...London School of Engineering and Materials Science Laboratory report writing instructions DEN101 - Fluid Mechanics 1 Flow Rate Measurement Experiment A. Student Student Number: 1234567 Version 2.0, 27 November 2010 Template for Word 97-2003 Abstract This document explains what is expected in your Fluids 1 lab report. The sections that should be covered are outlined and a structure you could follow is proposed. Detailed advice on how to edit the report is given. The document concludes with the marking criteria for this lab report. Table of Contents Abstract 2 1. Introduction 3 1.1. Writing 3 1.2. Editing and formatting 3 1.3. Content of the introduction 4 2. Background and theory 4 3. Apparatus 4 4. Test 4 5. Experimental procedure 4 6. Results 5 7. Discussion 5 8. Conclusions 5 9. References 5 10. Appendix A: Marking criteria 6 Introduction Before starting to write a report, you should think about what is your audience. Am I writing for colleagues who want a lot of detail how it is done, or am I writing for my boss who just wants an executive summary as he has no time for details? In general, there is not a single type of audience and we have to make our writing suitable for the detailed read, as well as the fast perusal. To understand what is required from you in this report, please have a look at the marking criteria in the Appendix. 1 Writing To limit...
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...F-AM F-PM Experiment 9 – Pre-lab Homework Enzyme Kinetics of LDH This pre-lab homework assignment is due at the beginning of your lab session. You are provided with the following portion of a protocol: • Determine concentration of enzyme stock solution, if unknown, by taking an A280 nm reading of a 1:100 dilution (in water). Use a total volume of 1 ml in the cuvette. • Dilute some of the enzyme stock with buffer A to make a 4 mg/ml solution. • Serially dilute the 4 mg/ml solution with buffer A to make working solutions of 400 µg/ml and 40 µg/ml. • Prepare 30 µl of each working solution for every sample The PI of the lab gives you a tube of enzyme and tells you the following before disappearing into the office to write more grant proposals: ➢ There is 50 µl of enzyme stock solution. The enzyme is expensive to purify, so follow the protocol exactly, using as little of the stock solution as possible. ➢ The concentration of the stock solution is currently not known, but a 1 mg/ml concentration of the pure enzyme has an A280 nm of 2.0. ➢ You’ll be performing the assay on 12 samples. ➢ Make enough of each working solution so that you have at least 400 ul to work with when you do the assay (to cover any waste and/or inefficiencies in pippetting). Using the spectrophotometer to read the absorbance at 280 nm, you get a reading of 0.784. 1. (2 pts) What is the concentration of the solution in the cuvette? What is the concentration of the...
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...Percent Copper in a Penny Lab Report Chemistry 101 Section #02 Washington State University By Sadie Yost April 15, 2024 Partner: Abigail Swenson. Introduction This lab was conducted to help students learn how to develop their own experiment by using knowledge gained from previous labs to determine the amount of copper in a 1983 or newer penny. Information from previous labs was used to help students properly collect and analyze data. Throughout the experiment, notetaking and observational skills were also tested. The U.S. Mint was first opened in 1793, and pennies were originally crafted out of 100% pure copper. By 1857, the composition of the penny was altered to incorporate nickel and then switched to a combination of tin and zinc in...
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...the absorption of ultraviolet light by DNA/RNA and its concentration in a sample. The absorption maximum of DNA/RNA is approx 260nm. The purity of a solution of DNA can be determined using a comparison of the optical density values of the solution at various wavelengths. For pure DNA, the observed A260/A280 ratio will be near 1.8. Elevated ratios usually indicate the presence of RNA. The A260/A280 ratio is used to assess RNA purity. An A260/A280 ratio of 1.8-2.1 is indicative of highly purified RNA. The 260/280 ratio below 1.8 often signal the presence of a contaminating protein or phenol. Alternatively, protein or phenol contamination is indicated by 230/260 ratios greater than 0.5. Workflow Time 2 days before the lab session During lab session 1:30 pm Task Cell culture 2:00 pm RNA isolation 5:15 pm Spectrophotometric analysis of your sample Work done by Technician Briefing Student Cell culture (Prepared by technicians) 1 x 105 TM4 cells were seeded in 35mm sterile culture dish with DMEM/10%FBS medium two days before this practical session. Isolation of RNA from cultured cells WARNING: TRIZOL contains phenol and causes...
