...to separate the seeds from the cotton, which took them a very long time to do it. However, after the invention of the cotton gin, it was so much easier to separate the seeds from the cotton, so thus southern did not abolish slavery and they have increased the number of their slaves to harvest more cotton. It was by 1808 that congress banned people from importing the slaves from Africa. However, there were already a lot of slaves available in the United States and their population was growing tremendously. The second cause of the civil war was the constitution. When the founding fathers were debating the constitution, they realized that the people wanted certain protections from the government and that is how the bill of rights was born and came to the picture, stating that we have the freedom of religion, speech, petition, assembly and that is the tenth Amendment. So, when they were debating the constitution, they had to compromise on two issues. First, the representation in Congress, they were trying to find out how they are going to decide on how many representatives each state should have, so there was the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan, and that is when the conflict started, the battle between the bigger states and the smaller states, which lead to the birth of the Great Compromise. Great Compromise dictated that every state would get two senators and the senate and the house of the representative. So, because of the representation being based on the population, the...
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...Hillary started out the discussion by introducing a young girl named Carla, who is worried her parents will be deported. Immediately, Clinton uses pathos to appeal to her audience. Next, she referred to a word Donald Trump stated previously when debating the topic of abortion. Trump abrasively used the word “rip” to describe the abortion process. He stated,”… rip the baby out of the womb of the mother just prior to the birth of the baby.” Clinton then uses the word “rip” in a more sensitive way. She said, “I don't want to rip families apart.” This shows the difference in speech and maturity between the two candidates. Clinton then continues to talk about strong border control and a path to citizenship. She then goes back to using “we” by saying, “So I think we are both a nation of immigrants and we are a nation of laws and that we can act accordingly.” Again, this makes the audience feel included and connected. After, Trump then begins to make false accusations about how Hillary voted for a wall in 2006. Hillary Clinton then explained there is going to be new technology and argues to bring immigrants into the formal economy so employers are unable to exploit them. The tone she used when she said “exploit” showed...
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...PUBLIC SPEAKING AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT A research paper of Gamaliel Eve Relampago MInggong as partial fulfillment of the requirements in English 202 Submitted to: Nora L. Sisneros, M.D TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I- Dynamics of the Study I.a- Rationale of the Study I.b- Significance of the Study I.c- Narrative Approach of the Study I.d- Qualitative Paradigm of the Study CHAPTER II- Research Plans and Methodology II.a- Content Analysis of the Study II.b- Framework and Analysis II.c- Theoretical Foundations of the Study II.d- Interpretative Analysis of the Study REFERENCES CHAPTER I- Dynamics of the Study Public speaking has always been an essential part of our life. We might find ourselves being stuck in a situation to speak in front of people like funerals, weddings, graduations and school activities. It was never erased in our existence. Civic activities are one of these situations. Civic engagement or civic participation is the encouragement of the general public to become involved in the political process and the issues that affect them. It is the community coming together to be a collective source of change, political and non-political. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civic_engagement) Public speaking and Civic engagement goes hand in hand. Without speaking in public, like the definition above, you will never be able to speak your mind out to the general public for the sake of your purpose. Civic engagement doesn’t happen with just watching...
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...Final Project: Persuasive Research Paper 1 Final Project: Persuasive Research Paper Axia College of University of Phoenix Cliff Cook Final Project: Persuasive Research Paper Com 220 April 11, 2010 Final Project: Persuasive Research Paper 2 Illegal immigration is one of the most controversial issues in today’s society. It is a major topic in many political debates, and one cannot read a newspaper or watch the evening news without eventually coming across a story about it. With all of the commotion surrounding illegal immigration, it is no surprise that many American citizens are concerned about how much it will affect their lives. The exact impact of illegal immigration is impossible to measure due to the fact that the majority of illegal immigrants are undocumented. However, it is clear that it has both negative and positive impacts on the American workforce. Whether or not one past outweighs the other is a personal opinion, but the only way to make an informed decision is to know the facts from both sides of the argument. This research report will discuss both the negative and positive impacts that illegal immigration has on the American economy, but will begin by giving a brief background on illegal immigration. [pic] Final Project: Persuasive...
