...referred to in many historical texts show that the Roman province of Aegyptus (Egypt) was established in 30 BC; however this was not the first time that other civilizations had either controlled or attempted to control Egypt. The Nubians, Persians, Macedonian Greeks had all invaded Egypt over the years but it was the Roman rule that helped to unify Egypt. As far back as 5,500 BC early humans settled the area known as Lower Egypt (the northern section of the Nile) because the Nile such a dependable source of water, transportation, and irrigation which supported agriculture which in turn supported settlements. The unification of the upper and lower Nile (the Nile is one of the few rivers in the world that flows South to North, therefore the “upper” section is actually South and the “lower” section is actually North) to create Ancient Egypt is believed to have taken place around 3150 BC. (“Egyptian History Before & During Roman Rule”, http://www.muhlenberg.edu/library/papyri/egyptian_history.html) The fact that Romans or Greeks were in Egypt does not in itself prove that the Egyptian culture was affected by Rome. To prove that theory I’d like to point to three historical findings that show a definitive Roman influence on the Egyptian way of life. The first historical finding comes in the form of a boat. The Ploion Hellenikon was a style of Nile transport craft which was very different from other Nile vessels of the time. Though the boats both discovered and described...
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...The Ancient Greeks and Romans both began their histories as city-states. While the irregular coastline and the mountainous terrain of the Greek peninsula isolated the various Greek city-states from one another, the city of Rome was located in the geographical middle of a generally north-south plain bordered on the east with mountains and on the west by the sea. Therefore, Rome was exposed to the migrations and invasions of people from the Po River in the north and Sicily in the south. The two primary ethnic and cultural influences upon the Romans were determined to a degree by this geography. That is, the first influence was that of the Etruscans in the north, and the second major influence was that of the Greeks in the south. By the time the city-state of Rome had emerged as a distinct entity out of its Etruscan origins and was prepared to expand its own unique influence, Greek civilization had spread throughout the Mediterranean basin. However, the fierce exclusiveness of the Greek city-states from one another, stemming from their geographical isolation, had determined that Greek colonization of the Mediterranean would be an extension of isolated city-states. The Greek polis did not permit the building of a Greek empire, and the strict barriers to the extension of citizenship prevented any one city-state from becoming dominant. As we have seen from Greek history, the Athenians were on the way to creating an empire through their domination of the Delian League, but this trend...
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...Modern Greek Culture Name: Institution: Impact of Greek culture to our modern culture The ancient Greek culture impacted a lot and will forever influence our today society with its different cultural traits. Common Greek Cultural traits such as politics, religion, architecture, mathematics and science discoveries have lasted even in our today culture (Whitman & Cavarnos, 2010). Ancient Greek philosophers contributed to the formation of democratic government which even today is practiced in many countries as government of the people, for the people and by the people. Also the religious belief and practices of the ancient Greeks are practiced today and are considered moral in our society. Philosophers believed that human beings must live in a good life so that their soul will go to heaven after death. Therefore, Greek culture has influenced our culture’s religion since we also believe that if we do good then good will come to us and if we do wrong then wrong will come to us (Whitman & Cavarnos, 2010). Another Greek culture trait that is used today is their architecture. Some of their architectural designs that were used many years ago are still used in many important buildings today. For example in USA, famous buildings such as the white house and the Lincoln Memorial were designed from ancient Greek architectures (Tzonis, & Giannisē, 2011). Other Greek cultural traits that still exist up to today are science and mathematics discoveries. For example, the oath...
