...Geographical location ii. History and its consequences of on this region iii. Current financial and economical situation III. Differences in the cultures i. Common ways of doing business ii. Understanding the culture and traditions IV. Security issues i. Benefits of establishing a business in this region ii. Business security issues facing an organization iii. Adverse effects on an organization V. Recommendations on reducing the risk i. Protection of assets and information ii. Protection of labor iii. Adhering to the laws and regulations VI. Conclusion VII. Works Cited Business Opportunities in Eastern Europe I. Introduction How safe is it to explore the business markets outside of the USA, particularly in the undeveloped markets? A good example of a company willing to take the risk to discover new business opportunities in such economic markets is the Coca Cola Company. Its early recognition of the global demand for their products led them to explore investing in the yet unexplored, and politically and economically challenged markets including the markets in the region of Eastern Europe. In the early 1990s, after some significant political and economical changes in this region, the Coca Cola made a decision to open bottling plants in many countries of this part of Europe (History of bottling, n.d.). Currently, there are 300 Coca Cola plants all over the world. As mentioned, many are located in this unstable...
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...Central and Eastern European countries like Poland and Romania are strong spots on the global outsourcing map Globalization & Integration Group Project Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 3 Poland 4 Significant savings costs 5 Ability and quality of resources 5 Low risk location 5 Culture Similarity 6 Investment Climate 6 article 7 Romania 8 Government support and business environment 9 Quality of the language and educational skills 9 Low labor costs 10 Culture 10 Intellectual property security and privacy 10 article 11 Comparison 12 Cost competiveness 12 Resources and skills 13 Economic competitiveness 13 Regulation 13 Corruption perception 14 Legal protection 14 Conclusion 14 References 14 Abstract In this paper, we discuss why are the Eastern European countries like Romania and Poland potential destination for outsourcing. Given an economic condition, Geographical advantage, business environment and quality issue explanation of each country. Both countries are economically competitive in outsourcing market in Eastern Europe, promptly emerging as a favorite destination. Introduction Outsourcing is a practice used externally...
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...Royal Holloway, University of London School of Management THE MANAGEMENT OF EXPATRIATES WITHIN EUROPEAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN AIRLINES By: September 2010 Supervisor: Dr. Yu Zheng This dissertation is submitted as part of the requirement for the award of the Master’s degree MSc in International Human Resource Management THE MANAGEMENT OF EXPATRIATES WITHIN EUROPEAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN AIRLINES Acknowledgements In the name of God, most gracious, most merciful. I would like to take this as an opportunity, to owe my deepest gratitude to all who have made this dissertation possible. Firstly, I am heartily thankful to my supervisor Dr.Yu Zheng for her unlimited advice, guidance and support throughout this journey. Secondly, a big Thank you to my lovely family, for their encouragement, and constant support. Thirdly, a great appreciation should not be forgotten, to my friends who have helped me during this challenging year. 2 THE MANAGEMENT OF EXPATRIATES WITHIN EUROPEAN AND MIDDLE EASTERN AIRLINES Executive Summary This research endeavours to investigate the management of international assignments in a European and a Middle Eastern airline. In-depth qualitative interviews are conducted to get a clearer picture of the motives behind sending out expatriates, the selection procedures and training programs of each airline. Also to find out the role HR department plays towards the preparation of expatriates and their adjustment...
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...States (US) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Consequently, Cold War politics continue to affect modern the actions and reputations of countries globally even long after its end in 1989. The Cold War refers to the...
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...Have you had any previous experience traveling or living outside the US? (*) I have not lived outside the United States; however, I have traveled internationally. In 2010, I visited India for three weeks to visit my husband’s family. During this time, we lived in the homes of our family members in various villages and cities throughout the country including: Ahmedabad, Mount Abu, Pune, Delhi and Mumbai. Additionally, in 2007, my husband and I vacationed in Greece for two weeks staying in Athens and Greek Islands. Lastly, I have taken smaller vacations in several Caribbean countries and Mexico. Through these vacations, I came to appreciate the unique cultures and values of the people that I met. Despite the contrasting lifestyles and material wealth I witnessed in each country compared to what is in the US, I also saw how similar my values and beliefs are to those I met. In each case, the people I met helped make me a more well rounded person. I only wish I could have stayed longer. 2. Do you have any foreign language skills, either reading or conversational? (*) Currently, I would characterize my knowledge of Spanish as: Speaking = conversational, Listening = basic, Writing = conversational. I studied Spanish in high school and was fortunate to have the opportunity to complement my studies with the knowledge that came from conversing with the Latin American employees of my father’s various farming operations in their native language. After, moving away from...
