...The effects on heart rate on a Daphnia Magna with varied substances William Piper WCCC/Spring 2015 Semester A&P 2 Dr. Sisak Introduction: The purpose of the experiment conducted was to test the effects of varied substances on the heart rate of a Daphnia Magna. A Daphnia Magna is a freshwater flea native to North America (Wikipedia, 2015). The substances used on the Daphnia were aspirin, nasal spray, Alka-Seltzer, coffee, and tea. Aspirin is a common pain reliever and fever reducer (Rx List, 2015). Pain increases heart rate; therefore, a pain reliever would inherently reduce the heart rate of an organism (Storella, 1998). Nasal spray works by constricting blood vessels in the nose to help reduce swelling and inflammation to...
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...to six Daphnis for each temperature of the five different temperatures we are testing, 15°C, 20°C, 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C. after adding the caffeine, we calculated the BPM for each Daphnia individually, then the average for each temperature was taken. The independent variables that we manipulated in this experiment were the amount of the caffeine that was added to the Daphnia’s and the temperature of the water. The dependent variable we measured was the heartbeat of Daphnia’s per minute. One of the confounding variables was the concentration of the water in which the Daphnia’s was in. however; the same environment was used for all the Daphnia’s, which eliminates the effect of this variable in the result. The same light source and the same room temperature (baseline) were used in the all measurement of the...
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...NATURE|Vol 461|1 October 2009 Vol 461|1 October 2009 RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS JOURNAL CLUB Bruce R. Conklin Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, California A geneticist wonders why we need to sleep. Scientists can have a love–hate relationship with sleep. We know that it is vital for our health, but not the reasons why. We celebrate dreams that provide inspiration, but often dismiss sleep as a chore. Yet deep sleep can provide insight into vexing problems. In 1920, pharmacologist Otto Loewi famously had a recurring dream that suggested how he could demonstrate neurotransmission in the lab. The key experimental details escaped him until he captured the dream in a bedside notebook. Later that day, he performed his Nobel-prizewinning experiments with the aid of a few frog hearts and a water bath. Now, a team led by Ying-Hui Fu reports that a single mutation in a gene called DEC2 can cause people to sleep for only about six hours per night instead of the usual eight (Y. He et al. Science 325, 866–870; 2009). This mutation seems to be exceedingly rare, with only two carriers found so far. Only by introducing this mutation into transgenic mice and fruitflies could the researchers show compelling evidence of the mutation’s effect. These two additional waking hours each day are quite remarkable when you consider that, over 80 years, this would add up to more than 8 years of extra productivity! Why are extreme short sleepers so rare? Surely evolutionary pressures...
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...humans and animals. Because heavy metals are very stable and toxic in many chemical compositions, their amount should be estimated very thoroughly. A new approach that involved biosensors was tested in this study. Because the slurries are complex non-unified matrices which composed of two phases – solid and liquid, the cell behavior can varies a lot from the one that explained in water and so the estimation of ion concentration can be not reliable. It was shown that the cell actually behave different in the slurries. Normally the dissolved compounds suppress the biosensor activity and, in the same time, the ions in the particles can released during the tests and interfere with the signal. So the concentration and the pretreatment of the samples should be chosen for every particular biosensor. Additionally, there was an attempt to measure the heavy metal amount and to compare it with the results that were obtained on AAS. The data declares that the bioavailability may differ in the matrices and so the...
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...A Review of Literature Related to Oil Spill Dispersants 1997-2008 for Prince William Sound Regional Citizens’ Advisory Council (PWSRCAC) Anchorage, Alaska by Merv Fingas Spill Science Edmonton, Alberta PWSRCAC Contract Number - 955.08.03 Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in this PWSRCAC-commissioned report are not necessarily those of PWSRCAC September, 2008 ii Abstract This report is a review of the literature on oil spill dispersants published from 1997 to August, 2008. The report identifies and focusses on recent advances in dispersant effectiveness, toxicity, and biodegradation. Other topics such as application, use, behaviour and fate are also covered. The prime motivation for using dispersants is to reduce the impact of oil on shorelines, thus the application must be successful and effectiveness high. As some oil would come ashore, discussion remains on what effectiveness is required to significantly reduce the shoreline impact. A major issue is the actual effectiveness during spills so that these values can be used in estimates for the future. The second motivation for using dispersants is to reduce the impact on birds and mammals on the water surface. The benefits of using dispersants to reduce impacts on wildlife still remain unknown. The third motivation for using dispersants is to promote the biodegradation of oil in the water column. The effect of dispersants on biodegradation is still a matter of dispute. Some papers state that dispersants inhibit...
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...------------------------------------------------- March 2013 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled “Utilization of Characterized Activated Carbon Prepared from Corn Cobs in Sugar Decolorization”, prepared by Dyle Angellowe B. Mapagu, Aurilyn A. Ramirez and Roxanne L. Soriano, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering, is hereby recommended for oral examination. Approved by the Tribunal on Oral Examination with a grade of _________. Engr. Ma. Haidee A. Mabborang Member Engr. Monico U. Tenedor Member Engr. Marianne DC. Calica Member Engr. Caesar P. Llapitan Chairman Accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering. Engr. Ernesto D. Marallag Dean, College of Engineering ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We, the authors, convey our gratefulness and appreciation to the people who have given valuable assistance in the completion of this study. To Engr. Policarpio Mabborang, Jr. for providing a perceptive and logical evaluation of our research, for his corrections and suggestions in the improvement of the study, and for his patience towards us; To Engr. Caesar Llapitan, Engr. Marianne Calica, Engr. Monico Tenedor, and Engr. Ma. Haidee Mabborang, who served as our panelists in the defense, pointed out mistakes and gave good suggestions in revising our thesis; To Engr. Gina Consigna, head of the Feed Laboratory...
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...GMO MYTHS AND TRUTHS An evidence-based examination of the claims made for the safety and efficacy of genetically modified crops Michael Antoniou Claire Robinson John Fagan June 2012 GMO Myths and Truths An evidence-based examination of the claims made for the safety and efficacy of genetically modified crops Version 1.3 by Michael Antoniou Claire Robinson John Fagan © Earth Open Source www.earthopensource.org 2nd Floor 145–157, St John Street, London EC1V 4PY, United Kingdom Contact email: claire.robinson@earthopensource.org June 2012 Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this paper, or otherwise published by EOS, are those of the authors and do not represent the official policy, position, or views of other organizations, universities, companies, or corporations that the authors may be affiliated with. GMO Myths and Truths 2 About the authors Michael Antoniou, PhD is reader in molecular genetics and head, Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King’s Cols: lege London School of Medicine, London, UK. He has 28 years’ experience in the use of genetic engineering technology investigating gene organisation and control, with over 40 peer reviewed publications of original work, and holds inventor status on a number of gene expression biotechnology patents. Dr Antoniou has a large network of collaborators in industry and academia who are making use of his discoveries in gene control mechanisms for the production of research, diagnostic and therapeutic products...
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