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...ever-changing business climate, utilization of global human resources continues. Whether a multinational corporation or a global corporation, cultural complexities play a dominant part in the handling of HR issues. Cultural differences are a factor in the determination of an organization’s fit within the foreign culture and as such, must be closely examined to succeed in the international business market. According to Myloni et al. (2003), “HRM practices are grounded in cultural beliefs that reflect the basic assumptions and values of the national culture in which organizations are embedded.” (Myloni, Harzing, & Mirza, 2003, p. 7) Professor Geert Hofstede‘s 1984 cultural dimensions research established four dimensions of national culture: power distance, individualism versus collectivism, avoidance of uncertainty, and masculinity. The fifth dimension of long-term versus short-term orientation was later added. (The Hofstede Centre, n.d.) These dimensions represent cultural differences between countries and exhibit how culture influences work behavior and the effectiveness of HRM policies and procedures. Utilizing Hofstede’s cultural dimensions information, this paper will examine how HR issues might be handled in Greece. The first cultural dimension, power distance, refers to the emphasis placed upon human inequality and the attitude of the culture towards those inequalities. Greece has a high power distance score, which means that society believes hierarchy should be respected...
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...Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions: A Comparison of Greece and U.S. Human Resource Management Approaches By Kelly M. Mistretta MBOL2 MBA 533, Human Resource in Management Dr. James C. Dumville Saint Leo University – Center for Online Learning September 9, 2012 Name: Kelly Mistretta Title: Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions: A Comparison of Greece and U.S. Human Resource Management Approaches Date: September 9, 2012 Abstract Globalization continues to become more important in the business culture in our world. No longer can management focus only on companies within their own country. Businesses are forced to compete with companies from other countries. With the increased global competition, a business must understand other cultures if they hope to remain competitive and have continued success. There are several models that show the influence of cultural differences between nations. Hofstede’s model, called the theory of cultural relativity of organization practices is the most recognized model. Hofstede’s model focuses on cultural influences and work behaviors in five different dimensions. Each dimension has important implications in understanding business. This paper will compare the Hofstede analysis of Greece and the United States. Biographical Sketch Kelly Mistretta is currently an MBA student at Saint Leo University. Mistretta has a BA in Accounting and plans to obtain an MBA to equip her with improved business skills to better contribute to society...
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...of Hellenistic cultures to these regions. The Hellenistic civilization and culture encompasses a blend between the Ancient Greek culture, religion and art and the South-West Asia art, culture and religion. The Head of Bodhisattva contained in the Cantor Museum encompasses the head of a Buddhist being that easily attained Buddhahood, but forgoes his Nirvana with the aim of aiding those in the world to walk in the Buddhist path. This Head was created in the Gandhara Ancient kingdom located in South West Asia. This Head was created using the Gandhara or Greco-Buddhist art that was highly influenced by Hellenistic Art. The Head of Alexander the Great encompasses an art created during the Hellenistic Civilization that spread after the Conquests of Alexander the Great. The fact that both The Head of Alexander the Great and The Head of Bodhisattva were created under Hellenistic and Greco-Buddhist art, cultural, religious and artistic connections can be identified between them. Cultural Connections Both Heads were created during the Hellenistic civilization whose major characteristic was the Hellenistic culture. This culture was however influenced by the indigenous cultures of the conquests culminating into the Greco Buddhist culture. During the creation of both heads the main language utilized in Alexandria where The Head of Alexander the Great was discovered and Gandhara where The Head of Bodhisattva was discovered was Greek. Essentially in the Greco-Buddhist culture under which The...
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...Michelle Lin Global History Throughout history, various cultures have blended together to create vast empires. These cultures relied upon each other in mutually beneficial interactions and exchanges. Sometimes, the refusal to accept diversity leads to conflict. Diversity of culture has impacted many of the past’s greatest empires. Among the empires, the Byzantine and the Mongol are perfect examples of diverse culture due to their capabilities of spreading ideas and trade internationally and in exchange for resulting achievements much more beneficial towards them. The Byzantine Empire, although, was deeply influenced by the Roman administration after being the eastern region of the Roman Empire before the split, it also contained Greek elements due to the majority of Greek speaking citizens. The Byzantine Empire served to preserve Roman and Greek culture, allowed the spread of new religion and achievements through cultural diffusion. When the western region of the Roman Empire collapsed in 475, libraries and places of literature were destroyed under the chaos and much of the records kept by the civilization were lost. The eastern half managed to become an independent empire of its own, known today as; The Byzantine Empire. As a result, the Byzantine alone served to preserve the Roman and Greek culture in place of the diminishing western region. Among the preservation saved by Emperor Justinian, the ones that became most significant were the Roman Laws. Justinian then...