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...S W I S S G E R M A N U N I V E R S I T Y INORGANIC & ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY REPORT | Subject | : Inorganic & Organic Chemistry Laboratory | Lecturer | : Hery Sutanto S.Si | Instructor | : Tabligh Permana S.Si., Dian Sukmayanda S.Si | Faculty/Class | : Life Science/LS 2 A | Date of Experiment | : 11 April 2012 | Date of Lab. Report | : 18 April 2012 | Semester | : 2 | Time of Experiment | : 14.00-17.00 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Experiment: | Principle of Spectroscopy | NAME : Melisa Grace (14211043) Nur Ratih K. (14111005) Group : G | | Campus BSD CityBumi Serpong DamaiTangerang 15321 – Indonesia | Tel. +62 21 537 6221 Fax. +62 21 537 6201 sgu.info@sgu.ac.id www.sgu.ac.id | EXPERIMENT 5: Extraction of Caffeine From Tea Leaves 1. Objective: To demonstrate the extraction of Caffeine as natural substance by using organic solvent and distillation technique. 2. The Materials, Equipments and Procedures: A) Materials * K2CrO4(Potassium Chromate) * H2SO4 (Sulphuric Acid) * Aquades B) Equipments * Beaker * Volumetric flask (50 ml and 25 ml) * Glass rod * Spatula * Watch glass * Graduated pipette * Pipette * Scale * UV-Vis spectrophotometer * Cuvette C) Methods 1. Equipment and materials necessary for the experiment were prepared on the working table. 2. Calculation...
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...To: Joseph Randall, Laboratory Manager From: Chemist Date: November 11, 2015 Subject: Seal AQ2 Discrete Analyzer Technical Report PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to introduce a complete examination regarding the laboratory’s need for automation equipment in order to keep up with the influx of the Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) samples that have overwhelmed or staff since the new guidelines from the Environmental Protection Agency. SUMMARY: Environmental Laboratories have been finding that by adding automated instruments increases productivity as well as leads to significant business growth. Laboratory owners and managers are seeing the benefit to automating some of the tests that they run. Having a machine like the SEAL SQ2 Discrete Analyzer that can run multiple methods, eliminate human error, save valuable employee time, and use less space will be a much needed addition to our laboratory. The software that is integrated into the analyzer will flow seamlessly into the laboratory information management system (LIMS) we already have in place. DESCRIPTION: The AQ2 discrete analyzer from SEAL Analytical is an extremely automated flexible analyzer that analyzes samples and gives exceptionally accurate data. Automating the Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen method is needed in order to keep up with the influx of new customers needing to comply with the new EPA regulations. The AQ2 analyzer is the same size as a tabletop microwave and is connected to a computer that will...
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...Comparing Growth of E. Coli at 37°C and 25°C and on rich and minimal mediums Lab report 1 Richard Montez MCB 3020L Monday 2 pm June 15, 2013 Abstract: Bacteria is a very diverse creature, and can grow in extreme conditions. There are two variables that factor in finding out what are more optimal conditions in which E. coli can grow, temperature and difference in medium. The two ways to determine the amount of bacteria growth are: optical density by using the spectrophotometer, and also the 10-fold serial dilution, the latter of which is the most accurate way. The 4 phases: lag phase, log phase, stationary phase and death phase, show the strength of the life cycle of a bacteria cell. The results show that at 37°C (normal body temperature) and the LB agar plate (rich medium) gives E. coli better optimal conditions to grow. Introduction Although bacteria is composed of only a single cell, they are extremely involved and we have so much to learn about these creatures. Bacteria can live in some of the most extreme temperatures- from temperatures that could potentially freeze the blood under your skin, to the other end of the spectrum where they could be found at temperatures near 100°C at the mid-ocean volcanic vents. The bacteria we chose to further learn about it's optimal growth conditions was Escherichia Coli. There are two variables in this experiment, temperature and choice of medium. The first variable, the sample was incubated E. Coli at 25°C...