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...streetcars, the organizations created to contest Jim Crow laws, and segregationists’ attempts to silence the protests all provide rich testimony to the spirit of agitation present even in this bleak time in American history (Kelley, 2010, p.5). The Civil Rights Movement was a struggle by African Americans in the mid-1950s to late 1960s to achieve civil rights equal to those of whites, including equal opportunity in employment, housing, and education, as well as the right to vote, the right of equal access to public facilities, and the right to be free of racial discrimination (Law, 2005). This movement sought to restore to African Americans the rights of citizenship guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments. The words civil rights often raise images of Martin Luther King Jr. delivering his soul-stirring “I Have a Dream” speech before the nation’s capital. "The practical cost of change for the nation up to this point has been cheap," Martin Luther King Jr. conceded “(LITWACK, 2009). Martin Luther King Jr., and other leaders of the movement anticipated, the movement provoked gains not only for African Americans but also for women, persons with disabilities, and many others. Organized efforts by an African American, W.E.B. Du Bois, who exhorted blacks to fight for the rights was one of the leading figures of this early movement for civil. Du Bois’s movement led, in part, to the formation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), a civil rights...
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...party’s propaganda where he recruited young men he knew in the army suggesting that he learned early propaganda techniques which would then eventually help him gain dictatorship. Hitler realised there was recognisable symbol or flag representing them, thus in the summer of 1920, the swastika was formed. A uniform symbol to unite the people. Another example of his propaganda intelligence was the commotion he started, when 2 truckloads of party members sent out to drive around with swastikas and throw out leaflets. This was the first time this tactic was used by the Nazis and showed that even in the early years, Hitler understood the power of propaganda. His emotional speech at the Beer Hall Putsch was filled with propaganda content (promises) to rebuild Germany. Hitler also capitalised his trial and used his speech as a propaganda tool to spread his ideology internationally through the massive press coverage. He used analogies to sell his ideas as a dictator to the public. “The man who is born to be a dictator is not compelled. He wills it. He is not driven forward, but drives himself.” Hitler played on people’s racist tendencies and human nature’s desire to be superior as he used the Jews as a scapegoat, blaming them for Germany’s problems in addition to the inefficient “November Criminals” that was then, running the country. His propaganda techniques were...
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...The history of this great nation has been historically built on the foundation of immigration, the forming of one great nation from the generations of many others, coming together with many great and marvelous ideas. From the beginning we have fought for many different freedoms such as speech and religion, just to name a couple and the list goes on. These types of freedoms people throughout the world covet, therefore attempt to enter the United States of America with hopes of sharing these freedoms. Some immigrants come with a legal passage by an ever-growing generous nation jumping through a large number of hoops and legalities, others on illegal terms in large numbers. Now, is it fair for a nation that has been built on such a vase array of different cultures and world travelers to turn away any new comers like to say “we are full?” Is it ok to punish these people for trying to make a better life for themselves and their families? Is it also fair to the tax paying individuals of this great nation to support such a noble cause from blood sweat and tears of our brows? In this debate we will discuss both sides of the argument, pros and cons of illegal immigration in the United States of America, in hopes to bring about a more clear understanding. Illegal immigration is the migration of people from one country into another illegally, violating laws of that country or state. Illegal immigration is universal and present in developed and underdeveloped countries (Palivos, 2010)...
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...Democracy Democracy is a word frequently used in British Politics. We are constantly told that we live in a democracy in Britain and that our political system is "democratic" and that nations that do not match these standards are classed as "undemocratic". The concept of "democracy" is contestable. It is understood by many people to mean a form of government in which a significant portion of the governed society has a franchise to elect members of the governing body. Other observers would argue that a "true" democracy is a system of government that embraces a universal adult franchise. While flaws exist in all democratic systems of government, most advocates accept Churchill's dictum that contemporary democracy as we know it is the least bad of all systems of government. What is democracy? The popular understanding of the term "democracy" is that there are three basic forms: direct, representative and constitutional. Direct democracy is a form of government in which the right to participate in making political decisions is exercised directly by all citizens, acting under procedures of majority rule. In large states, direct or participative democracy is not possible. Representative democracy is a form of government in which the citizens exercise the same right of participation in making political decisions, not in person but through elected representatives. However, different representative political structures can produce substantially different outcomes. There is no simple...
