...When athletes are known worldwide, people become very intrigued in everything they do. Athletes such as Michael Jordan, David Beckham, Sammy Sosa, Michael Johnson, Mark McGwire and the Bryan twins influenced fans to buy their own personal brand of merchandise in an effort to increase value. Athlete endorsement in particular is a popular format to enhance brand awareness in the business world. Prominent athletes in the 1990’s helped endorse companies by improving brand image and enhancing brand awareness in public outings such as magazines, commercials and ads. Athletes that have an abundance of popularity can help companies be known worldwide with a commercial of the athlete recommending the product. Michael Jordan- one of the all time best...
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...Applied Research Technologies Margaret Celeste Moten Project Management – BUS 518 David Plumer Strayer University January 22, 2012 Abstract The Filtration Unit at Applied Research Technologies, Inc. is facing a small crisis. Management must either turn things around or dissolve the unit. This paper discusses the leadership styles exhibited by two managers, Peter Vyas and Cynthia Jackson, as they decide whether to accept a proposal for $2 million to re-launch a previously failed product. The paper then closes with a summary of my personal leadership style and a real world example of leadership in action. Applied Research Technologies Peter Vyas’ Leadership Style Peter Vyas is exhibiting participative leadership. Individuals using this style of leadership place low emphasis on the task but consideration or support for the follower is high (Lewis, 2003, p. 82). Vyas’ leadership style is in line with the culture of the organization – innovation and entrepreneurship. He gives the “what” but allows the team to come up with the “how”. Vyas is concerned with high performance but he’s equally, if not more, concerned with making sure the emotional needs of the team are being met. Participative leaders value their people and encourage them to stay involved and share their ideas. The leader actively seeks input from the team when making decisions or solving problems but retains the final say when choices are made. Research has shown that participative leadership...
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...Prof. Brown Engl. 101 Research Paper False Image, Real Effect Advertisements do not always present the truth but people can still choose to accept it as truth. Advertisers have always stretched the truth in order to sell a product. Advertisements present everything as an extravagant, over the top, perfect for all, necessity. Throughout time, new techniques for advertisements have developed. Because of technological advancements there are more ways to advertise as well. Before, news and anything good would have been spread through word of mouth. Now, there are voices coming through radio stations telling people what they want and need. Advertisement pictures and videos are constantly being played on the television screens, cellphones and almost any other electronic gadget. Advertisers still manage to stretch the truth, now in more creative ways. Advertisements, especially print, are photo-enhancing and distorting images to create a false image. Photographs of human beings, taken to help sell a product, are now being altered and becoming the product. There are many studies that have been conducted on the effects of these altered images, however a majority of these studies revolve around the female body. Targeting men with other men on advertisements is something that has spread widely and effected men's body image. Advertisements give a false image of how men and women should look; these advertisements need to reduce or label the level of retouching or possibly stop retouching...
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...Branding in Soccer Light and Shadow Branding in Soccer Light and Shadow Introduction “Some people think football is a matter of life and death. I assure you, it's much more serious than that.” (Gloves, S. 2012) This much quoted comment of the former, British football manager Bill Shankly describes exactly my view of football. I am a big fan of the most popular sport in the world. Sure I know that this comment is exaggerated, but football becomes more and more important. Not only for the fans and the sportsmen, also for the global economy. (Hamil, S. and Chadwick, S. 2010) In professional football the success goes hand in hand with money. Today it is almost impossible to win a big trophy like the UEFA Championsleague without investing lots of money. The FC Barcelona is ranked as the best team in the world and invested in the last five years an average of 40 Million Euros per annum in new players. (Transfermarkt 2011) But where does all that money come from? According to Uli Hoeneß, the president of German football club FC Bayern Munich, only 15% of the twelve million DMs (6.1 Million Euros) revenue were out of broadcasting, marketing and sponsoring when he began in 1979 his career as a manager. (RP online 2011) His aim was to make his club independent from earnings from the spectators. As you can see in the following diagram he achieved his aim. In the year 2010 Bayern’s matchday earnings were only 21% of the total revenue. The biggest part is now coming from the commercial...
