the behavior. In this scenario, the three girls appear to be exhibiting the displacement defense mechanism. In displacement, the individual focuses unwanted feelings, urges, and emotions on...
Words: 1395 - Pages: 6
...Is it possible for man to be completely selfless? A cynic may say not. But, selfless actions and thoughts are not only possible, but give a real sense of satisfaction and abiding happiness. What do we mean by real selflessness? Selflessness means we act without thought for how we will profit or be rewarded. If we give help to others, but expect recognition or the favour to be returned, this is not a selfless action. True selflessness means we would do the action, even if it was never know to anyone else. Selflessness means we identify with others. Our service to others is not an act of condescending charity in helping others, our action is motivated by a feeling of oneness. We help others because we identify with their problems and their suffering. Selflessness is its own reward. In a true selfless action we are not acting to feed our ego and receive the flattery of the world; we are not acting out of competition or desire to prove ourself to others. Selflessness means we act out of a motivation to do the right thing and help others. By definition, selflessness cannot involve inflating our ego, it does exactly the opposite. When we act only out of selfish motives we bind and limit ourselves. Every action, we calculate how we might benefit; this attitude hinders the intuitive and spontaneous feelings of the heart. When we act through selfless motives we are helping to expand our sense of self and sense of identity. This enables us to get joy from the achievements of others;...
Words: 347 - Pages: 2
...A gorgeous sweet girl who many people mistake as being a supermodel. Has a rocking body with sexy curves, radiant soft skin and gorgeous thick hair which all guys want to run thier hands through. Can be shy at first but when people get to know her they will discover they've made a friend for life, a natalie is the bestest friend you could ever get, she has a hilarious sense of humour and often gives people stitches. Boys throw themselves at natalies, they love her delicious kissing, she's utterly deseriable and every guy wants a piece of her. They get lost in her big dazzling eyes framed by thick dark lashes. And can't help but kiss her when they see her full edible lips, they think she has the most beautiful captivating smile. Hates getting into arguements with people and has trouble with choosing the right friends. But when she does find the right friends she becomes bubbly,chatty and a laugh. Girls are jealous about her beauty probablly because she's one of the few girls who are beautiful inside and out. Is very hurt when she hears people talking about her behind her back and wonders what she ever did to them? At a party she captures everybodys eye with her foxy dress style, guys find her very alluring. She enjoys match-making her friends with hot guys, gives the best advice and is always there for a girly chat. A Natalie is everything a guy could want sexy, smart, funny, adorable and amazing in bed. She doesnt trust easily. She has a smile that can light up the whole room...
Words: 342 - Pages: 2
...Ivan Ocampo COM 11400 – 07 – Fundamentals of Speech Communication July 6, 2015 Dr. Lynda Willer Relationship Movie – Movie Guide 1) Relationship #1: George and Sam It is to observe a few different defense mechanisms in the relationship between George and Sam, such as: avoidance, distancing, reaction formation. On the scene when George told to Sam about his problem with cancer, Sam shows a mixture between distancing and reaction formation. Distancing is evident because Sam goes to looking for Alyssa, and we can observe the reaction formation the moment that Sam cries with Alyssa, a clear signal that shows his real feelings about George's problem. Those reactions avoid a closer encounter between George and Sam at the first time, but I guess that were important to Sam to take his time in order to clarify his ideas and feelings about the bad news and the future of his relationship with George. 2) Relationship #2: George and Robin George and Robin are divorced, at the beginning of the movie they had a distant relationship this situation change when George and Robin work together restoring the house. There are different deffense mechanisms in their relationship, such as: avoidance, sarcasm, formula communication. On the scene when George arrives to Robin's house looking for to Sam, the first conversation between George and Robin can be classified as a formula communication because they avoid a deep dialogue about Sam, and at the end of the whole scene when both are...
Words: 468 - Pages: 2
...ForcesWatch briefing Terms of Service in the UK Armed Forces Employment in the armed forces is unique in placing severe restrictions on rights and freedoms that are available to the rest of the UK population. The armed forces are also the only employers in the UK who legally require their employees to commit themselves for several years, with the risk of a criminal conviction if they try to leave sooner. This situation is all the more worrying given that the majority of recruits are very young. There is also evidence that many personnel are unclear about the length of their commitment and their rights to leave and that the information they receive can be misleading. Length of service 1 The minimum length of service in each branch of the forces is as follows: Army (over 18s): Four years nd Army (under 18s): Until 22 birthday Navy: Three and a half years after completion of training or four years' service, whichever is longer Air force: Three years after completion of training or four years' service whichever is longer In 1999 the army increased its minimum length of service from 3 to 4 years. Army recruits under 18 years old are required to serve up to 2 years longer than a recruit who joins aged over 18 and so commits to up to 6 year’s service when still a minor. When forces personnel reach the end of their minimum length of service, they must give a year’s notice (in the army or navy) or 18 months (in the air force). Recruits may be required to serve for longer than...