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...The word ‘Communication’ has been derived from the Latin word ‘Communis’ which means ‘Common’. Thus ‘Communication’, strictly, stands for sharing of ideas in common. The term ‘Communication’ has many and varied meanings. Popularly speaking, it may refer to the various means or media of transmitting information from one individual to another from one place to another, e.g., telephone telegraph or television. According to some, it primarily concerned with the transmission of information in a governmental organisation e.g., grapevine, the complaint box, the grievance procedure or the formal chain of command. But the concept of communication with which we are primarily concerned is that it is the act of inducing others to interpret an idea in the manner intended by the speaker of writer. If one person speaks or writes something which is not understandable to others, it is no communication. In short, the entire concept of ‘Communication’ in administration includes: 1. Transmission of information, order and instructions from the top administrator to the middle level administrator and down to the ordinary employees. 2. Transmission of reports, ideas, suggestions, complaints, grievances from the lower cadre employees to the top administration. 3. Cross communication between management groups and the worker groups. 4. Communication to the employees or the administration through extra-administration agencies such as union or other interest groups. Herrbert A Simon...
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...http://crs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/refs/34/1/51 Downloaded from http://crs.sagepub.com at LA TROBE UNIVERSITY on April 21, 2008 © 2008 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution. Critical Sociology 34(1) 51-79 http://crs.sagepub.com Corporate Social Responsibility: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly Subhabrata Bobby Banerjee University of Western Sydney, Australia Abstract In this article I critically analyze contemporary discourses of corporate social responsibility and related discourses of sustainability and corporate citizenship. I argue that despite their emancipatory rhetoric, discourses of corporate citizenship, social responsibility and sustainability are defined by narrow business interests and serve to curtail interests of external stakeholders. I provide an alternate perspective, one that views discourses of corporate citizenship, corporate social responsibility, and sustainability as ideological movements that are intended to legitimize and consolidate the power of large corporations. I also problematize the popular notion of organizational ‘stakeholders’. I...
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...A TEACHER’S GUIDE TO THE SIGNET CLASSIC EDITION OF BOOKER T. WASHINGTON’S UP FROM SLAVERY By VIRGINIA L. SHEPHARD, Ph.D., Florida State University S E R I E S E D I T O R S : W. GEIGER ELLIS, ED.D., ARTHEA J. S. REED, PH.D., UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, EMERITUS and UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, RETIRED A Teacher’s Guide to the Signet Classic Edition of Booker T. Washington’s Up from Slavery 2 INTRODUCTION Booker T. Washington’s commanding presence and oratory deeply moved his contemporaries. His writings continue to influence readers today. Although Washington claimed his autobiography was “a simple, straightforward story, with no attempt at embellishment,” readers for nearly a century have found it richly rewarding. Today, Up From Slavery appeals to a wide audience from early adolescence through adulthood. More important, however, is the inspiration his story of hard work and positive goals gives to all readers. His life is an example providing hope to all. The complexity and contradictions of his life make his autobiography intellectually intriguing for advanced readers. To some he was known as the Sage of Tuskegee or the Black Moses. One of his prominent biographers, Louis R. Harlan, called him the “Wizard of the Tuskegee Machine.” Others acknowledged him to be a complicated person and public figure. Students of American social and political history have come to see that Washington lived a double life. Publicly he appeased the white establishment...
