...The Influences that Impact the Perception of Mental Illness in China and Australia. Mental Illness is depicted as an individual’s tendency to exhibit emotions, thoughts and behaviours that do not coincide with what are considered to be the societal norms (Manderscheid et al., 2010). Moreover, throughout history the perception has been that those with mental illnesses should be categorised as dangerous and unstable individuals. Undoubtedly, due to the negative connotations associated with these phrases, society has ignited a severe stigma leading to the “devaluing, disgracing, and disfavouring by the general public”(Abdullah & Brown, 2011) of individuals with these conditions. Although, this has been a long standing prominent issue all around...
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...Heritage Assessment Family centered health promotion Heritage Assessment Culture is a powerful human belief and behavior. Culture involves multiple influences including race, ethnicity, nationality, language and gender and also sociocultural factors, patient’s health belief and behavior. All culture has its own beliefs and values. Most of the people does not know much about own culture until they interact with another culture. In this world there are many different cultures. Having a sound understanding of own culture will guide you to learn about different cultural perceptions on health and illness. Cultural differences affect an individual’s attitudes about health care and ability to understand, manage and deal with illness, diagnosis and treatment. Cultural competence in health care system is to provide care to individual, families and community with diverse values, beliefs and behavior to provide quality care to every individual, not by looking of an individual’s race, ethnicity, cultural background or language. Failure to understand sociocultural factors may cause health issues in different cultural group. Health care personnel should have a sound understanding about a patient values, behaviors and perceptions about health and wellbeing to provide quality care to patients. (INGRAM, 2012) Cultural heritage assessment involves social, economic and health promotion of an individual. The heritage assessment tool help the health care professional to understand the patient’s...
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...to the two most prominent Neurocognitive Disorders namely Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer’s Dementia, the various domains that can be affected as well as the cross- cultural factors to take into consideration 1 2 Contents Introduction: Neurocognitive Disorders (NCD)/ Dementia 4-5 Mild and Major NCD criteria 5-6 Diagnosing a patient with Vascular Dementia 7-8 Diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s Dementia 8-9 Delirium (acute confusional state/ acute brain syndrome) Cross- cultural and contextual perspectives of health 9-11 11-14 - India - Egypt - Islam References 15-16 3 Introduction: Neurocognitive Disorders/ Dementia Neurocognitive disorders (NCD) are a group of disorders in the DSM-5 classification system. These disorders involve the impairment of an individual’s cognitive abilities that involve tasks such as, memory, judgement, problem solving and perception (Burke. A, 2014). Only disorders that show evidence of cognitive deficiencies are classified as NCDs. To name a few, these cognitive deficiencies can be a result of; Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), HIV/AIDS or substance abuse (Burke. A, 2014). The DSM-5 classifies Neurocognitive disorders into three categories, namely, Delirium and Major or Mild NCD. “Within each group, there are further subgroups which are organised according to their aetiology” (Burke. A, 2014: 244) and pathology. As the DSM-5 refer to such disorders as NCD, the ICD-10, still...
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...of the health care systems in the world, extensive processes of international collaboration and migration present the profession of nursing with an escalating challenge in terms of cultural diversity. Ideally, cultural awareness in health care provision entails being sensitive to the different values and perceptions of members of a given community. This is because with the rise in the world population, the percentage relating to minorities has been steadily on the rise and thus the relevance of understanding the aspect of global and cultural awareness. In essence, the adoption of a culturally competent system of health care is important as this ensures that health care professionals remain sensitive to the existent differences between groups, not only in accordance to the outward behavior but also to attitudes relating to emotional events like pain, disability and depression (Christine & Karren, 2013). In this paper I will discuss the scope of global and cultural awareness in relation to the health care system by depicting the various aspects that surround the scope of global and cultural awareness. Factors of culture affecting an individual’s health status The various cultural factors that may have an impact on an individual’s health status are literacy levels, ethnicity, traditions, and health disparities. Literacy levels bear a significant influence on an individual’s health status with the issue affecting many people in the world who exhibit low levels of health literacy...