Words: 1548 - Pages: 7
...There are 3 parts to a person’s personality: the id, ego and superego. The super ego is the moderator of the id and handles the conscious. If the super ego is inadequate, then it can lead to delinquent behaviour and crime. A weak superego can lead to a lack of inhibitions while a deviant superego (identifying with a deviant model) can lead to a lack of understanding of what is right and wrong. A harsh superego can lead to a child seeking out opportunities to be punished which can include crime and delinquent behaviour. The psychoanalytical approach also says that defence mechanism can lead a person to commit crimes, for example: Denial can make a person so ignore the acts they are committing or neglect to accept the severity of them. Displacement is when a person takes their anger and frustration out on something or someone else than the person/thing that is making them feel like that which can mean attacking a stranger on the street. This theory also says that maternal deprivation can be linked to criminal behaviour as a lack of maternal affection can cause affectionless psychopathy which investigated in a study by Bowlby. He tested 44 juvenile delinquents for affectionless psychopathy. He found 14 cases of it within the delinquents, he then asked the families of said juveniles to see if there was a separation from the mother for an extended period of time. Out of the 14, 12 had spent long periods of time apart from the mother. This suggests that maternal deprivation can be the...
Words: 492 - Pages: 2
...Week 5 1) Considering that burnout has been related to the amount and type of work done along with the type of work that you do or hope to do, are you at risk for burnout? Why? No, I do not believe that I am a candidate for burnout. I work with children and they change every year and there is never a dull moment so it doesn’t become monotone, boring, and repitious, which all is a clear description of burnout. 2) Describe some of the effects that secondary traumatic stress can have on professional capability. This can have detrimental effects on individuals, both professionally and personally, including a decrease in productivity, the inability to focus, and the development of new feelings of incompetency and self doubt. 3) Review the factors that contribute and explain burnout on page 89. Have you ever experienced these in your professional experience? I can honestly say that I believe everyone over some period of time experiences those symptoms or something similar to those symptoms. It is just a part of having a steady career that has to do with a repetitious field. How you handle the day to day or how you chose to see your daily career may make or break the fine line between a rut and burnout. Week 6 1) Describe some of the ways humor helps relieve stress related to trauma (physiologic and therapeutic.) I’ve independently read that laughing releases endorphins that help you calm and relieve stress. I have also learned that changing...
Words: 824 - Pages: 4
...this journal is available at http://www.emerald-library.com/ft Journal of Managerial Psychology 16,7 534 Received September 2000 Revised May 2001 Accepted May 2001 Resistance to organisational change: the role of defence mechanisms Wayne H. Bovey Bovey Management (Certified Consultants), Queensland, Australia Andrew Hede University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia Keywords Organizational change, Resistance, Defence, Humour Abstract Observes that the published literature on resistance to organisational change has focused more on organisational issues rather than individual psychological factors. The present study investigated the role of both adaptive and maladaptive defence mechanisms in individual resistance. Surveys were conducted in nine organisations undergoing major change and responses were obtained from 615 employees. The results indicate that five maladaptive defence mechanisms are positively correlated with behavioural intention to resist change, namely, projection, acting out, isolation of affect, dissociation and denial. The adaptive defence mechanism of humour was found to be negatively correlated with resistance intention. Identifies two intervention strategies which can be used by management to address the effects of defence mechanisms on resistance during periods of change in organisations. Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 16 No. 7, 2001, pp. 534-548. # MCB University Press, 0268-3946 Introduction Individuals go through a reaction...
Words: 6068 - Pages: 25
...The story that I like the most is “Big Bill”. The personality of each character, either the main or minor characters, is totally different and that made the story pretty interesting. The theme “friendship” made it even more appealing to me. Therefore, I had chosen this story to be the one that I will be writing about in this essay. The main character of this story is Tulsi Babu. He is different from most ordinary beings, as he is not surprised by almost everything. He thinks that “everything” has a reason behind it. This part in the story would convince you in that, “‘Tulsi Babu went back to his desk. ‘I can’t see what’s so special about a double rainbow. Even there were twenty rainbows in the sky, there would be nothing surprising about that. Why, one can just as well go and stare at the double-spired church in Lower Circular Road!’” Sometimes, he will add a little sense of humour that will make his words interesting. Tulsi is a part-time herbalist and an upper division clerk of Arbuthnot & Co Company. He is scrupulous in his work and the sentence “Baba gave adequate directions which Tulsi Babu noted down carefully.” tells us so. Not only is he hardworking, he also treats, Bill, his “ex-pet” very good. He gave Bill the best when it was in his house and he was really sad while saying goodbye to Bill the last time. He even lost his appetite when he sent Bill back where it had came from, although you cannot see from his facial expression. He is also very thoughtful towards...