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...former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios. He was the largest individual shareholder in Walt Disney. Jobs’ name is associated with innovative products like the iPod, iPhone, iTunes and iPad. He was a much-respected corporate leader whose management style is studied worldwide. His attention to design, function and style won him millions of fans. Jobs guided Apple to be a major player in the digital revolution. The introduction of the iMac and other cutting-edge products made Apple a powerful brand with a loyal following. Jobs also enjoyed considerable success at Pixar. He created Oscar-winning movies such as ‘Toy Story’ and ‘Finding Nemo’. Jobs’ advice for success is: “You’ve got to find what you love." He died in October 2011, aged 56. David Beckham is an English footballer who was born in London on May 2, 1975. His parents were fanatical Manchester United supporters. His talent was obvious from an early age and he signed with Manchester United on his fourteenth birthday. He helped the youth team win several trophies and made his first team debut in 1995. He helped his...
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...Abstract In this paper I will be talking about the Chandlers police department sex crime unit. The history will be mentioned as well as the people that made a difference within the department. Also, I will be talking about the sex crime unit itself and the responsibilities that the detectives have. The sex offender notification program that they are in charge of will also be mentioned as well as the crimes against adults and the crimes against children that the detectives are responsible for. This paper will also define what sex crimes are and give several examples of different types of sex crimes. The sex crimes that are assigned to Chandlers Sex Crime Unit will also be said. Chandlers Police has conducted some investigation in sex crime cases and a couple of these will be motioned in this paper. I will describe some charts and statistics that I have found like rate and of crime in Chandler for crimes like rape, murder, and violent crimes. Chandler Police Sex Crime Unit The Chandler Police Department in Arizona is known to be one of the best police stations in the state. In November of 1914, Charles M. Beckham was elected as one of the first Constables. In 1923, the first City Hall was built and it was the new home for the Police Force/Jail, the Mayor’s office, City Clerk’s office, City Council Chambers and the Magistrate and his courtroom, (Health, 2005). During the 1970s, the second Police/Court facility was built and the Police and Fire Department were...
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...Unit Aims This unit aims to develop learners’ understanding of the purpose of research in the health and social care sectors. Learners will be able to explore different research methodologies, enable them to plan and conduct their own research relating to a health or social care issue and evaluate the success of the outcomes. Unit Objectives 1 Understand the function of research in health and social care 2 Understand ethical issues relating to research in health and social care 3 Understand research methodologies relevant to health and social care 4 Be able to plan for a research project 5 Be able to conduct research relevant to a health and social care context 6 Be able to interpret research findings WHAT IS RESEARCH? Research is a planned process in which information is collected systematically for a specific purpose, analysed and reported. Research can have many different functions in health and social care. Functions of Research In pairs read through the following study and discuss the function(s) that the research can be used for. Aim: Hofling (1966) aimed to discover whether nurses would comply with an instruction which would involve them having to infringe both hospital regulations & medical ethics. The intention was to test the strength of the doctor-nurse relationship, regarding how far a nurse would go to comply with doctor’s orders against their own code of professional conduct. Procedure: ...
