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Data Mining

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Assignment-4
1) Determine the benefits of data mining to the businesses when employing: a. Predictive analytics to understand the behavior of customers b. Associations discovery in products sold to customers c. Web mining to discover business intelligence from Web customers d. Clustering to find related customer information
Ans:
a. Services and applications:
Some examples regarding products and services made available from 3G wi-fi networks are usually CDMA2000, UMTS, and EDGE along with a list of others while 4G networks present Wimax2 and also LTE-Advance. The applications are where a great deal of end users find hooked on technology. 3G opened a whole new sphere regarding options together with purposes permitting end users to mode video clip and also sound, video clip getting in touch with, video clip conferencing plus a massive variety of media purposes in the cell phone natural environment. 4G purposes include things like video gaming products and services, amended cell phone net admittance, high definition cell phone television set, video clip conferencing, IP telephone systems and in some cases 3D images television set.
b. Network Architecture: One of many variations involving both of these specifications regarding cpa networks is based on the particular network architecture; the particular 3G cell network is really a Large Spot Cell phone Dependent network that has a circuit-switched subsystem. It relies on substantial satellite connections which connect with telecommunication systems. For example, end users make a call as well as open up the world wide web; a radio transmission can be transmitted to a 3G structure antenna as well as mobile internet site. In which data travels from the mobile internet site to a central switching office by way of wire-line fiber-optic network. Then the central switching office connects the call or data request with the rest of the world. The 4G networks usually are an integration regarding cellular LAN along with Large Spot. 4G doesn't have a circuit-switched subsystem, this can be a simply packet dependent Internet Protocol (IP) program. If a Sprint individual accesses an internet site as well as utilizes an web-based application, a radio transmission can be deliver to a 4G mobile internet site. In which data travels from the satellite to a central office wirelessly using microwave technology. This can be a far more dependable method compared to a wire-line sign due to the fact there is much less network thinking time. The central office, consequently, attaches connects the data using a wire-line network towards the exterior entire world.
c. Data throughput: Another difference is in the data throughput. The data throughput rate for 3G is up to 3.1 mbps with a bandwidth of 5 – 20MHz; while the data throughput rate for 4G networks is 3 to 5 mbps but potentially estimated at a range of 100 to 300 mbps with a bandwidth of 100MHz (or more). Many users are happy with their 3G wireless network service. It is readily available and competitive pricing have enabled millions of users to access mobile technology in ways they never imagined possible. However, 4G networks have had outages and complaints about coverage areas.
d. User Perceptions: The differences are definitely there between the two technologies but the users of today have only gotten a brief taste of the potential benefits of 4G service. The common users who only listen to music and watch the occasional video won’t be to swayed to evolve but the business mined tech savvy individual will be converting as fast as the technologies change. In the next few years, I expect to see a few changes in the 4G services being offered. I look for boosted app performance and capabilities, International 4G Roaming Agreements, Collaborative Network Contributions instead of strain and the end of flat rate data.