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...LAB Report 14 The Determination of an Equilibrium Constant Zengping Li Introduction: Our objective is to determine the equilibrium constant for the reaction Fe3++SCN- = FeSCN2+ and too see if the equilibrium is same or not under different conditions. Equilibrium constant can tell us which direction the reaction shift to. If eq less than 1, the reaction shift to left. If eq equal to zero, the reaction is equal. If the eq greater than 1, the reaction shift to right. For beaker 1 the M of FeSCN is mole of FeSCN/ total volume = volume of SCN/1000X0.002/0.050=0.00016 Breaker number FeSCN 1 0.00016 2 0.00012 3 0.00008 4 0.00004 Procedure: First, mixing the known amount of Fe(NO3)3 in to known amount of SCN.( assume they react compeletely). Second ,fill the cuvette with the FeSCN mixture that we just got, place it in the spectrometer and start the data collection. Then the absorbance of the mixture will show on the spectrophotometer. With it we can calculate the equilibrium constant that we are looking for. Discussion : Data table Part I: Temperature: 21.9C FeSCN Absorbance 1 0.00016 0.603318 2 0.00012 0.449558 3 0.00008 0.295798 4 0.00004 0.142038 Y=mx+b we have m=3844 and b=-0.011722 and we are looking for absorbance y For beaker 1: y= 3844x0.00016+(-0.011722)=0.603318 Linear Regression equation: y=mx+b PART II Beaker Absorbance FeSCN at eq A 0.253 0.00006277 B 0.356 ...
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...CLC204 – Analytic Chemistry Experiment Quantitative Analysis of an Unknown Liquid Sample Objective: To be familiar with Ultra Violet Spectrophotometer (UV) and Gas Chromatography (GC) used in chemical analysis UV Abstract In this report, people who consumed tom yum soup suffered from nausea and vomiting due to copper poisoning which was found to leach from a pot into the soup under high heat and acidic condition. It was also suspected that an organic compound was present in the soup which enhanced the absorption of copper in consumer. Hence, as an analytical chemist, we have to use UV to determine the actual concentration of copper standards and blank using external calibration standards. The result of the test solution was measured by comparing it with the calibration of copper. Introduction The goal of this experiment is to obtain the concentration of copper in a known solution. Therefore, in this experiment, we will be using UV to measure the absorbance of the solution. A spectrophotometer is used to measure the amount of light that a sample absorbs. Ultraviolet (UV) light is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10nm to 400nm and energy from 3eV to 124Ev. With a shorter wavelength as compared to visible light, UV light is able to penetrate more readily through obstacles. Its name came from a spectrum which humans identify as the colour violet. UV light is invisible, but it can be seen indirectly when it makes other substances...
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...4PY013 MOLECULAR BASIS OF LIFE PROTEIN ASSAY BY BIURET AND FOLIN METHODS Student Number and Name:1316740 Katerina Koupa | Name of Lab Instructor: Dr. J. Walton | Date of the experiment:06/02/2014 | Date of Report Submission:20/02/2014 | (Fig.1) Biuret Reagent Structure ABSTRACT: This report describes the use of the Biuret and Folin methods of protein assay, to verify the protein concentrations of two unknown solutions. To calculate the protein concentrations of the unknowns, nineteen samples were passed through a spectrophotometer which twelve of them had a known protein concentration and there absorbance levels were found. Then a calibration graph was plot that determines the concentration levels of the unknown samples. INTRODUCTION: One of the most typical procedures applied by lab scientist is the protein quantification. Finding protein concentrations in solutions is important in many ways. First of all detecting the levels of a protein in body fluids can result in identifying various diseases. Also protein verification is required for characterization and purification of enzymes. Because of the significance of protein assays laboratories perform this techniques on almost a daily basis. For this experimental procedure, the Biuret and Folin methods were used to determine the protein concentrations of two unknown samples. First the Biuret method (Fig.1) is based on the appearance of peptides bonds in proteins...
