...I believe the worst kind of cyber-attack is a DDoS attack. I believe this is the worst attack because it can substantially damage a company’s reputation, and can be extremely expensive to recover from. For instance,” Over 80 per cent of respondents from the world of financial services placed their losses at over £6,000 per hour and in retail, nearly 70 per cent of respondents say outages would hit them to the tune of £63,545 an hour, in excess of £1,270,890 a day” (Swearingen, 2009). Also, it is not that expensive or hard for an attacker to implement a DDOS attack. For example, “For as little as £43 per day, you can also rent a botnet, an adhoc computer network that can be used to amplify attacks” (Swearingen, 2009) “There are now over 50 different tools capable of mounting a successful DDoS attack, and new tools are being developed every day” (Swearingen, 2009). It is common for a DDOS attack to be used against major banks. I found an article about how a DDoS was used to distract the banks from fraudulent activities. Usually this type of attack is meant for bringing down websites, which also still does a lot of damage to the reputation and revenue. However, this attack was different, and it was used to distract bank employees from the fraudulent behavior. After the attackers gained accessed to the banking systems, they were able to change the max amount of wire transfers, and were able to transfer a huge amount of transfers without being detected. They could have been caught...
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...Cloud Based DDoS Mitigation If you can afford it, ensure that your Internet Service Provider gives you a clean pipe using cloud based DDoS mitigation. If you use multiple links, ensure that both links are protected. There is always a signficant amount of residual DDoS that will flow through. That's why you need a DDoS mitigation system in your network to handle the remainder of the attack. IntruGuard helps cloud service providers with solutions for DDoS attack mitigation as well. If your service provider doesn't provide DDoS attack mitigation services, you must take care of your own network to avoid collateral and other damages. Edge Router Access Control Lists Access lists in the router can be used to block certain addresses, if such addresses can be known a priori. But websites open to the public are, by nature, open to connections from individual computers, which are exactly the agents hackers use to initiate attacks. Robust edge routers provide a robust data center infrastructure. They are the key to a solid foundation. Their high performance makes them sustain large DDoS attacks without performance loss. Juniper Routers provide the ability to perform packet-filtering and black-hole routing combined with Traffic Flow Filtering capability data center administrator today use primarily two methods to mitigate attacks once they have been discovered by the NOC; packet filters, and black-hole routing. Packet filters, also referred to as firewall filters or access...
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...A Secure Intrusion detection system against DDOS attack in Wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Network Abstract: Wireless Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is an emerging technology and have great strength to be applied in critical situations like battlefields and commercial applications such as building, traffic surveillance, MANET is infrastructure less, with no any centralized controller exist and also each node contain routing capability, Each device in a MANET is independently free to move in any direction, and will therefore change its connections to other devices frequently. So one of the major challenges wireless mobile ad-hoc networks face today is security, because no central controller exists. MANETs are a kind of wireless ad hoc networks that usually has a routable networking environment on top of a link layer ad hoc network. Ad hoc also contains wireless sensor network so the problems is facing b y sensor network is also faced by MANET. While developing the sensor nodes in unattended environment increases the chances of various attacks. There are many security attacks in MANET and DDoS (Distributed denial of service) is one of them. Our main aim is seeing the effect of DDoS in routing load, packet drop rate, end to end delay, i.e. Maximizing due to attack on network. And with these parameters and many more also we build secure IDS to...
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...issues like Denial of Service (DoS), Cross Site Scripting (XSS), Authentication Bypass, etc. These attacks can cause millions in loss for the organization. Therefore, an effective and efficient security software solutions are required so that these attacks can be prevented well in advanced. In this report, a solution is proposed for Advanced Research Company so that it can manage against potential DOS and DDOS attacks. With the rising competition and being in limelight, the company has painted itself a target to its competitors. There have been some scenarios in the past when an attempt was made to compromise the information of the company. GoldenEye software is used for describing the mentioned case. The software will help to identify the DOS attacks. Brief overview of DOS and DDOS attacks Denial of Service is an attack which disrupts the normal functionality of an Information system. The source of the attack may be local or global. Its main aim is the disruption of services so that the targeted service will be unavailable for the users. The DDOS attack is a type of the DOS attack. In this attack, a large number of hosts are utilized to accomplish the required attack. There can be 1000 of hosts involved in this task and they are also known as “bots” or “zombies”. These attacks are of multi-dimensional type because these attacks vary depending on their mode & target (Hudaib)....
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...Junos® OS DDoS Protection Configuration Guide Release 11.2 Published: 2011-05-11 Copyright © 2011, Juniper Networks, Inc. Juniper Networks, Inc. 1194 North Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale, California 94089 USA 408-745-2000 www.juniper.net This product includes the Envoy SNMP Engine, developed by Epilogue Technology, an Integrated Systems Company. Copyright © 1986-1997, Epilogue Technology Corporation. All rights reserved. This program and its documentation were developed at private expense, and no part of them is in the public domain. This product includes memory allocation software developed by Mark Moraes, copyright © 1988, 1989, 1993, University of Toronto. This product includes FreeBSD software developed by the University of California, Berkeley, and its contributors. All of the documentation and software included in the 4.4BSD and 4.4BSD-Lite Releases is copyrighted by the Regents of the University of California. Copyright © 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994. The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. GateD software copyright © 1995, the Regents of the University. All rights reserved. Gate Daemon was originated and developed through release 3.0 by Cornell University and its collaborators. Gated is based on Kirton’s EGP, UC Berkeley’s routing daemon (routed), and DCN’s HELLO routing protocol. Development of Gated has been supported in part by the National Science Foundation. Portions of the GateD software copyright...