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...Union was established after World War II in the late 1940s in an effort to unite the countries of Europe and end the period of wars between neighboring countries. These nations began to officially unite in 1949 with the Council of Europe. In 1950 the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community expanded the cooperation. The six nations involved in this initial treaty were Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. Today these countries are referred to as the "founding members." During the 1950s, the Cold War, protests, and divisions between Eastern and Western Europe showed the need for further European unification. In order to do this, the Treaty of Rome was signed on March 25, 1957, thus creating the European Economic Community and allowing people and products to move throughout Europe. Throughout the decades additional countries joined the community. In order to further unify Europe, the Single European Act was signed in 1987 with the aim of eventually creating a "single market" for trade. Europe was further unified in 1989 with the elimination of the boundary between Eastern and Western Europe - the Berlin Wall. Throughout the 1990s, the "single market" idea allowed easier trade, more citizen interaction on issues such as the environment and security, and easier travel through the different countries. Even though the countries of Europe had various treaties in place prior to the early 1990s, this time is generally recognized as the...
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...NIC Europe Group Driver Paper Budapest, April 28 - 30. 2004. Globalisation or Regionalisation? The views expressed in this and other papers associated with the NIC 2020 project are those of individual participants. They are posted for discussion purposes only and do not represent the views of the US Government. Discussion paper -- does not represent the views of the US Government NIC Europe Group Driver Paper Budapest, April 28 - 30. 2004. Globalisation or Regionalisation? Globalization—Which forces will predominate in 2020—regionalization or globalization and will focusing on one lead to neglect of the other? What will be Europe’s position in the world in 2020 and how will areas of the world look from a distinctly European perspective? Introduction The debate about globalisation versus regionalisation is misleading: it is an obvious statement that the world is more complex than that. When we make simplifications like this, we assume that the loss of understanding is minimal: the world is more complex, but the simplification is such that the essence of the processes are still captured by our model. I will argue here that assumptions about today’s world having two levels of organisation leaves out a very important factor; this in turn results in a misunderstanding. I will argue that there are so many levels between national and global -- defined by socioeconomic systems and subsystems -- that the best approximation is not to assume the existence of two levels...
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...National Interests”. THE NEXT PATTERN OF CONFLICT WORLD POLITICS IS entering a new phase, and intellectuals have not hesitated to proliferate visions of what it will be -- the end of history, the return of traditional rivalries between nation states, and the decline of the nation state from the conflicting pulls of tribalism and globalism, among others. Each of these visions catches aspects of the emerging reality. Yet they all miss a crucial, indeed a central, aspect of what global politics is likely to be in the coming years. It is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic. The great divisions among humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural. Nation states will remain the most powerful actors in world affairs, but the principal conflicts of global politics will occur between nations and groups of different civilizations. The clash of civilizations will be the battle lines of the future. Conflict between civilizations will be the latest phase of the evolution of conflict in the modern world. For a century and a half after the emergence of the modern international system of the Peace of Westphalia, the conflicts of the Western world were largely among princes -- emperors, absolute monarchs and constitutional monarchs attempting to expand their bureaucracies, their armies, their mercantilist economic strength and, most important, the territory they ruled. In the process they...
