Knowledge Management ▪ Ancient ▪ Collaboration at the organizational level ▪ Could revolutionize collaboration and computing

Helps organizations ▪ Identify ▪ Select ▪ Organize ▪ Disseminate ▪ Transfer Important information and expertise within the organizational memory in an unstructured manner

Knowledge ▪ Understanding gained through experience or study ▪ Know-how or familiarity with how to do something ▪ Information that is contextual, relevant, and actionable ▪ Accumulation of facts, procedural rules or heuristics ▪ Knowledge is INFORMATION IN ACTION ▪ Actionable (relevant) information available in the right format, at the right time, and at the right place for decision making (TIWANA2000)

← Fact – statement of some element of truth about a subject matter or a domain. Example: milk is white, sun rises in east. ← Heuristics – rule of thumb based on years of experience. Example: strike on independence day in our state ← Intelligence – capacity to acquire, improve and apply knowledge. ← Experience – what we have done and what has happened in past in a specific area of work ← Common sense – natural ability to sense, judge or perceive situations ; grows stronger over time. ← Memory – ability to store and retrieve relevant experience at will, is part of intelligence. ← Learning – is knowledge or skill that is acquired by instruction or study

Knowledge Types ← Explicit knowledge – Objective, rational, technical – Policies, goals, strategies, papers, reports – Codified – Leaky knowledge ← Tacit knowledge – Subjective, experiential learning – Highly personalized – Difficult to formalize – Sticky knowledge

← Shallow (surface) knowledge –