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...INDIVIDUALS-------------------------------------------- 2 HEALTH CARE ENVIRONMENT------------------ 3 HEALTH & ILLNESS---------------------------------- 4-5 NURSING-------------------------------------------------- 5 CONCLUSION------------------------------------------- 6 REFERENCES------------------------------------------- 7 INTRODUCTION: Nursing is a discipline and a profession. As a profession, nursing is committed to assisting individuals in the performance of activities that contribute to their health. As a discipline, nursing supports the belief that there is a dynamic interrelationship between the individual and the environment (Meleis, et al. 2000). Nursing should be practiced recognizing the physiological, psychological, sociocultural, development and spiritual variables of the patient (Baranowski, Perry , & Parcel, 1997) . This nursing philosophy is based on Neuman System Model, Science of Unitary Beings and Social Cognitive Theory. Nursing is one of the external resources available to the person (Baranowski, Perry, & Parcel, 1997). Nurses use knowledge and skill in working with people to promote, maintain, and restore the balance between the person and the environment, and when necessary, to support a dignified death. Health is a relative state of being which is characterized by wellness, illness, disease, or dysfunction (Meleis, et al. 2000). Any view of health must consider both developmental and environmental influences. A person uses both internal and external...
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...the lack of recognition and integration of patient’s cultural background into their plan of care. She recognized that patient’s cultural background influences their responses to health and illness and more importantly she believed that part of viewing the patient as a whole is taking into account their culture and cultural background in developing a plan of care. Her theory attempts to provide culturally competent nursing care through “cognitively based assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling acts or decisions that are mostly tailor-made to fit with individual, groups, or institution’s cultural values, beliefs, and lifeways.” The goal is to improve health outcome for people who are of different cultural backgrounds. Transcultural Nursing Theory has 3 components to it, the assessment, nursing care plan and evaluation. Leininger believed that a culturally friendly care for the patient begins with a culturalogical assessment which take into consideration the cultural background of an individual patient in relation to his or her health experience. This assessment also require the nurse to be self-aware of his or her own cultural influences especially when dealing with patients from different culture and cultural backgrounds. After assessment, a care plan is developed for the patient. The care plan should include the individual’s patient’s cultural values and beliefs. For example, a good care plan for a patient who is a Muslim and beliefs in praying five times a...
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...the ways that health can be conceptualized by a society. What are the determinants of health in humans? What is the connection between how a society defines health and how it pursues health? Has increased access to technology changed that perception over the last decade? Discuss the connection between health policies, health determinants, and health. Abstract Health policies, health determinants and health are all categories that are intertwined with one another. As technology becomes more advanced within the health industry, society’s perception on healthcare may change for the better or for the worst. And with the new technology, new policies arise. Deliberate the ways that health can be conceptualized by a society. The World Health Organization makes a concept of health in a way that a patient should be cared for in all aspects of their well-being. This not only includes the physical concepts but also the social and psychological components of their health. What this means is that society should not only conceptualize health but also pursue health in all of the areas mentioned. There are many influences to our health whether it is our beliefs, the economy, social and cultural way of living, physical environment and the circumstances that we are dealt with. With that being said, health is the basic and dynamic force that affects the way we live our life. An example of factors that impact health positivity is:...
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...Value/Belief Pattern, Health Perception/Management Pattern, Nutrition/Metabolic Pattern, Elimination (Environmental Health Concerns), Activity/Exercise Pattern. African Americans make up the single largest racial minorities in the states. Most African Americans are of west and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States. However, some immigrants from African, Caribbean, Central American or South American nations, or their descendants, may be identified or self-identify with the term. Values and belief pattern African American has strong kinship bonds, strong work orientation, strong religious orientation, adaptable family roles, use informal support network – church or community, distrust of government & social services – feel “big brother doesn’t care about us’’, most are assimilated to the Anglo-American culture, take care of their own, don’t like to admit they need help – strong sense of pride, lack of knowledge about available services and how the system works, natural remedies used frequently – laying on of hands and prayer are used to heal, Poverty impacts education, self-esteem, quality of life and lifestyle across the lifespan, seniors are highly respected – aging represents respect, authority and wisdom, tend to keep things hidden within the family system – fear being disgraced or family being disgraced. African American has core values like sharing, expressing personal style, being real...