2) Distinguish between the 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and 4G WiBro networks based on: 1. Upload and download speeds 2. User perceptions 3. Backward compatibility 4. Service availability
Ans:
a. Upload and download speeds: The introduction involving 4G systems possesses granted us all a number of system possibilities: 4G LTE, 4G WiMax, and also 4G WiBro. The 4G LTE system symbolizes 4G Extended Evolution. Here is the 4G technology utilized by Verizon Wifi. It sustains information charge deals with rates involving 100 Mbps with regard to downloads available and also 50 Mbps with regard to uploads. Users who might be genuinely benefiting from the particular advancements look very happy with the particular 4G LTE services provided right now, but there have been a number of accounts involving very poor on-line and also often absolutely no on-line whatsoever. The vast majority of difficulties are generally from the particular places wherever you will find a lot fewer 4G cellular internet sites. Eventually this is solved.
b. User Perceptions: It is common knowledge that in order to access any 4G network any user must be equipped with any 4G network made it possible for system. Equipment have any boundaries having compatibility of communities while looking for 3G to be able to 4G even so the actual difficulty will be backward compatibility. There exists backward compatibility of LTE-Advanced having LTE. This basically signifies that an LTE terminal will be able to do the job in the LTE-Advanced System along with the similar in reverse. It is because LTE has been meant to end up being backward appropriate for GSM as well as HSPA. Because of this layout, if a sheet of mobile tools trips past the stove of an LTE network, it could possibly fall back again using a 3G network if it has the required radio technologies.
c. Backward Compatibility: As of April 19th, 2012 Verizon’s 4G LTE network coverage maps showed their service covered two-thirds of the U.S Population. This coverage provides service to 230 markets in the United States with expectations of that coverage increasing to 400 markets and 260 million people by the end of 2012. With benefits like security, customer address control, enhanced customer experience and services for diverse uses it will no doubt reach its projected goals.
d. Service Availability: The actual 4G WiMax circle means Worldwide Interoperability pertaining to Microwave Admittance which is an alternative normal (802. 16). This specific technologies is usually the present normal involving Wi-Fi broadband units in America. Dash employs this kind of technologies to its 4G circle. This sort of 4G circle seemed to be made to offer broadband Wi-Fi access with open up Internet Buildings. Its expense to effectiveness percentage surpasses all the technologies and so has introduced access to a lot of users. Nearly all information exchange charges display this kind of technologies to possess a information pace involving 80 Mbps. Studies have shown Fixed WiMax can provide data transfer rates as high as 70 Mbps along with Mobile WiMax featuring data transfer rates as high as thirty Mbps. Any time WiMax normal involving 802. 16d (fixed WiMax) seemed to be improved to 802. 16e (Mobile WiMax) it had been designed to always be counter clockwise works with its prior type. Including LTE, WiMax is usually backward works with 3G engineering. The actual Service access pertaining to WiMax is fixed in that the item simply enables countless users within the normal and will shut down any additional users looking to use the network. For non-line involving look your circle can are as long as 20 -- thirty sq a long way, except for distinct web page involving the transmitting place and the acquiring antenna, the number improves to two, 300 sq a long way. This specific Cellular City Region System may offer voice along with information providers minus the excessive price involving cable or your limitations DSL has together with long distance. The actual WiBro 4G network engineering symbolizes Wi-Fi Broadband. This is offered as an alternative to WiMax. It's a airwaves support for broadband, portable access made with Korea with regards to sustaining connectivity busy. You can find resemblances involving WiBro and also WiMax because your transmission speeds for each are generally very same. Nonetheless, WiBro is able to level available any phone that is mixing derived from one of place completely to another place with speeds as high as 74 miles per hour. WiMax eliminates this specific since it requires a immobile antenna for obtaining your indicate. The actual fee associated with swap offers files charges associated with 25 – 50 Mbps.
3) Identify why the competition between the 4G LTE carriers has been so fierce and describe the benefits of this competition to the subscribers.
Ans: One of the driving factors causing competition between carriers is actually absolutely free themes increase in choices but there are lots of other factors that are causing additional interest inside mobile technology today It is additionally driving this type of fierce competition. One of those factors could be the availability regarding mobile broadband speeds which might be straight competing with fixed line entry technologies. Whether or not you will be on the move and have ones same level of connection speed Equally they do at their home or perhaps office, their productivity levels increase dramatically. Another big factor are your current businesses with remote branch offices that want for you to adopt an cellular enabled business plan the item adopt cellular-enabled company gateways In the same way either first or perhaps back up WAN connections. One of a many some other items causing your competition is governments involving undeveloped nations wanting in order to take advantage of global services through your technology to help increase telephone entry to be able to rural areas unable to be able to be served coming from wired telephone infrastructures. Your own ability to be able to supply 4G LTE network technology possesses accepted your own competition in order to a new level inside accompanying advantages to its user. Charges are usually being driven straight down from possessing greater than sole carrier provide your current service. Data plans have added competitive pricing as well as the desire to be your order winner is usually causing carrier in order to make improvements for you to the systems daily. The race to increase coverage areas is actually driving your own competition lower and spreading your intro to be able to each new market The idea reaches.

4) In January 2012, Verizon stated that 4G LTE is available in 190 cities covering 200 million American subscribers. According to AT&T’s Website, they had plans for covering 20 million Americans in 15 markets by end of 2011. Conclude why Verizon is able to cover more markets than AT&T.
Ans: Verizon was the first carrier in the United States to offer a 4G LTE network. This gave them a full year’s competitive advantage to develop their coverage areas. AT&T just launched their network in September of last year and is trying to catch up. Verizon achieved this lead partly by offering unlimited service plans and popular data-equipped handsets. Verizon also obtained another 17 million people in their customer base by delivering wholesale access through third party resellers.

References: * Turban / Volonino (2011) Information Technology for Management: Improving Strategic and Operational Performance 8th Edition, Class Text * Segan, S. (2012) 3G vs. 4G: What’s the Difference?, PCMag.com, http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2399984,00.asp * Viswanahan, P. (2012) 3G Vs 4G – Which is Better? Pros and Cons of the 3G and 4G Networks, http://mobiledevices.about.com/od/carrierfaq/a/3g-Vs-4g-Which-Is-Better.htm * GoingWimax.com (2009) What is the Difference Between WiMax and LTE?, http://www.goingwimax.com/what-is-the-difference-between-wimax-and-lte-4155/ * Conjecture Corporation (2012) What Are the Differences between WiFi, WiMax and WiBro?, www.wisegeek.com, http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-differences-between-wifi-wimax-and-wibro.htm * Tech-Faq.com (2012) WiBro, http://www.tech-faq.com/wibro.html * Verizon Wireless (2011) News Center LTE Information Center, http://news.verizonwireless.com/LTE/Overview.html

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