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A database is an organized collection of data. The data are typically organized to model relevant aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring this information. For example, modeling the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports finding a hotel with vacancies.
Database management systems (DBMSs) are specially designed applications that interact with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. A general-purpose database management system (DBMS) is a software system designed to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases. Well-known DBMSs includeMySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Microsoft SQL Server,Oracle, SAP, dBASE, FoxPro, IBM DB2, LibreOffice Base and FileMaker Pro. A database is not generally portable across different DBMS, but different DBMSs can by using standards such as SQL and ODBC or JDBC to allow a single application to work with more than one database.
Contents
[hide] * 1 Terminology and overview * 2 Applications and roles * 2.1 General-purpose and special-purpose DBMSs * 3 History * 3.1 1960s Navigational DBMS * 3.2 1970s relational DBMS * 3.3 Database machines and appliances * 3.4 Late-1970s SQL DBMS * 3.5 1980s desktop databases * 3.6 1980s object-oriented databases * 3.7 2000s NoSQL and NewSQL databases * 4 Database research * 5 Database type examples * 6 Database design and modeling * 6.1 Database models * 6.2 External, conceptual, and internal views * 7 Database languages * 8 Performance, security, and availability * 8.1 Database storage * 8.1.1 Database materialized views * 8.1.2 Database and database object replication * 8.2 Database security * 8.3 Transactions and concurrency * 8.4 Migration

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