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...Description: This course focuses on the global dimension of technology-enabled innovation. Topics covered include: motivation for a global business outlook, how to proactively access global sources of innovation, coordination and organization of innovation-oriented activities around the world, new product development on a global basis, the role of revitalized global R&D, the growing of prominence of IT, virtual organizations and e-Business, and the increasing role of alliances and linkages with customers, suppliers, and other third parties. Course Structure: This course introduces the latest and most relevant thinking, research and best practices, with an emphasis on learning based on the experiences of actual firms around the world. Individual and team-based project work is an important part of this course. We will be discussing a number of research papers, case studies and relevant reading material during this course. Class interaction is vital to understanding many of the central themes and issues in the area of global innovation. Textbooks: Reverse Innovation, Govindarajan and Trimble, 2012 ISBN-10: 1422157644 ISBN-13: 978-1422157640 The Innovator’s Dilemma, Christensen, 2011 ISBN-10: 0062060244 ISBN-13: 978-0062060242 Case and Readings (HBS): Coursepack: https://cb.hbsp.harvard.edu/cbmp/access/28805771 Course requirements: There will be different types of readings and assignments in this course. First, there is the standard pre-class preparation...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: The Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments Theresa Ensign Burlington County College ABSTRACT Obsessive Compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental illness that effects nearly 5 million Americans, and half a million children. OCD is a disease that many people know of, but few people know about. Many people associate repeated washing of hands, or flicking of switches, and even cleanliness with OCD. However there are many more symptoms, and there are also explanations for those symptoms. In this paper, I will describe what obsessive compulsive disorder is, explain some of the effects of it, and some of the treatments to control it. OCD is a disease that fills the brain with unwanted ideas and worries. It is a disease that effects the cerebral frontal cortex and can start developing as early as age five. It affects both males and females, but males start to show signs of OCD at an earlier age, between the ages of six and fifteen, while in females, it tends to occur later. It is an illness that knows no barriers affecting two to three percent of the U.S. population in any income bracket, of any race, gender, or ethnic group and in any occupation. OCD is characterized by either obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are recurrent thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate and cause marked stress or anxiety. Compulsions are defined as repetitive behaviors, such as handwashing, or mental acts, such as counting or checking...
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...ABSTRACT This research paper tries to expound the conundrums of Causation and Remoteness and the role played by them in tort law. They are two closely linked topics and are, more often than not, contingent upon each other. Through this paper, I have tried to discern the line of distinction between the two while explaining how and why they have become topics for contention among legal scholars. The focus of this paper has been on understanding the concepts and the importance they hold in the process of identifying a tortfeasor. The various tests which have been used in the past for identifying the cause and the ‘closeness’ of the cause have also been taken up. They have been discussed in detail using various case laws. The limitations of these tests have been explored as well. Under what condition does a cause, which may have been proximate, gets ignored has also been deliberated and discussed. Finally the paper is summed up with a general solution which can help law courts to decide on the matters in question without getting involved in the technicalities which currently persist. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION In order to understand the role of causation and remoteness in tortious liability it is imperative that we have a clear idea of what the term causation and remoteness imply in tort law. Very simply put - In a tort case, it is essential to discover whether there was some act or omission by the defendant which caused damage to the plaintiff...
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...Justification of the huge salaries paid to some top athletes; an economic perspective. Over the last century there has been much research into the area of Labour Economics, and hence the determinants of supply, demand and wages for labour. In this essay, I will be looking at the unique example of the Sports Labour Market with specific focus on the European Football Market, and use various economic models to justify the huge salaries currently offered to top athletes within this field. The wages of professional footballers have risen dramatically since the Bosman ruling in December 1995, in which EU football players were given the right to a free transfer at the end of their contracts, with the provision that they were transferring from a club within one EU Association to a club within another EU Association (European Commission, 2012).This has been supported by various studies, including (Simmons, 1997), who argued that the move towards a free agency had the consequent impact of increasing players’ salaries, as the forgone transfer fees translate into increased salaries, since the bargaining power is transferred to the player. This was reinforced by (Downward, 2000) who found that post-Bosman, the wages within the United Kingdom’s Premier League rose considerably. However, these findings conflict with other studies conducted, including (Szymanski, 1999), who argued that the new ruling only lead to increased wages for superstar players who have the greatest bargaining power...
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...CLIO. Histoire, femmes et sociétés Numéro 23 (2006) Le genre du sport ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Jim McKay et Suzanne Laberge Sport et masculinités ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Avertissement Le contenu de ce site relève de la législation française sur la propriété intellectuelle et est la propriété exclusive de l'éditeur. Les œuvres figurant sur ce site peuvent être consultées et reproduites sur un support papier ou numérique sous réserve qu'elles soient strictement réservées à un usage soit personnel, soit scientifique ou pédagogique excluant toute exploitation commerciale. La reproduction devra obligatoirement mentionner l'éditeur, le nom de la revue, l'auteur et la référence du document. Toute autre reproduction est interdite sauf accord préalable de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France. Revues.org est un portail de revues en sciences humaines et sociales développé par le CLEO, Centre pour l'édition électronique...