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...UNIT ONE INTRODUCTION TO CIVIC AND ETHICAL EDUCATION 1. INTRODUCTION 2. MEANINGS OF CIVICS AND ETHICAL EDUCATION The Notion of Civics The subject field of civics originates from the nature of human being itself i.e. from the natural behavior and level of interaction of human beings it self. One basic nature of human beings related with this statement is the fact that “man is a social animal” whose life is closely related to each other. Almost all instincts, demands and progresses of human beings are fulfilled in society. The superiority that human beings try to achieve over nature and other living things is the result of the social bond among human beings. If such bond is a requirement for the survival of human beings, then what should be the pattern of social interaction that exist among human beings is closely related with the subject matter of civics. In this regard civics is considered as a subject field which is mainly concerned with teaching citizens as to how they can live harmonious and peaceful life with other citizens and as to how they can resolve conflicts peacefully among them selves. The other basic nature of human being is the political view of philosophy by Plato that, “Man is a political animal”, which means no human being can escape from the deeds of politics and its dayto-day life is either directly or indirectly affected by it. For this reason human beings have to know the workings of politics, institutions that affect their day to day life, norms, principles...
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...Search Go! Going Global: The Impact of Satellite Television on News and Society "Consider man, the prosthetic god. Not being able to run very fast or for very long, he has grafted onto himself additional feet, until he can travel farther and faster than any other animal, and not only on land but also on and under water and in the air. He can reinforce his eyes with glasses, telescopes, and microscopes. Thanks to orbiting satellites, he can, without displacing himself, count wildebeest in the African veldt, or missile silos outside Novosibirsk. Lacking the dolphins ability to communicate great distances, he amplifies his voice with the aid of radio waves...[H]e has acquired a perpetually growing communal memory in the shape of the written word, the photograph, and the recording. Everything we know now, we know forever." –W. Rybczynski (1983) from Taming the Tiger: The Struggle to Control Technology Introduction Satellites have changed the way news is distributed and received around the world. Privatization of news media has allowed global news networks, namely CNN and the BBC, to break up longstanding government monopolies. Continuous news has found a global audience, both for convenience and the most updated story details. Breaking news relies on up to the minute updates, and every second counts in the competitive global news arena. CNN dominates the global airways, but critics maintain that this product is merely a cultural export from the United States. E...
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...Racial & Ethnic Short-Answer Questions (15) Should reparations be paid to the descendants of victims of slavery? • Some reject the decision made in the Bakke case that providing a remedy for the effects of racial discrimination is unconstitutional. They argue that the idea of reparations is rooted in international law. • Affirmative Action is inadequate, the ‘Maafa’ (meaning disaster, i.e., slavery) is a crime against humanity, and therefore compensation is required. • In the past 50 years apologies and financial compensation has been given to a wide range of groups, including survivors of the Jewish holocaust (as well as descendants of the victims), Japanese-Americans who were imprisoned during the Second World War and native Americans who had their land illegally seized in the USA. • African Americans have been demanding compensation for slavery since the end of the American Civil War. Immediately after the abolition of slavery, the demand was for 40 acres and a mule to ensure they would not be dependent on their former slave-owners. Then, between 1890 and 1917, there was a movement to lobby the government for pensions to compensate for their unpaid labour under slavery. Since 1989, Congressman John Conyers Jnr (Michigan) has introduced a bill every year to study the case for reparations. Each of these initiatives has been largely ignored by the political establishment. • Reparations would ensure full recognition of the scale of the Maafa and, at the same time...
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...MOB Final Review Ch 8- Motivation: From Concepts to Applications * Developed by J. Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham, the job characteristics model (5) 1.Skill variety: the degree to which a job requires a variety of different activities so the worker can use specialized skills and talents. The work of a garage owner operator, who does electrical work, rebuilds engine, does body work, and interacts with customer’s scores high on skill variety. The job of a body shop owner worker who sprays paints 8 hrs. a day scores low on this dimension. 2.Task identity: the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work. A cabinet workers who designs a piece of furniture, selects wood, builds the object, and finishes it to perfection has a job that scores high on task identity. A job scoring low on this dimension is operating a factory lathes solely to make table legs. 3.Task significance: the degree to which a job affects the lives or work of other people. The job of a nurse handling the diverse needs of patients in a hospital intensive care unit scores high on task significance; sweeping floors in a hospital scores low. 4.Autonomy: the degree to which a job provides the workers freedom, independence, and discretion in scheduling work and determining the procedures for carrying it out. A salesperson that schedules his or her own work each day decides on the sales approach for each customer without supervision...
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