...Declared Word Count: 2748 TABLE OF CONTENT PART A A1.1 | INTRODUCTION | A1.2 | CULTURE | A1.3 | U.K. ADVERTISEMENT | A1.4 | DESCRIPTION OF ADVERTISEMENT | A1.5 | INDIA’S ADVERTISEMENT | A1.6 | DESCRIPTION OF INDIA’S ADVERTISEMENT | A1.7 | HOFSTEDE MODEL | PART B B1.1 | NEW ADVERTISEMENT | B1.2 | MASLOW NEED HIERARCHY THEORY | B1.3 | MASLOW THEORY APPLIED IN ADVERTISEMENT | B1.4 | HOFSTEDE LAW APPLIED IN ADVERTISEMENT | B1.5 | RECOMMANDATION | B1.6 | CONCLUSION | B1.7 | REFERENCES | PART A CULTURE A 1.1 Introduction Nescafe was established in 1930. Brazil government asked Nescafe company to produce coffee cubes. Their aim was to use their coffee surplus. Soluble coffee was introduced to the world on April 1,1938. Its popularity spread with the U.S. military during world war II. The product was named NESCAFE-a combination of NESTLE and café. “nes” means miracle and café mean coffee; miracle with coffee. In the next ten year(2011-2020) NESTLE will be investing £213 million globally in the Nescafe plan. Nescafe has a brand value of $17.8 billion and is on rank #29 of world most valuable brands. It has an annual sale of about $10.5 billion across the world. Nescafe’s biggest launch of 2013 was its gold blend barista style which is intended to appeal customer who want a coffee outlet experience at their home. Nescafe has divided its product into two catogories * Premium Nescafe gold Nescafe alta rick Nescafe gap colombie Nescafe...
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...Processing Theories Top-Down (constructivist) Bottom-Up (ecological) Grouping Laws Law of Closure Law of Proximity Law of Continuity Law of Prgananz Law of Similarity Gestalt Theory Law of Figure/Ground Cognition Cognition Cognitive Processor Memory Long Term Memory -Facts -High capacity -Low Decay -Access Time=100ms Working Memory -Intermediate -7±2 chunks -High Decay -passes to LTM Encodingspecificty Principle (activate association) Discrimination Principle -Too few: can't recall -Too many: false Memory HCI Laws 1- Hick’s Law The more options given to an individual, the longer their decision time will be. T=blog2(n+1) Time to decide Eg: Number of options in menus 2- Power Law of Practice constant Number of choices Uncertainity Increases Decision time The more an individual practices a motor skill, the faster they become at it Constant between 0.4-0.5 Tn=T1n-a+c Time to perform function nth time Eg: learning typing, using a mouse Time to perform Constant Number of repetitions Function 1st time Question: Which activities of the following can have the “Power law of practice" applied to them? Reading a book Sewing Deducing a mathematical equation Playing tennis Solution: Sewing, Playing tennis The law applies only to the time taken to perform the skilled behavior (sensory and motor). However, it does not apply to the knowledge acquisition or improving the...
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...perceives that the particular asset can help in increasing the profit of the organisation. According to the theory the acquisition of the asset can help to increase the profit only if the returns arising due to that asset are more than the interest costs arising due to that asset. On the individual level when we are cosidering the purchase of any asset we should also consider the risk factor associated with that asset. Profit maximization and value maximization they both have more or less same meanings and implications. But if the case is of uncertainity then the profit maximization has no meanings, it remains meaningless for the investors. When the situation is uncertain then in that case the market value maximization becomes the basis for the theory of investment, if this notion is kept in mind then every time when we are going to make a decision to invest or not we should simply keep one thing in our mind that can be the basis of the decision, that is if we aquire the particular asset will it help to increase the value of the firm’s share? If in response of this question we comes on this point that yes it will result in increase in the value of the firm’s share then definitely go for that asset, otherwise reject it. The theory of modigliani and Miller explains us the effect of the capital structure on the value of firm’s...
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...of it are entrenched. Many people feel that the UK constitution works very well without it being condified, whereas other feel there are too many weaknesses towards the constitution and therefore, the constitution doesn't work as it should do. There are many strengths and weaknesses within the constitution. Due to the UK constitution being uncodified, it brings the strength of it being flexible meaning it can change or adapt due to changing circumstances. Another strenght is that it is really democratic meaning that we as a society are included in the law changing. Effective government is also a strength because it means that decisions and laws are made quickly, and also the history of the constitution is the strength as it links the present generations to the past generations. However, there are also weaknesses of the constitution, including uncertainity as it is sometimes hard to know what the constitution says. Elective dictatorship and the centralisation are also a weaknes because people argue that too much power is centralised into the PM (Prime minister) and the cabinet. This brings us to the weak right protection as the constitution is provided with weak protection for laws and rights. I will now talk about this in more detail. UK's constitution is uncodified, meaning that it is not written down in a single document, unlike US's which makes it harder for them to change any laws or rights. Therefore, the strength of the UK constitution is that it is flexible, meaning that...