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...COSMETICS ADOPTION AMONG YOUNG MALE ADULTS IN MALAYSIA CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem Background Personal identity is increasingly sought by consumers and one is recognized based on what one consumes (Firat & Venkatesh, 1993). People try to become the being they desire to be by consuming the items that they imagine will help to create and sustain their idea of themselves, their image and their identity (Bocock, 1993). Judgements about individuals are no longer made upon occupation or role in production but rather on what is consumed and how individuals present themselves (Firat, 1993). Through the possession of products, consumers can display their successes reflecting their personal achievement (Mitchell, 1983). Postmodern consumerism is obsessed with appearance and consumption, where style is a substitute for identity and presentation overshadows essence. This concept is part of a culture that have feminized men (Brod, 1995) and considers women and men as equally involved in the practices of consumption (Bocock, 1993). Masculine and feminine differences have been abolished by the postmodern patterns of consumption (Kacen, 2000) and these patterns of consumption are both determined and enhanced by the types of products consumers invest in (Seabrook, 1999). The construction of the male consumer of who they are, of their identity as men, is now achieved as much through style of dress, body care, image and having the right look, as do their female counterparts...
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...1 Celebrity Endorsement Over 30 years ago Nike signed a huge endorsement contract with Michael Jordan. A deal that is still going on and turned into a lifetime contract. As of now Jordan is gaining more than 60mio US$ every year out of this collaboration (Totalsportek, 2015). This example proves just how much money is spent on celebrity endorsement every year. This also seems to be valid since celebrity endorsement is very valuable as it has the power to make marketing messages stick out more in today’s cluttered marketing environment (Meenaghan, 2001). Within this context athlete endorsement is amongst the most popular forms of celebrity endorsement (Bush, Martin and Bush, 2004). Celebrity endorsement can be divided into three distinct forms: explicit endorsement, where the endorser clearly recommends a product, implicit endorsement where he just mentions that he uses the product, and lastly he can co-present a product, through showing himself with the product (McCracken, 1989). Overall, celebrity endorsement has the ability to significantly influence the view on the endorsed brand, since in a consumer’s mind a high quality endorser is generally seen as a sign for superior product quality, leading to a better evaluation of the brand (Till, 2001). Additionally, well selected celebrity endorsement generally has a positive financial influence for the brand. Several researchers identified a positive impact of endorsement announcements on the stock market price of the respective...
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...STRENGTHS 9 WEAKNESSES 10 OPPURTUNITIES 10 THREATS 11 AFTER ACQUISITION WITH REEBOK 11 STRENGHTS 11 WEAKNESSES 11 OPPURTUNITIES 12 THREATS 12 CONCLUSION 13 REFERANCES 14-15 ABSTRACT The purpose of this report is to evaluate the impact of adidas pending acquisition of Reebok on the sporting goods industry in relationship to Nike position. Evaluation of background information and corporate culture combined with VMOST and SWOT analyses to helped form the arguments presented in this report and have assisted in answering the question, Will adidas forthcoming takeover of Reebok help the new company achieve sustainable competitive advantage over industry leader Nike?. This research was based on the subject that is illustrating an evaluation of the impact of Adidas from acquisition reebok. Furthermore, an investigation of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) related to companies in the sports industry was conducted. On the one hand it was found that Adidas historically grown passion for sports in order to provide athletes with the best possible equipment positively contributes to improve brand awarness and brand image. INTRODUCTION Footwear is no longer viewed as a commodity that just offers protection for feet. Today footwear became basic need for people. The footwear trade is vast and dynamic operation involving huge economies of...
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