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...would be known as the Hellenistic Age. This era was a time of power, conflict, and great cultural influences that paved the way for change and development. This era brought change and artistic influences to the world as it was known until it would change again, marking the end of the Hellenistic Era with the battle of Actium, which was the pivotal moment that would later be defined as the end of Ancient Greece. Yet, while the Hellenistic Age strived,...
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...Cultural Studies Andrea Spann HUMA215-1301B-27 American InterContinental University GREEK Cultural | Political | Economic | Religion | | The language is almost of Latin. | Greece, and especially Athens, is the cradle of democracy in the western civilization. | The economic and social structure of classical Greece, including thecolonies it sent out around the Mediterranean, had many features in commonWith other agricultural civilizations. | Dancing associated With Religious ceremony. | | Ancient Greek Culture was the birthplace of Western civilization about 4000 years ago. | Apart from many smaller changes, it was mainly based on the opportunity for all citizens over 20 to take part in governing the country. | In the 8th-century Greece depended clearly on farming. | At times Greek peasants showed their interest in some of the more emotionalreligious practices imported from the Middle East, which provided more colorthan the official ceremonies of the Greek pantheon and spiced the demandingRoutines of work. | | The art of ancient Greece has exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries from ancient times until the present. | Greek governments supervised the grain trade, providing not onlytransportation facilities but also storage depots to try to minimize theChance of famines. | A common pattern - the Greek economy evolved,Particularly as trade rose and cities grew. | Things that were created turned...
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...The Influence of Music on Self and Society - Values in Music in Eastern and Western Cultures David Eaton July, 2003 Throughout history the unspoken but highly evocative language of music has exerted powerful influences on individuals and societies alike. Felix Mendelssohn once remarked that music is more specific about what it expresses than words written about those expressions could ever be. That music has the power to express, convey and illicit powerful emotions is without question, however the issue of music's moral and ethical power, and how that power affects individuals and societies, is one that receives too little attention in our post-modern world. Ancient cultures held strong beliefs in the moral and ethical power of music and as such it was imperative for artists within those cultures to exercise a certain moral and ethical responsibility in their creative endeavors. As a professional musician for over thirty years I concur with that premise and it is primarily from the axiological, rather than a theoretical or aesthetic viewpoint that I approach this discourse. The responsibility of artists to the social environment in which they live and work is something that I have always had strong sentiments. As we now find ourselves beginning a new millennium, questions with regards to music's origins, its spiritual, religious and mystical properties, its moral and ethical power, its transcendent qualities, the role of the arts and artists and the importance of art in general...
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...Cultural characteristics: Secondary cultural characteristic should be assessed on an individual basis, regardless of the culture. Secondary cultural characteristics such as, occupation and educational level help determine the educational style and level. Primary cultural characteristics including nationality, race, gender and religious affiliation, may affect the educational process and should be considered (Purnell, 2013) Influences of the Greek culture may affect the educational process and outcomes. Culturally, Greek people value eye contact, human warmth, and tend to be expressive in nature. Importantly, they have a general distrust of professionals (Purnell, 2013, p.462-463). In the Greek culture, fitness is held in high regard. They believe that development of the body and mind are equally important (Dalleck, 2002). Learning domain: To meet learning objectives one through five the cognitive and affective domains will be utilized. The cognitive domain involves the development of the learner’s ability to analyze and synthesize information. The cognitive learner responds well lectures, individualized instruction, handouts, visual education materials, and computer aided instruction. The affective domain is used to explore the value system of the client population and to address fears regarding the learned information (Bastable, et.al, 2011, p.388-390). Rationale for educational presentation: My rationale for choosing this topic is that there are 25.8 million people in the...