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...The Holistic Assessment: Psychological, Physiological, Cultural, Spiritual and Psychosocial Wilfredo Mamaril Sternberg College The holistic assessment is an essential component of quality care that allows a psychiatric nurse to identify, diagnose and treat their patients based on every individual’s specific needs. A comprehensive assessment of a client’s health across multiple dimensions, such as their physiological, psychological, spiritual, cultural and psychosocial domains, are important “prerequisites for formulating an appropriate nursing diagnosis and plan of care” (Carniaux-Moran) particular to each patient. This assessment is achieved through interviews and assessments between the nurse and the client that “[varies] according to the state of the participants and the context in which the interview takes place” (Carniaux-Moran). It assists a nurse towards a more proficient and thorough diagnoses. For one, it is vital to consider a client’s past and present physical condition in order to determine if any of these medical disorders have an impact on their mental health. For example, patients who present symptoms for some common psychiatric illness such as nervousness, irritability and insomnia, can actually be suffering from underlying medical condition such as hypothyroidism or low lithium levels. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the visual observation of symptoms, nurses often perform a medical workup to rule out organic illnesses and ensure that the client...
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...Analysis Laura Miller Sacred Heart University Pain Management: A concept Analysis Millions suffer from acute or chronic pain every year and the effects of pain exact a tremendous cost on our country in health care costs, rehabilitation and lost worker productivity, as well as the emotional and financial burden it places on patients and their families. The costs of unrelieved pain can result in longer hospital stays, increased rates of re-hospitalization, increased outpatient visits, and decreased ability to function fully leading to lost income and insurance coverage (American academy of pain medicine,2006). The most often used definition for pain is: an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage (Chandra & Ozturk, 2005, p.34; Loeser & Melzack, 1999, p.1607; McHugh & Thoms, 2001, p.33). The aim is to improve communication, develop tools to evaluate the effectiveness of pain management, and how it can be the solution in decreasing the cost of unrelieved pain, decrease re-hospitalization and also improve function and quality of life. Current use and historical perspective Individuals have a great tendency to treat their pain before seeking any medical assistance. Every culture has some type of home remedy that they rely on to treat any type of element including pain. According to Bonica, Pain is as old as humankind and Humankind has been suffering from pain from the days of Adam...
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...structure and concentration of high energy while health and environment as different valence rings each holding electrons which are constantly moving in all possible directions all while orbiting around the nucleus. The space between the nucleus and the valence rings is nursing the spatial potential energy which unites the structure creating larger matter and ultimately the final product, the present material world (Seagar & Slabaugh, 2010). At the base of all matter is consciousness (Garon, 2011), therefore the universal fabric is conscious. A philosophy of nursing should be derived from laws that governing the universe and that is what the author attempts to do. Human Beings Human beings as defined by the writer are closely related to the understanding of human beings derived from humanistic nursing theorist specifically Martha E Rogers and Margaret Neumann. These theorist understood that human beings at a fundamental level are more than their biological makeup, they are consciousness. Sentient beings, or energy fields that are made up of patterns, holographic patterns meaning if one was to take any aspect of their life and put under a theoretical microscope they would see the pattern repeat itself infinitely no matter the sample size (Garon, 2011). Human are dynamic, holistic beings who carry with them a life time of experience that has shaped who they are at the present point. These experiences take shape in the form of culture, beliefs, values, even...