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...by the Current Outbreak How the Ebola Virus Spreads Current Level of Infection The Response to the Crisis i. Internally by the local government ii. The role of UN agencies iii. The role of Non governmental agencies iv. The role of the International community v. Canada’s role to date Canada’s Preparedness for a Mass Epidemic Conclusion Bibliography Page 1 of 16 2 3 3 6 8 9 11 13 14 15 EBOLA HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER Introduction This report will attempt to disseminate current and accurate information regarding the status of the Ebola Haemorrhagic fever. While western Africa is currently experiencing the largest outbreak of the Ebola virus in history, this severe and often fatal disease is also affecting thousands of innocent people across our world. Never has the medical community had to deal with such an outbreak. Not only do the medical professionals not know how to treat and handle afflicted patients, they are unable to contain this virus that is spreading at a violent speed. This report will discuss the following issues surrounding Ebola: Historical Occurences, Countries Currently Affected, How the Virus Spreads, Current Level of Infection, Response to the Crisis and Canada’s preparedness for a mass epidemic. Historical Occurrences of Ebola Ebola virus disease, or Ebola haemorrhagic fever first appeared in 1976, in Nzara, Sudan and Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. The epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo was one of the deadliest...
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...PROJECT REPORT FOR BIS APRUVAL ISI MARKED PECKAGED WATER BASED ON R.O.MINARAL DRINKING WATER TRUNKEY PLANT PROJECTED BY A-ACCURATE ION EXCHANGE & CHEMICAL Vatva Ahmedabad A-ACCURATEION EXCHANGE &CHAMICAL 119, Rajdeep Indus. Estate/h Saurastra Narolak Paint, Vatva Tolnaka, Vatva cross Road Vatva, Ahmedabad-382440.Phone:64503834 M: +91 9537530913 E-mail:ronak@a-accuratewater.com Web:a-accuratewater.com Ai/ro/210/11 INTRODUCTION & ABOUT OF PROJECT HOLDER & MINERAL WATER PLANT Welcome to all living life of earth by A-ACCURATE ION EXCHAGE & CHEMICAL. Airs, Water & Food are most Precious gift to human living from nature. Human life circles are start from first to last with mother touch of air &water. Most of water is unusable or highly polluted, this is the reason to treat or filter & count every drop of water. From Human consumption to versatile industrial applications, there is no choice for pure & sure water & here we are step in A-ACCURATE Ion Exchange & Chemical, We are Designing, Manufacturing & Supplying Water Treatment system which adheres to world's most stringent norms, with our on knowledge & on work shop. About A-ACCURATE Ion Exchange & Chemical We are in design, development, & manufacturing since last 25 years. In this field we are working in turnkey project of Granule plant, water filtration system, pharmaindustri, chemical dies - intermediate &textile units. Our any suggestion , offer , or, solution are not as only types of sales agent or, traders, which...
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...Chemistry Modern Analytical Chemistry David Harvey DePauw University Boston Burr Ridge, IL Dubuque, IA Madison, WI New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogotá Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei Toronto McGraw-Hill Higher Education A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies MODERN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Copyright © 2000 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 KGP/KGP 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ISBN 0–07–237547–7 Vice president and editorial director: Kevin T. Kane Publisher: James M. Smith Sponsoring editor: Kent A. Peterson Editorial assistant: Jennifer L. Bensink Developmental editor: Shirley R. Oberbroeckling Senior marketing manager: Martin J. Lange Senior project manager: Jayne Klein Production supervisor: Laura Fuller Coordinator of freelance design: Michelle D. Whitaker Senior photo research coordinator: Lori Hancock Senior supplement coordinator: Audrey A. Reiter Compositor: Shepherd, Inc. Typeface: 10/12 Minion Printer: Quebecor Printing Book Group/Kingsport Freelance cover/interior designer: Elise Lansdon Cover image: © George Diebold/The...