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...1 AUTHOR: Ricardo G Flores and Ruth V Aguilera TITLE: Globalization and location choice: an analysis of US multinational firms in 1980 and 2000 SOURCE: Journal of International Business Studies v38 no7 p1187-210 D 2007 COPYRIGHT: The magazine publisher is the copyright holder of this article and it is reproduced with permission. Further reproduction of this article in violation of the copyright is prohibited. To contact the publisher: http://www.jibs.net/ In this paper we examine foreign location choices of the top 100 US multinational corporations (MNCs) in 1980 and 2000. We first ask whether there has been a change in MNC foreign location choice in this two-decade period. Second, we explore the underlying reasons of location change by focusing on country-level factors, accounting for firm-, industry — and regional-level explanations. Our findings suggest, first, that the extent of MNCs’ activities around the globe is more extensive than assumed by regionalists’ arguments and well beyond Ohmae’s TRIAD, but still less widespread than claimed by the globalists — the two main traditions within the globalizationregionalization debate. Second, we uncover an interesting de-location pattern in this period. Third, we develop an integrative framework where both economic and institutional-cultural arguments are shown to influence MNCs’ foreign location choice in different ways. We conclude with a discussion of our findings, and provide suggestions for future research. Keywords: MNC...
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...AND RADICALISM Dr. M. LAL GOEL Also known as Dr. Madan Lal Goel University of West Florida lgoel@uwf.edu Abstract. The notion of a clash of civilizations has gained notoriety since the terrorist attack on WTC on 9/11/2001. Professor Samuel P. Huntington has popularized the view that the coming global conflict will be among major civilizations, not among different political ideologies. He identifies eight major civilizations: the Western (Europe and North America), Slavic (Russia and Eastern Europe), Islamic, Confucian, Hindu, Japanese, Latin American, and the African. Of particular focus in the present paper is the threat to civilization from radical Islam. Three factors that foment radicalism are described: the Islamic theology of exclusiveness, the nostalgic memory of a Muslim empire that lasted nearly 1,000 years, and the consequences of oil boom in the Middle East. Population estimates for different civilizations are provided at the end. Introduction The theory of a clash of civilizations has been with us for some time. British historian Arnold Toynbee used the term in a series of lectures he delivered in 1953. The Middle East specialist Bernard Lewis wrote in 1990 that the Muslim rage against the West is “no less than a clash of civilizations” (Lewis, 1990, p 60). Samuel P. Huntington, a Harvard University political science professor, has given new currency to the notion of a clash of civilizations. His 1993 article in Foreign Affairs has gained global...
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...enlightenment. Often they come fast, kill even faster, and then are gone. One pandemic that still plagues the world today, with no end in sight, is AIDS. An incurable virus that became the center of attention in the 1980's. Bubonic plague and AIDS are very different in nature, but have resulted in many similar political, economic, and cultural impacts within human societies. The differences and similarities of these pandemics can help us understand pandemics better and also can help us to prepare for future pandemics. First we must look at the bubonic plague, how it spread and how it impacted the world socially, economically, and culturally. It was first recorded in Europe by a Sicilian chronicler by the name of Michele da Piazza in October of 1347, who recorded the port of Messina having twelve galleys full of sailors carrying the disease down to the marrow of their bones.1 Black Death began to really take its toll in 1348, spreading through Italy, France, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, England, Denmark, to the Balkans, Palestine, Syria, and the coast of North Africa by the spring and summer of that year. By 1350 it had reached German and Eastern Europe and finally in 1352 reached Russia. Spreading from port to port, through trade and travel, from what appears to be person to person.2 Unlike the modern day agent of Black Death, that is only spread as fast as...
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...The Influence of Cultural Adaptation on Disney Theme Parks By 駱巧瑜Chaio-Yu, Lou 陳奎因Kuei Yin, Chen 楊凱智Kai-Chih, Yang 徐仁軒Ren-Xuan, Shiu Department of Applied English Ming Chuan University Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan June, 2010 The Influence of Cultural Adaptation on Disney Theme Parks By 駱巧瑜Chaio-Yu, Lou 陳奎因Kuei Yin, Chen 楊凱智Kai-Chih, Yang 徐仁軒Ren-Xuan, Shiu A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Applied English Approved by ________________ Chia-Chin Susan Sung, M.S. Chairperson of the Committee _______________ Chao-Chang Wang, Ph.D. Chairperson of the Department of Applied English Department of Applied English Ming Chuan University Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan June, 2010 Abstract Disneyland is a fascinating worldwide industry, and also the most successfully run theme park in the world. When it comes to theme parks, Disney will be the first thing that comes to everyone’s mind. Because of the great success of Disney, researchers want to look into the reasons why it is so important and so attractive to the entertainment industry. For example, Disney’s Asian theme parks usually would apply local customs and festivals into their programs. And by doing so, it draws more local tourists to attend the events. Disney always pays attention to these cultural factors and uses them to its advantages. Plus,...