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...Significance of Ancient Roman Civilization Tuesday, October 02, 2012 7:29 PM Argument for how the achievements of ancient Roman civilization impacted subsequent Western civilization Established one of the largest empires in the world. Enduring legacy that continues to influence Western civilization Achievements: Law and Administration Roads and bridges Institution of a bilingual culture Of greatest significance: Roman Law and Administration Based on principles of justice and reason Instituted a system of common laws to protect citizens Notable aspects that many modern day governments uphold today: The recognition that all men are to be treated equal under the law A person is to be considered guilty until proven innocent The ancient Roman civilization did more than establish one of the largest empires in the world; they also left an enduring legacy which continues to influence Western civilization. Achievements in the areas of law and administration, construction of roads and bridges, and the institution of a bilingual culture helped to form an cultural infrastructure that has prevailed through the ages. Of greatest significance, is the Romans contribution in the areas of law and administration Their laws were based on principles of justice and reason. They institutes a system of common laws that served to protect citizens. A couple of important aspects we continue to value today are the recognition that all people are to be treated equal under...
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...Since early childhood I was very much interested in mythology, particularly in Greek mythology. The images of ancient Greek Gods and Goddesses were not only simply aesthetically pleasant but contained mysterious and exciting myths behind them. When I first began studying Armenian history and visited National Museum of History, I discovered for myself amazing analogies with ancient Greece as well as realized one important matter, that on a large scale, my life today is in many ways determined by ancient Greek culture. In this essay I will try to explain the impact certain historical facts had on my belonging to Armenian culture. First of all, the importance of language in development of any culture cannot be overestimated, because the majority...
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...Western Civilization Midterm Exam The basis for the development of western civilization stems over hundreds of years and involved many different cultures and regions. As civilization evolved different cultures naturally had an impact on one another. The Hebrews, Greeks and Romans did just this, influence one another and these influences carried on to life, as it is known today. From 1500-900 B.C. the Hebrews proved to be a pliable society who endured very hard times coming out with their culture relatively unbroken. The Hebrews were known for their cultural and spiritual laws, rules and morals. The ancient world was a harsh place to thrive and within the harshness they introduced morality and justice. Their belief in one god and their god is something that has extended over hundreds of years and continues into today’s culture. The nucleus of the Hebrew legal belief is found in the Ten Commandments, which is found in the bible. The Bible has had the greatest single influence on religion, ethics, and literature of the West. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all rooted in the scriptures of the Hebrews. Christianity evolved out of Judaism. Jesus and his early followers were Jews, and probably considered themselves Jewish reformers rather than founders of a new religion. The Christian Bible incorporated the Jewish Bible, so the bulk of Christianity's most sacred writings are Jewish as well. Muslims also regard the Jewish and Christian scriptures as important, and many passages...
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...Greco-Roman Influence Cory Martin World Civilization 1 ABG1143A Lisa Burgin October 31, 2011 Greco-Roman Influence The cultural fundamentals of Greek philosophy helped shape the Roman Republic and the empire they ruled. Under both the Greeks and the Romans, the Mediterranean basin became much more tightly integrated than before as both societies organized commercial exchange and sponsored interaction throughout the region ( Bently, Ziegler & Street 2008). The Mediterranean basin, North Africa, parts of Asia and much of Europe was dominated by the Romans at the height of their rule. Five hundred years before B.C.E., until five hundred years after C.E., the Roman Empire was one of the most flourishing empires of its time and era. The Greeks and the Roman government differed greatly. One difference was that the Romans shared their citizenship and became alliances with conquered countries, which allowed them to trade with Rome, have roman spouses and even become citizens of Rome. They also allowed them to run their internal government without the Roman government taking over. These types of well-liked changes allowed Rome to become the most powerful influences of their time. The Roman government, the wars they fought and the religion they believed in, all had influences on their territories and the world as it is today. Shaping of Wars Wars have always been a part of shaping countries. Wars that the Greeks and the Romans ran throughout their empires and conquering...
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