...Literature and Philosophy Ancient Greek intellectuals also made influential developments in literature. We owe most of our best selling novel genres to when they first defined in Greece, throughout the 400s B.C. where topics such as comedy, tragedy, poetry and philosophy were born. During the Archaic period of Greece writing, the earliest period, individuals told aloud stories in the form of legends or fables. The famous writer Homer emerged from this time frame and wrote epics inspired by events occurring in the Greece Dark Ages. Homer’s most popular poems were the Iliad and the Odyssey, creating a story, that has been modified throughout the years of retelling, taking place during and after the Trojan War between Greece and Troy. In 1795, Friedrich August Wolf came up with a contradictory idea, debating Homer's existence bringing forth the great Homeric...
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...Minoan and Mycenaeans- Dark ages and recorvery 18th-12th BCE September 12 2012 Minoan Civilization * 1700-1450 BCE (Ancient Crete) * Arthur Evans excavated in early 20th century * Named after King Minos (had a minotaur child because his wife cheated) * Palace has a lot labyrinths (agglutinative architecture) * Semi-destroyed due to earthquakes * Not really sure how Crete was colonized (speculated that people stopped for supplies but instead stayed) * Most of the labyrinths were for storing items * speculated that early Crete was a place for trading and economy * Tablets that were deciphered very little but indicated currency or a trading basis * stored in giant pots called pithoi or pithos * Government formed around a king and a redistributive Economy * King receives the fruits of the labor (ex. Wheat from farming) and stores it in a safe room and later distributes equally among the people * Tablets kept track of what was in the safe rooms * Many paintings (Frescoes) indicated a peaceful looking people (no armor and weapons) and connection to nature (lots of sea imagery since Crete is on an island as well as a sport called bull hopping) * Palace did not have a defensive wall because they had no expectations of enemies attacking Mycenaeans * 1600-1100 BCE * Discovered by Heinreich and Sophia Schlieman by studying Homer’s Odyssey (also uncovered Trojan ruins) * Invaded the Minoans and decimated most...
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...“Those in power write the history, while those who suffer write the songs.” -Frank Harte. In The Odyssey, readers learn how most of the events unfold from Odysseus’ point of view or as the center of attention. He has power and therefore readers are easily influence by what he, and Homer, want them to see and focus on. The minor characters become backgrounds, objects that are simply “there” to add bits to the story and are without much attention or empathy from readers. The Penelopiad relieves this shameful act of the readers, forcing them to see the humanity of the minor characters, more specifically the twelve hanged who mostly tell their stories through song. While reading The Odyssey, the event of hanging the maids is shared in such a cold,...
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...1 Table of Contents Abstract .................................................................................................................................................. 2 I. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 3 II. Mars Odyssey Overview and Missions ................................................................................................. 3 III. Launch Vehicles .................................................................................................................................. 4 IV. Aerobraking........................................................................................................................................ 5 V. Instruments ......................................................................................................................................... 6 1. Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) ................................................................................ 6 2. Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) .................................................................................................. 7 3. The Mars Radiation Environment Experiment (MARIE) ................................................................. 7 VI. Results ............................................................................................................................................... 8 VII. Legacy ............
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...it continues from left to right and so on. Eventually, the Greek alphabet does change to left to right but that’s during the fifth century. (Bantwal, 2008) Greek Education For Greek children, their education mostly consisted of poetry and song. (Hadas, 1950) Education was more popular among young boys but it was not uncommon for girls. The wealthier children remained in school for ten years. Grammatistes, paidotribes and kitharistes were the teachers who taught the children. Grammatistes taught literature, arithmetic, reading and writing. Paidotribes coached boxing, wrestling, and gymnastics. Kitharistes taught music. At age eighteen, boys would train for the military for two years before further education. (Discovery Channel, n.d) The Illiad and the Odyssey Homer wrote the two most classic poems titled the Illiad and the Odyssey. The Illiad is based on the last six weeks of the Trojan War. The main character of the Illiad is Achilles. Achilles and Agamemnon get in a heated argument and Achilles retracts from the war. The Greeks are losing the battle and Achilles does not rejoin the battle until he hears that his friend Patroclus has been killed. Achilles comes up with a plan to build a hollow wooden horse, known as the Trojan horse, as a gift to the Persians. The Greek men entered the horse and waited for instruction. The Persians pushed the horse into their territory behind guarded walls. Once night fell the Greek men jumped...