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...NMCI 0 Best Practices for Internal DDoS Attacks Best Practices for Internal DDoS Attacks 2013 Best Practices for DDoS Attack 1 What is a DDoS? A Distributed Denial of Service, DDoS, is an attack which is implemented to take down a server and make it unavailable to legitimate users. This attack can be very costly as it suspends services and causes a break in connection to the internet. The reason this attack is called ‘Distributed’ is because there is a large number of computers that are used to overwhelm the web servers. These computers are called bots or slaves. They are controlled by one computer, which is called the master or handler. The master sends a command to the bots to that will cause an attack. In this case, the master sent a command to flood the web server with fake traffic, which will cause the server to become unreachable. Most of the time, the attack comes from an external source. The attack on the university’s web server originated within the schools network. There was a password sniffer used to capture an Administrator password. The password allowed the attacker to have elevated privileges. This allowed for the bots to be controlled and the attacker to do whatever he or she wanted to do. In this case, the attacker chose to bring down the registration system. Best Practices to Practices to Prevent Internal DDoS There are several measures that can be taken to prevent DDoS. This Guide will focus on steps to prevent these attacks from originating...
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...DDoS Attack Mitigation Username Online College Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have been causing internet disruption for years. The types and frequency has evolved over time (The Growing Threat, 2012). Originally, multiple machines would ping a machine and take up its resources. Then attackers started to use the TCP handshake as an attack medium. They would request so many connections, that there would be none left for legitimate users. Now, the DDoS attacks are hitting at the application level. A DDoS attack at the application layer is very difficult to detect. The attack consumes less bandwidth than other DDoS attacks and the attack targets very specific protocols. Some protocols that they attack are HTTP, used for connecting to web pages, DNS, used for turning a web address to an IP address, and SMTP, used for email transfer (The Growing Threat, 2012). Since they use well known and frequently used protocols to exploit, these attacks easily bypass normal traffic inspectors. The protocols for web must be open on the firewall and IDS because if they weren’t, normal web traffic would not go through. This would make the internet useless for everyone. In order to mitigate this issue and still have connectivity, there are two things the University can do. First, the IT staff can deploy a Host-based Intrusion Prevention System (HIPS). This will be deployed to all of the University computers and centrally managed by a server in the data center. It...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTERNET SECURITY The Internet was originally designed for openness and scalability. However there were a number of issues that evolved with the evolution of the internet. For example, the Internet Protocol (IP) was designed to support ease of attachment of hosts to networks, and provides little support for verifying the contents of IP packet header fields. This makes it possible to fake the source address of packets, and hence difficult to identify the source of traffic. Moreover, there is no support in the IP layer to check if a source is authorized to access a service. Packets are delivered to their destination, and the server at the destination must decide whether to accept and service these packets. While defenses such as firewalls were added to protect the servers from the attacks and threats posed, a key challenge for these defenses was to discriminate legitimate requests for service from malicious access attempts. If it is easier for sources to generate service requests than it is for a server to check the validity of those requests, then it is difficult to protect the server from unauthorized and illegitimate requests that waste the resources of the server. This creates the opportunity for a class of attack known as a denial of service attack [1]. 1.2 DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS A denial of service (DoS) attack is an attempt to make a computer resource such as network bandwidth, CPU time, etc., unavailable to the legitimate users. It disrupts...
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...DDOS prevention capabilities of Appcito CAFÉ Prepare, detect and mitigate DDoS attacks Introduction Consumers today use a wide variety of applications and smart devices to access information, make transactions and conduct business online. In addition, many enterprises have in-house applications that are used by employees to complete tasks and projects. Almost all the applications are deployed on the cloud because it offers a host of advantages. The cloud offers real time, elastic service with the option to pay as you use. But hosting the applications on the cloud also increases the possibility of attacks by malicious hackers. Most of these attacks are in the form of DDoS (distributed denial-ofservice). Virtually, there is no industry that has been spared from DDoS attacks. Such attacks prevent customers and business users from accessing applications. In a world where time is money, any application downtime is sure to affect businesses negatively. These costs range from financial losses and lost business opportunities to poor productivity. Internet and the OSI model At the heart of the cloud is the internet. Or, in other words, the cloud is an extension of the internet. The internet is a complex network connecting computers across the globe for easy transmission of data and information. This complexity arises because there are different types of hardware and software working in unison. In addition, rapid proliferation and adoption of new technologies has added...