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...How should Mercy Corps decide which functions should be performed by the operating units and which functions should be the responsibility of headquarters? What should drive these decisions? Mercy Corps is a adaptive organization as Logistics,-cntral Planning Training- Centrl as it newly Hirerd resources require development and support before they are ready to take responsibilities in the field Communication- The standard practises and guidelines of communication should be centralized so that people across the organizations communicate in a standardized manner and there would be less ambiguity in communication for eg. People were copying multiple names in email and not getting required answers because it was ambiguous to whom the email was addressed. Also this would help in increasing communication between different operational units and the headquarters. This practises can be communicated via messages through digital library to collect and make available the key organization documents consolidating and refining innovations, so people know whom to address their problems and questions, roles-responsibility and lines of authority and reporting organizational chart for guidelines by central so that field staff can access goals, objectives and activities, activities for the programs whehther they are meeting their objectives in line with the organizational goals and design, monitor and evaluate programs. In this manner employees in the field staff wil not be overloaded with...
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...Introduction: KCPL was started in 1945 by Mohan Kumar Gupta in jaipur to sell sugar candies under the brand MKG.after successful start Mohan Kumar shifted production to another state UP.to build further on his success he established network in Bihar and MP.went into candy business as raw material required were the same.1973-74 2nd in northen region. Reasons for decline in business: scarcity of ingredients, absentism of workers, stringent government laws.biscuit business is all that they have. Major problem: Kcpl is in dilemma and has to decide their response to the offer of becoming a contract manufacturing unit (CMU) of APL along with pros and cons of the offer. Possible solution available: * Rebuild ‘MKG’ brand Reason: vision of Mohan kumar gupta to be a national leader Legacy that they want to give to their sons (prestige issue) They take salary dependent business About brand: Mid range player: Consumers: Middle class families, urban and semi urban areas Small and medium sized institutions (360/2400 tonnes) Strategies to rebrand: Solve HR problem (casual workers) Increase Canteen share by targeting large institutions (quality, not premium brand problems) Control loose sell of biscuits (by spreading awareness about health issues that can arise by consuming loose biscuits) Brand advetisement: Vernacular newspaper Possible Solutions to HR problems: Restructure production process by introducing new machienary less workers Quality control ...
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...Ethical but illegal Best Answer: It is illegal to run a traffic light or speed even though it is ethical if someone's life depended on it.. like if you had to rush them to the hospital. It is illegal to work "off the clock" (voluntarily or not) if you are an hourly employee even though it might be the ethical thing to do in order to help the company progress forward. It is illegal to let someone else use your perscription athsma inhaler even though it might be the ethical thing to do if they are having an attack. It is illegal to lease a car or an apartment in your name for someone else who otherwise would not qualify but it is an ethical thing to do if it is going to help them succeed in life. It is legal to mislead people when selling a product or service provided that you did not directly lie about it even though it is unethical to make them believe that what you are offering is not what you represented it to be. It is perfectly legal to operate multi-level marketing and pyramid-type operations even though it is unethical to promise people that they will make $40,000 a week. It is perfectly legal to initiate a hostile takeover on a small business yet it is unethical to forcibly acquire what someone had worked so hard to build. It is perfectly legal to "pump & dump" stocks even though it is unethical to con people out of their money. Behaviors that are illegal but are thought by many to be ethical include jaywalking, mixing food and paper waste...
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...Agency is defined as the capacity of an entity to act in any given situation independently and to make their own free choices. A decision or desire of some higher being produces every step of Odysseus’s journey. Zeus even says in the beginning of the epic that he wants to plan for Odysseus’s return home. Thus through every step of the journey he had some sort of divine agency in his aid that enabled him to get past the challenges another god, Poseidon. These are seen through countless examples in the epic but something to be noticed is that unfortunately others do not have as much favor with the gods as Odysseus had. In Book XVIII we see Odysseus finally back home and engaging in some interactions with the suitors under the guise of a poor man. One that stands out is the one he has with Amphinomos after this suitor gives him some food and kindness. For despite Odysseus’s...
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...for international students ahead of America, Newzeland, Canada, Germany and Australia (Haung R, 2005). For many years UK education has been known the best in the world for delivering quality education. UK is reputed for its higher education and has been benefited in speeding its market penetration worldwide (Binsardi A, 2003). Higher education is a key in development of industrial knowledge societies. Students and employer demands for higher quality education is increasing which has resulted in a rapid growth of transnational student mobility (Binsardi & Ekwulungo, 2008). The aim of this research paper is an attempt to examine the push and pull factors which motivate international students desire to seek UK education and influencing the decision making process in selection of final study destination. It also try to find how social and economic forces influence students in host country to push them study abroad? Demand for higher education is boomin around the world (economist,2010). Cross border mobility of students is a core component of internationalisation of higher education which has significant economic and academic implications (Li & Bray, 2007). International students mobility has been noticibaly increasing and becoming an impotrant part of the global higher education scene (verbik,2007). Over the past two decades considerable number of students mobility occured where four million students studied abroad in 2004, which is three times higher than the number in 1980. Binsardi...