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...products by focus groups. A lot of times, people don't know what they want until you show it to them." -- BusinessWeek, May 25 1998 View Slideshow View Slideshow One of the great things about Steve Jobs is what comes out of his mouth. The CEO of Apple Computer is a master of hype, hyperbole and the catchy phrase. Even when he's trying to talk normally, brilliant verbiage comes tumbling out. Here's a selection of some of the most insanely great things the man has said, organized by topic: innovation and design, fixing Apple, his greatest sales pitches, life's lessons, taking the fight to the enemy and Pixar. On Innovation and Design: "It's rare that you see an artist in his 30s or 40s able to really contribute something amazing." -- At age 29, in Playboy, February 1985 "I've always wanted to own and control the primary technology in everything we do." -- BusinessWeek Online, Oct. 12, 2004 "Innovation has nothing to do with how many R&D dollars you have. When Apple came up with the Mac, IBM was spending at least 100 times more on R&D. It's not about money. It's about the people you have, how you're led, and how much you get it." -- Fortune, Nov. 9, 1998 "It's really hard to design products by focus groups. A lot of times, people don't know what they want until you show it to them." -- BusinessWeek, May 25 1998 "It comes from saying no to 1,000 things to make sure we don't get on the wrong track or try to do too much." -- BusinessWeek Online, Oct. 12, 2004 "(Miele) really...
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...written word is a well respected art form in and of itself, there are many ways in which the oral telling of stories can achieve more than a literary work. I do not believe true epics, such as Homer’s The Iliad and The Odyssey, survive the transition from oral storytelling to literary works. I believe this to be true because a reader will not get the same story as an audience listening to an oral telling. One of the ways that the literary transitions of epics falls short of the oral telling is the lack of control the author has over the reader’s understanding of the intended emotional response. Devices such as emphasis, volume, delivery, intonation, cadence, and facial expressions are all together lost when a work is being read as opposed to heard and seen. An oral storyteller has the ability to change a single sentence from a sorrowful tragedy to a comedic parody using simply their voice and tone. The first lines of Homer’s The Iliad could be argued to be the most important in the book. Within the first stanza, the whole tone and mood of the epic is set; imagine the immense power a story teller possess here: “RAGE: Sing, Goddess, Achilles’ rage, Black and murderous, that cost the Greek incalculable pain, pitched countless souls of heroes into Hades’ dark, and left their bodies to rot as feasts for dogs and birds, as Zeus’ will was done. Begin with the clash between Agamemnon-The Greek warlord-and godlike Achilles”...
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...adventures are one of the oldest and most celebrated works of literature. These adventures paint pictures of larger-than-life heroes, terrifying battle scenes, and heroic triumphs. Most epics served the purpose of transmitting culture and history, as well as entertaining readers. Among classical epics are the well-known Epic of Gilgamesh, The Iliad, and The Odyssey. However, is the epic adventure a dying breed of literature? Is it possible that epic stories have sustained the test of time and evolved over the centuries? The Lord of the Rings trilogy, including The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King, is one of the greatest examples of a modern day epic. What do The Iliad, The Odyssey, The Epic of Gilgamesh, and The Lord of the Rings all have in common? They all share typical characteristics of epic adventures in some form or another. Though the motives and reasons may differ, the theme of journeying is common to all epic adventures. In The Epic of Gilgamesh, King Gilgamesh sets out on a perilous adventure with his closest friend Enkidu in order to find enduring fame and glory. In The Odyssey, the main character Odysseus embarks on a 10 year-long journey through trials and tests to find his way back home to his wife and son. Epic hero Achilles, of The Iliad, sets out to fight in the legendary Trojan War. Similarly, Frodo Baggins, unassuming hero of The Lord of the Rings, sets out from his home and place of comfort to destroy the evil artifact, The...
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...Ian Warren Mrs. Barber English 10 14 November, 2016 Odysseus As An Epic Hero To most people, a hero is a strong, brave person with an amazing costume. Heroes usually have super-powers and are constantly saving people. However in the novel The Odyssey by Homer an epic hero is a character with great bravery and courage to do the tasks that might not be very easy. Odysseus definitely defines these requirements. He is on a long quest to get back home and faces many monsters and deadly situations. Throughout the Odyssey, while facing many obstacles and distractions, Odysseus must be brave and make courageous choices to make it home. A example of a great monster Odysseus comes upon was the Cyclops Polyphemus. Odysseus was trapped in the...
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...devotees to submit * Cosmogony – related to the creation of the world * Theogony – concerned with the birth of the Gods The Greek’s God world was man-made; it was created in order to understand the concept of Love, Death, Life, Birth etc. They believed that the universe created Gods, which differs from many other religions that deem God made the universe. These “gods” came into being suddenly without any traces or evidences; hence they are thought to be illusory. These myths can be found in the Greek Literature, Iliad and Odyssey which are two famous epic poems that contribute to the oldest literary sources. However, Hesiod, the Theogony and Works and Days have significant role to play in holding records regarding the origin of the world, the birth of human-beings, cause of affliction and despair and many more. Greek Gods & Goddess Around 700 B.C, before the existence of anything, the Greeks believed there was Chaos which was dark, silent and amorphous where days seemed infinitely strange. Mother Earth...