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...I. 진단혈액 진단혈액 수련항목 (1) : 혈액학적검사 기본 술기 표준수련기간 : 1주 수련내용 : ◆ 용어정의 : • 혈액학적검사 : 혈액세포와 응고에 관련된 일련의 검사를 의미한다. 혈구의 체내분포, 구조, 기능에 관련된 검사, 골수에 분포하는 전구세포에 관한 검사, 혈구에 영향을 끼칠 수 있는 혈장 인자에 관한 검사 및 유전자 이상에 관련된 검사 등을 포괄적으로 포함한다. • 망상적혈구수 : 적혈구 성숙 단계 중 정염색성 적아구(orthochromatophilic normoblast) 바로 다음 단계의 세포로 핵이 빠져나간 직후부터를 의미한다. 미토콘드리아, 중심소체(centriole), 리보솜 등을 함유하고 있으며 말초혈액에서 24-48시간의 성숙과정을 거쳐서 성숙한 적혈구로 된다 (Ref. Williams 16th p373-374) ◆ 숙지할 필수 지식 : • 혈액학 검사에 사용되는 검체와 항응고제의 작용기전 및 종류 • 모세관 혈액의 채취 방법과 용도, 채취 시 주의점 및 정맥혈과의 차이점 • 적혈구침강계수(ESR) 검사의 원리 ◆ 습득할 필수 술기 : • Neubauer chamber의 사용 • 미량법(micromethod)를 이용한 헤마토크리트의 측정 • 수기법을 이용한 망상적혈구수 검사 ◆ 국내외 장비 및 시약 현황 : 해당없음 ◆ 추천되는 참고자료 : • 대한혈액학회. 혈액학, 2006. • 대한진단검사의학회 편, 진단검사의학 제 3판, 2001. • Henry, JB. Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods, 24th ed. 2006. 보고서 제출 일자 : 200 년 월 일 평가자 : 지도전문의 인 (일자 : 200 년 월 일) 과장 인 (일자 : 200 년 월 일) 수련위원 인 (일자 : 200 년 월 일) 진단혈액 수련항목 (2) : 자동 혈구계산기 표준수련기간 : 2주 수련내용 : ◆ 용어정의 : • 헤마토크릿(Hct) : 혈액 전체 부피에 대한 적혈구 부피의 비율, 단위는 % 또는 L/L • 평균적혈구용적(MCV) : 적혈구의 평균 용적, 단위는 fL, • MCV = Hct (L/L) X 1,000/RBC count (X1012/L) • 평균적혈구혈색소(MCH) : 적혈구 한 개당 혈색소 양, 단위는 pg, • MCH = hemoglobin (g/L)/RBC count (X1012/L) • 평균적혈구혈색소농도(MCHC) : 적혈구 한 개당 평균 혈색소 농도, • 단위는 g/L, MCHC = hemoglobin (g/L)/Hct (L/L) • 적혈구분포지수(RDW)...
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...Titre de l’édition originale STEVE JOBS : A BIOGRAPHY publiée par Simon & Schuster, Inc. Maquette de couverture : Bleu T Photo de couverture : Albert Watson © 2011 by Walter Isaacson Tous droits réservés. © 2011, éditions Jean-Claude Lattès pour la traduction française. Première édition novembre 2011. ISBN : 978-2-7096-3882-1 « Seuls ceux qui sont assez fous pour penser qu’ils peuvent changer le monde y parviennent. » Publicité Apple « Think Different », 1997 Table des matières Les personnages Introduction : La genèse de ce livre 1- L’enfance : abandonné puis choisi 2- Un couple improbable : les deux Steve 3- Tout lâcher : harmonie, ouverture, détachement… 4- Atari et l’Inde : du zen et de l’art de concevoir des jeux 5- L’Apple I : allumage, démarrage, connexion 6- L’Apple II : l’aube d’une ère nouvelle 7- Chrisann et Lisa : celui qui a abandonné… 8- Xerox et Lisa : les interfaces graphiques 9- Passer en Bourse : vers la gloire et la fortune… 10- Le Mac est né : vous vouliez une révolution 11- Le champ de distorsion de la réalité : imposer ses propres règles du jeu 12- Le design : les vrais artistes simplifient 13- Fabriquer le Mac : le voyage est la récompense 14- Entrée en scène de Sculley : le défi Pepsi 15- Le lancement : changer le monde 16- Gates et Jobs : quand deux orbites se croisent 17- Icare : à monter trop haut… 18- NeXT : Prométhée délivré 19- Pixar : quand la technologie rencontre l’art 20- Un homme comme les autres...
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