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...QUALITATIVE METHODS FOR SOCIAL HEALTH RESEARCH Name Tutor University Course Date Table of Contents Contents Page Nos. Table of Contents 2 Abstract 3 Literature Review 4 Background 4 The Theory of Planned Behavior 8 Methods and Participants 9 Study Design 9 Data Collection 10 Demographic Details 11 Data Analysis 11 Conclusion 13 Recommendation 14 References 15 Appendices 17 APPENDIX 1: Ethics Form 17 APPENDIX 2: Preliminary Data Analysis 17 Interview Questions 17 APPENDIX 3: Thematic Data Analysis 17 Interview Questions 17 Abstract This study attempted to qualitatively investigate Australian student’s perception of the impact of excessive consumption of fast food on their health, studying in Flinders University. The sample consisted of University students with a diversity of demographic details, including sex, age, and the level of education. The researcher, a 27-year old student, used a purposeful sampling strategy to select respondents for the study. Four participants were convenient in making the results of the study dependable. He used four qualitative interviews as a method of data collection. While carrying out the interviews, the researcher used both open and closed ended questions. In order to ascertain that all the data was recorded, notes taking and audio recordings were used at every stage of the interview...
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...April 14, 2005 NURSING THEORY ➢ Why the interest in theory? 1. The no. 1 requisite if we have to be on the level of being a professional. 2. To guide us in how to go about the different nursing actions. 3. It becomes a framework for organizing data. Theory – speculative in nature Nursing Theory – mental conceptualization where the perspective is a nursing aspect - explain & describe a particular nursing action - can also predict its effects on clients’ outcome - primary purpose is to generate scientific knowledge - serve several essential purposes 1. Description – clarifying ideas, phenomena, experience or circumstances that are not well understood. E.g. meaning of pain to patient 2. Exploration – how ideas are related. E.g. relationship of pain to patient’s physiological & psychological conditions 3. Explanation – the whys of events & occurrences 4. Prediction & Control – knowing & foretelling correctly what will happen & also how to make it happen. E.g. how to control the severity of the client’s pain Components of a Theory a. Concepts – basic unit in the language of theoretical thinking - can be empirical or concrete (can be observed through the senses) or abstract (not observable) b. Definitions – statements of the meaning of a word c. Assumptions – accepted facts d. Phenomena – reality Types of Theories a. Grand Theories – does not prescribe actions ...
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...Evaluation of Cultural Health Beliefs: Health Traditions in the Chines, Hispanic, and American Cultures Modern day American nurses, require cultural competencies in order to provide care to the diverse population in the United States. This population of nurses provide medical care to patients who are from all areas of the earth. There are distinct cultural differences in health traditions. The three areas of health traditions that an RN must assess are, health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration. As an RN assesses these three factors, an understanding of the patient’s health will become apparent. Another useful tool that an RN can utilize, is a heritage assessment tool. This assessment will reveal the heritage of your patient, the patient’s family dynamics, the religious preference, and the practice of rituals or activities. The heritage assessment does describe the patient as a whole and provides great insight to the care of the patient as it pertains to the mind, body, and soul. Understanding a heritage is useful, in the origins of a family, cultural practices, any possible genetic heritages that may provide insight when assessing a patient (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). The heritages of the Chinese, Hispanic, and American will be compared in relation to health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration. Each heritage assessment will reveal different practices and beliefs in respect to healthcare. In the Hispanic culture, health maintenance is...
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...Heritage Assessment Grand Canyon University Family Centered Health Promotion NRS-429V-0102 Heritage Assessment In building cultural competency, the differences of Hispanic, Puerto Rican, and American heritage are compared in this paper, analyzing health maintenance, health promotion, and health restoration in these cultures is based on the use of a culture heritage assessment tool. This tool consists of twenty nine questions about culture, “the greater the number of positive responses, the greater the individual’s identification with a traditional heritage.” (Spector, 2009) In order for healthcare providers to provide optimal health outcomes, the evaluation of different cultures will reveal what similarities and differences are in traditions in all three cultures. It will also help identify the approach that needs to be made in teaching, health maintenance, health protection and health restoration as the provider can use the results as a baseline for treatment. The heritage assessment tool helps to identify that families with diverse cultures have different perceptions on wellness and disease. Cultural Heritage The practice of passing down values, beliefs and traditions is the foundation of practicing cultural heritage. “Heritage consists of determination of one’s ethnic, religious, and cultural background.” (Spector, 2009) “Cultural heritage can be defined as a way of living one’s life including the customs, practices, values, beliefs, traditions and lifestyles...
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