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...What makes the Room sequence an unconventional ending for 2001: A Space Odyssey? The sequence starts with a point of view shot of David. It shows a corner of the room. In the room, an ambience sound is like from the universe. The next shot is an extreme close-up of David. Some colorful reflections of light fall on his face. David’s head shakes. His face is reddish with a tense expression. This shot has a warm tone. By contrast, the following shot has a cooler tone. It is a view of the bedroom with the dock station in it. This wide shot shows the mise-en-scene. The room design is classic European style. Then there are two more shots of different angles of the same scene. The next shot repeats the extreme close-up of David, which appears earlier. The David’s breath gets heavier. Then, it is cut to the shot that is shown at the very beginning of the Room sequence, but this time David himself stands beside the bathroom in red spacesuit. The red color is in a sharp contrast with the room color. Following that, the film is cut to medium shot of David, and then cut to close-up of David’s wrinkled face. Next is a wide shot that shows David crosses the room along a diagonal line. In the following shot, David walks in the bathroom, which does not show the continuity of the spacing. In other words, the editing does not follow the continuity of the character’s movement. Then, the camera pans from left to right in the bathroom. The camera angle is high, as if David looks down, to show...
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...Tennyson (Ulysses and Crossing the Bar) Presented by: Fatima Tawfiq ********************************************************** Tennyson Biography Alfred, Lord Tennyson, is one of the most famous poets in English literature. Many of his poems are standard of 19th-century literature and are critical and popular favorites. The body of critical work on him is immense, and although some of his work is seen as too sentimental today, his intellectual contributions to poetry and metaphysics are undeniable. Alfred Tennyson was born on August 5, 1809 in Somersby, Lincolnshire, where his father George was a clergyman. Young Alfred began writing poetry at a very early age, and published his first work "Poems by Two Brothers" at the tender age of sixteen. In that same year of 1827 Tennyson entered Cambridge University, where he befriended Thackery and produced his second collection, "Poems, Chiefly Lyrical". He also met Emily Selwood, to whom he became engaged in 1839. The Selwood family objected to the engagement, partly because of Tennyson's lack of money, and partly because his brother Charles was unhappily married to Emily's sister Louisa. Tennyson poured his energy into writing, and his "Poems" of 1842 made him extremely popular. He let his doctors convince him to give up writing for a time because of his poor health, but the respite was temporary. In 1847 "The Princess" was another success, and two years later Tennyson married Emily in a secret ceremony. When William Wordsworth...
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...had an abiding interest in astronomy since he was nine years old, following his visit to Pennsylvania and seeing the stars, saying "it looks like the Hayden Planetarium".[6] He obsessively studied astronomy in his teens, and eventually even gained some fame in the astronomy community by giving lectures on the subject at the age of fifteen.[7] Tyson recalls that "so strong was that imprint [of the night sky] that I'm certain that I had no choice in the matter, that in fact, the universe called me."[6] Astronomer Carl Sagan, who was a faculty member at Cornell University, tried to recruit Tyson to Cornell forundergraduate studies.[3] In an interview with writer Daniel Simone,[8] Tyson said: Interestingly, when I applied to Cornell, my application dripped of my passion for the study and research of the Universe. Somehow the admissions office brought my application to the attention of the late Dr. Sagan, and he actually took the initiative and care to contact me. He was very inspirational and a most powerful influence. Dr. Sagan was as great as the universe, an effective mentor. Tyson revisited this moment on his first episode of Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey....
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...Dark taverns lite warmly and dimly of lantern light, more than a place a stage for which heroes slay dragons and monsters lurk through the night. In the centuries before mass literacy there were few stories of any literal value, bards told classic stories to fill the time. Most of these archaic texts, including classics such as The Odyssey and Beowulf, were solely remembered through verbal retellings, told from the point of the narrator. In these stories a valiant hero, like Beowulf or Odysseus, must vanquish a beast and complete a journey. The audience in enraptured by the linear sequential story and desire to be akin to these amazing heroes. When telling the story from an outside perspective the hero is placed upon a pedestal and glorified, this was the original literature. As time progresses and people have the ability to transcribe their ideas and stories onto the pages creating beautiful worlds with words; the narrator shifted from an outside observer to a first person account of the story which could only happen to the protagonist. Jane Eyre, about a...
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...development of Hebrew monotheism created in Judaism was one of the world's greatest religions; it influenced both christianity and islam. When we speak of Judaeo Christian heritage in western civ we talk about the concept of monotheism and the ideas of law, morality and social justice that played a huge part in western culture. A somewhat small group of people, which we know as the Greeks were creating cultural and political ideals that would also have an important impact on western civ. The first Greek civilization was the Mycenaean civilization which took shape and fell to new Greek Speaking invaders according to (insert text book title) The ensuing so called Dark Age did witness the creation of a system of writing and the work of Homer, whose ideals formed the basis of greek education which is shown in the iliad and the odyssey. The polis, or city state had become the chief focus of greek life, and loyalty to the city state made for a close community but also divided greece into independent states, two of the main ones being sparta and athens. Athens was more democratic where sparta was close and highly disciplined. After a victory over the persians the greeks separated into two large alliances. the greeks were not able to overpower the divisions and rivalries. The accomplishments of the greeks formed the fountainhead of western culture. Socrates, plato and aristotle established the foundations of philosophy like we see in the allegory of the cave. our literary forms largely came...
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