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...Running head: Best Practice Guide Best Practice Guide for a DDoS Attack WGU – LOT2 Hacking Task 2 Abstract This paper will accompany a PowerPoint presentation about best practices for preventing a DDoS attack. This will be the best practice guide and will be mentioning and elaborating all of the points in the slideshow. Best Practice Guide for a DDoS Attack It is important to have a plan in place when dealing with a DDoS attack. This guide will serve as the best practice guide for the university. Outlined will be some of the best practices to help prevent a DDoS attack and will be followed by the university. The first thing that the university needs to do is create a response plan and practice the plan over and over. The worst thing that could happen is a DDoS attack starts to occur and nobody knows what to do or what their role is in stopping this attack. A team must be formulated and assignments can be broken down between team members to divide and conquer this attack. It is better to have five different people working on five different tasks or ways to stop the attack instead of five people working on one. The best way to understand the attack is to attack yourself and find the weak spots. Performing a vulnerability assessment on your network will give you a better understanding how your networks functions and where you can find single points of failure. Redundancy is being able to still continue working...
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...IT Security Incident: Network Solutions is a US based network service provider. Company experienced Disturbed Denial of Service attack (DDoS attack) in June 2011. DDos attacks occur when multiple computers are exploited to execute and amplify an attack. The attackers bombarded Network Solution servers with packets causing the load on the company’s servers. The attack left the customers unable to access servers, email accounts, hosted websites or DNS servers. As the further impact of attack, the call centers lines of the service provider was jammed by the queries of customers regarding unable to access the servers. The attacks lasted for several hours after which company was able to restore the servers. Information assets affected: The DDoS attacks caused the servers of Nerwork Solution to be overloaded by the requests. Because of which the server responses were very sluggish or no responses at all for the customers. The end customers experienced the outages and could not access the websites, email accounts, DNS servers hosted by Network Solution. Vulnerabilities: The company is in the business of network service providers. The servers of the company are exposed to internet. The internet protocols used in hosting websites, email servers, DNS servers are mostly unauthenticated e.g. HTTP, SMTP etc. It made it easier for the attackers to gain the access to the server through internet and exploit the access to the servers. Threats: Although these attacks did not lead...
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...Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh, Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk oh Coca cola mat it da mat it eu myun ddo muk...
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...Product Review This section consists of the types of Anti-distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack software and services that are available in the market. Here, we review two big companies providing anti DDoS services to large organizations and 2 different types of software for smaller scale uses. Each is access carefully before comparing them based on their specifications and ability to fend off DDoS. Defense.net Defense.net was founded by Barrett Lyon. 10 years ago, he created the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack mitigation industry. Defense.net DDoS Frontline protects users from DDoS attacks. It has a massive cloud based DDoS mitigation service which allows them to absorb even the most aggressive DDoS attacks. They allow only the legitimate traffic through the website after scrubbing the bad traffics away. Defense.net has very large and new redundant data centers with the latest equipment and tools to fend off DDoS attacks....
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...Running Head: Web Server Application Attacks Web Server Application Attacks Assignment # 1 Mariz Cebron Common web application vulnerabilities and attacks, and recommend mitigation strategies The World Wide Web has evolved into a critical delivery pipeline for institutions to interact with customers, partners and employees. Via browsers, people use web sites to send and receive information via Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) messages to web applications housed on web servers. This information, expected as legitimate messages, can be used illegitimately in unauthorized ways to compromise security vulnerabilities a.) Authentication - one of the biggest web application weaknesses is the failure to provide a means of strong authentication to verify the end user is whom he/she claims. Prior to accessing a web application, a server may require the end user to authenticate him/herself to identify the user or determine the user's access privileges. To mitigate these risks; employ strong authentication, such as HTTPS, with encrypted credentials, require authentication at specified time intervals or movement between web pages, regularly test authentication and implement authorization. b.) SQL injection - Many web applications do not properly strip user input of unnecessary special characters or validate information contained in a web request before using that input directly in SQL queries. SQL...
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...systems, a decentralized p2p network-based virtual currency that is traded into US dollars and other currencies. The mode of these attacks was a DDoS attack (distributed denial of service). A DDoS attack is an attack in which a multiple of compromised systems attack a single target, thereby causing denial of service for users of the targeted system. It works by flooding a web server with bad traffic enough to either shut it down or stop users from performing specific functions online, like making payment or making good on a bill. The motive behind a cyber-attack is taken very seriously to determine whether it is coming from another government, a hacker or a criminal. The attack on the bitcoin virtual system is suspected to be profit motivated, a way for the attackers to cause panic in the exchange then take advantage of the falling prices. The website of Bitcoin, instawallet was forced to shut down after hackers gained access to its database. Instawallet was notoriously insecure as it used a URL password mechanism for protection. . Perpetrators of DDoS attacks are usually nit caught due to nature by which the attack is initiated. There are a number of ways to prevent a DDoS attack. Most institutions, to prevent DDoS attacks, are turning toward service providers for DDoS mitigation. Others are buying and implementing in-house DDoS detection and mitigation technology. Some ISPs are offering service intended to detect and remove malicious traffic before it gets to the clients...
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