Words: 548 - Pages: 3
...My Crazy, Hilarious, Amazing, Cute, Friend: Kasey Mae Hayes Kasey Mae Hayes is not only my neighbor, but my best friend. She lives right down the street from me and I've known her for as long as I can remember. We both play soccer together and plan to play lacrosse and track together in high school, too. This year we have grown to become very close and so have our families she has one older sibling, Kyle. Her mom is an art teacher and her dad works from home. She is in my grade and although she's shorter than me, she's older, and I look up to her. I admire the fact that I can trust her, she can always put me in a good mood, and she is very confident in herself. One thing I admire about her is that I can trust her. Whatever I tell her, stays with her. She never gives my secrets away. This year, especially, has been hard for me. Things at home haven't been the best. I told her what had been going on and she was there for me. She said she would never tell anyone and it wasn't her place to, it was my personal business. Another way we have a trustworthy relationship is we tell each other everything even when it has to do with others. She also is always there for me and always gives good advice and supports me in whatever I do. For example, I really got to know a certain boy this year and really cared for him but he hurt me so many times and I didn't deserve it. Kasey was there for me and she had my back even though the boy is one of her best friends too. By far, she is one of...
Words: 873 - Pages: 4
...Warfare: An Invention- Not a Biological Necessity In the passage, Mead argues that warfare is something that is invented. Not just something that occurs because of human nature. Now to be clear, she isn’t just talking about War that happens between countries. She’s talking about the race war, class war, nationalistic war, and so on. She defines warfare in the passage as “organized conflict between two groups as groups, in which each group puts an army into the field to fight and kill, if possible, some of the members of the army of the other group.” Mead argues that warfare is more of an invention and not a necessity. She states this because a necessity is something that is needed and therefore would be occurring all over the world. But warfare doesn’t exist throughout the entire world. Mead feels that the people who believe that warfare is a necessity tend to be more aggressive because they believe this is will help them achieve full human stature. However, she uses some examples of where warfare is irrelevant to certain cultures. Eskimos and the Lepchas of Sikkim are discussed in this passage. She states that “Neither of these peoples understands war, not even the defensive warfare.” The Eskimos are a great example to support her argument though. Just because they aren’t involved in warfare doesn’t mean they aren’t a hostile bunch. There would be fights, thefts of wives, murder, and sometimes even cannibalism that occurred among them. These men are driven to the brink of...
Words: 324 - Pages: 2
...Acting Out: The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by actions rather than reflections or feelings. This definition is broader than the original concept of the acting out of transference feelings or wishes during psychotherapy and is intended to include behavior arising both within and outside the transference relationship. Defensive acting out is not synonymous with “bad behavior” because it requires evidence that the behavior is related to emotional conflicts. Affiliation: The individual deals with emotional conflict or internal or external stressors by turning to others for help or support. This involves sharing problems with others but does not imply trying to make someone else responsible for them. Aim inhibition: Placing a limitation upon instinctual demands; accepting partial or modified fulfillment of desires. Examples: (1) a person is conscious of sexual desire but if finding it frustrating, "decides" that all that is really wanted in the relationship is companionship. (2) a student who originally wanted to be a physician decides to become a physician's assistant. Aim inhibition, like the other mechanisms, is neither healthful nor pathological, desirable nor undesirable, in itself. It may be better to have half a loaf than no bread, but an unnecessary aim inhibition may rob one of otherwise attainable satisfactions. Note that the first example could include...
Words: 2694 - Pages: 11
...Anxiety and Defense Mechanisms Mariel-Pauleane Gomez PSYC 393-2 September 29, 2015 My definition of anxiety is when you are experiencing an overwhelming amount of stress, but do not know the cause of it, to the point where it is interfering with your everyday activities. Freud’s understanding of anxiety is the feeling of fear without an obvious cause. My definition and Freud’s understanding of anxiety are similar to one another. Our definitions of anxiety both mention how when a person is experiencing anxiety, they not know exactly why they are experiencing it. Freud proposed that there are three types of anxiety: reality, neurotic, and moral anxiety. For myself, I think that there is only one type of anxiety, but there are different levels of it. I believe that it depends on how long the person copes or overcomes their anxiety. The longer it takes for a person to overcome anxiety, the more serious their anxiety is. When a person is experiencing anxiety, I believe that they are feeling helpless, like an infant or baby. Freud mentions that when one is experiencing anxiety, regardless of age, they are also feeling helpless. Freudian defense mechanisms ranked in order of primitive to more advanced: denial, repression, projection, reaction formation, regression, displacement, rationalization, and finally sublimation. I ranked denial as the most primitive defense mechanisms because I consider this the most generic defense mechanism because it underlies many of the other...
Words: 929 - Pages: 4