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...Cultural Differences and Emotional Intelligence Group 4: Sheila Wade, Sara Shimkus, Jeff Robben, Gus Caruso, Leticia Santana, and Lori McKenzie Central Michigan University Abstract During an the assessment of several countries, values of open-mindedness, inclusion, respect and tolerance are more likely to be attained within a prospectus that encourages the increase of Emotional Intelligence (EI). In this research paper, the role of EI in determining leadership effectiveness was reviewed to explain emotional characteristics specific to five countries: Nigeria, Mexico, Russia, Argentina, and China. These countries were included in a study called Project Globe. GLOBE is the acronym for Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness. In this study, four cultural clusters were utilized, and the role of emotional intelligence was evaluated in determining leadership effectiveness. Emotional Intelligence was appraised more favorably than technical skills and cognitive skills, especially when referring to social skills, and transformational/charismatic leaderships were preferred across cultures. The intent of the collaborative effort of Team 4 was to explore the cultural values and practices in five different countries and to identify their impact on organizational practices and leadership attributes. One way to explore cultural similarities in the world is to study cultural clusters which are a group of countries that share many similarities. The countries in...
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...Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Internationalization Strategy of Colgate-Palmolive 3 2.1 The assesment of the internationalisation of the company 3 2.2 The assessment of geographical characteristics of internationalisation 5 2.3 The outline of the main foreign market entry modes employed by the company 5 2.4 The overview of the enterprise structures and controls used by the company 6 3. Evaluation of academic strategy frameworks for Colgate-Palmolive 8 3.1 Overview of the Bartlett and Ghoshal’s generic strategies framework 8 3.2 Evaluation of the Bartlett and Ghoshal's framework on the company's example 9 4. Conclusion 11 5. List of Figures 12 6. Bibliography 13 1. Introduction What a “Colgate Smile” is a phrase commonly used as a compliment about one’s smile. It has been popularized throughout the whole world, due to Colgate’s good reputation as a successful business. Colgate, today being one of America’s most successful Fortune 500 companies, has a long history of evolution and complex adoption of various business strategies, which led to its current solid powerful position. As representatives of the Colgate-Palmolive Company, we are pleased to tell you more about the success story of our company through this report. In the first part, we will show how CP slowly internationalized and expanded globally by adapting various strategies to become one of the most powerful MNC’s, to then in the second part, give you details...
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...nothing about how they treat gypsies in Central Europe. But what do you know? How can you help me?” In this essay I will describe the client and my reactions to the client. What are power, rank, oppression, minority, racism, diversity, prejudices, and worldview? How I will work in anti- oppressive way. What I can offer this client. What difficulties I envisage. Conclusion. , An economic migrant is someone who comes from the EEA, and who makes a voluntary choice to leave their home country and seek work else where. They have a legal right to travel and to work in different countries within the EU. A political refugee is someone who flees from a stat or country or regime because their political views leave them in danger of persecution even death so that they flee to a friendly nation for protection. My client is a 22 year old Eastern European Caucasian male. He is of average height, has dark brown eyes and short jet black hair. His clothes of jeans, a sweat shirt and trainers are of a shabby appearance and he emits a strong unpleasant body odour. His spoken English is quite good although at times it is not always clear, so I feel that I will have to do a lot of clarification with him. At this stage I do not think it is necessary to have an interpreter, but should I deem it necessary at any stage for the benefit of my client and treatment outcome I will have one. Having an interpreter does at times bridge the language and cultural gap, even though it may not be the ideal communication...
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