1. Name the five phases of the traditional systems development life cycle, and explain the purpose and deliverables of each phase. 2. In which of the five phases of the SDLC do database development activities occur? 3. Are there procedures and processes that are common to the use of SDLC, prototyping, and agile methodologies? Explain any that you can identify and then indicate why the methodologies are considered to be different even though fundamental procedures and processes are still included. 4. Explain the differences between user views, a conceptual schema, and an internal schema as different perspectives of the same database. 5. In the three-schema architecture: a) The view of a manager or other type of user is called the schema. b) The view of the data architect or data administrator is called the schema. c) The view of the database administrator is called the schema. 6. Why might Pine Valley Furniture Company need a data warehouse? 7. As the ability to handle large amounts of data improves, describe three business areas where these very large databases are being used effectively. 8. In the section "Disadvantages of File Processing Systems," the statement is made that the disadvantages of file processing systems can also be limitations of databases, depending on how an organization manages its databases. First, why do organizations create multiple databases, not just one all-inclusive database supporting all data processing needs? Second, what organizational and personal factors are at work that might lead an organization to have multiple, independently managed databases (and, hence, not completely follow the database approach)?

9. Consider your business school or other academic unit as a business enterprise. a. Define several major data entity types and draw a preliminary enterprise data model (similar in notation to Figure l-3a). b. Would your business school or academic unit benefit from a multitiered architecture for data? Why or why not?

10. Using the notation introduced in this chapter, draw a single diagram that represents the following relationships in the hospital environment. a. A HOSPITAL has on its staff one or more PHYSICIANS. A PHYSICIAN is on the staff of only one HOSPITAL. b. A PHYSICIAN may admit one or more PATIENTs. A PATIENT is admitted by only one PHYSICIAN. c. A HOSPITAL has one or more WARDs. Each WARD is located in exactly one HOSPITAL. d. A WARD has any number of EMPLOYEES. An EMPLOYEE may work in one or more WARDs.