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...the implications of a new product on operations managment the implications of a new product on operations managment By: Mwenya Musakanya SN: 14100042 BS343 PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT By: Mwenya Musakanya SN: 14100042 BS343 PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 New Products and Product Design 2 2.1 Factors to Consider in Product Design 3 2.1.1 Design for Manufacture 3 2.1.2 Product Life Cycle 3 3 Process Selection 4 3.1 Process Decisions 4 3.2 Factors to Consider in Process Design 5 3.2.1 Choice of Technology 5 3.2.2 Process Planning 5 4 Capacity Planning 5 4.1 Process of Capacity Planning 6 4.2 Importance of Capacity Planning for New Products 7 5 Quality Control 7 5.1 Methods that can be used to control Quality 7 5.1.1 Verification of the Design Quality 8 5.1.2 Product Quality Control 8 5.1.3 Supplier Quality Control 8 5.1.4 Early Warning Mechanism 8 6 Forecasting 9 6.1 Methods used in Forecasting 10 6.1.1 Short Term Forecast 10 6.1.2 Long Term Forecast 10 7 Conclusion 10 8 References 12 Introduction New product launches are highly complex and can pose major challenges to companies. But then, managing the relationship between product generations and diversity can greatly increase the chances for success for a company. Traditionally, new products have offered great opportunities for companies to innovate, connect with their customers and provide value added services and products. When...
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...Vertex R&D portfolio Decision Joshua Boger, CEO of Vertex has to decide on two out of four R&D portfolios that are to be fully funded by Vertex and to decide on the fate of the other two portfolios i.e. whether to partner or hold them as backups. In order to decide on the R&D portfolio, an objective quantitative analysis might not be suitable considering the high levels of uncertainities and consequently the risks involved in pharmaceutical research projects. It is important to have a qualitative analysis of the situation as a whole that includes Vertex’s own financial position, strategic implications, a quantitative analysis of its Portfolios with realistic estimations and a risk analysis of the portfolios. 1. Vertex finacial analysis As per Vertex’s income statement(exhibit- 2B), it is clear that Vertex R&D expenditures in most of the preceeding years until 2002 has exceeded its revenue to the tune of 120% of its revenue in 2002 . The net income has been negative for all these years and the company is yet to prove itself in the stock market and gain investor’s confidence (exhibit-5). As per exhibit-2a, though Vertex’s cash position is strong, most of it (~50%) is through convertible debt and unless Vertex creates a breakthrough in the market through block buster drugs or substantial revenue it is unlikely that Vertex can attract funds or generate interestes in the market for additional funding for its projects. Also in oder to scale its operations e.g. sales and marketing...
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...Year-wise analysis of additionality Year 2006: In the year 2006 a total of 19 wind energy projects were registered out of which 14 were small scale projects. Small scale projects: Additionality of 3 small scale projects has been studied as a sample. These projects are: 1. Generation of electricity from 6.25 MW capacity wind mills by Sun-n-Sand Hotels Pvt. Ltd at Soda Mada Rajasthan 2. 3.75 MW Small Scale Grid Connected “Demonstration Wind Farm Project” at Chalkewadi, District Satara, State Mahararashtra 3. 10.6 MW wind farm at Village Badabagh, District Jaisalmer, Rajasthan. All the 3 projects demonstrated investment barrier in the additionality. The 6.25 MW and 10.6 MW project showed that the cost of power generation through wind is higher compared to that of coal and fuel oil, whereas. The 3.75 MW project has shown how due to non payment by Maharashtra state electricity board the project participants were not able to repay the loan (50 % of the total project cost). This has also been shown as a regulatory risk by the project proponent. The projects have demonstrated technology barrier faced due to poor penetration of wind energy and uncertainty in power generation through wind. The 6.25 MW project also faced technological barrier by using higher capacity of WTGs (1250 Kw) and other barriers like investment in power evacuation, unskilled manpower and lack of experience due to new technology. The 10.6 MW project in Rajasthan faced regulatory barriers because the policies...
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...started facing competition from several sites that offers an array of information on therapeutic treatments, alternative medicine and specific ailments such as cholesterol , government websites etc . MedNet was on the verge of loosing Windham one of its main advertiser to Marvel as it felt that Marvel would be providing same returns at cheaper rates . Though MedNet is able to convince Windham on Marvel , it confronts another competition from Cholestrol.com which has the same strength as MedNet as far as Windham’s product Vesselia is concerned . MedNet currently faces challenge of coming up with intuitive ideas as to how to advertise their advertiser’s product in ways their competitors didn’t and roadmap in the long run. Another key decision making point that is emerging from the case is whether one should go for the click through model / impression based model . Options available with MedNet: (a)Treat every visitor as patients and charge them for contents (A) (b)Bring alternative health information to the site (B) (c ) Build on the trust and integrity & business expertise and evolve into manager of employer websites .(C) (d) Others CASE FLOW “INDUSTRY ANALYSIS USING PEST: Key Health care facts : Of those 1000 people: * 133 would have come from low-income countries, 356 from lower-middle-income countries, 302 from upper-middle-income countries and...
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...Running Head: MAKING INTERNATIONALISM WORK 1 Making Internationalism Work Carol Brittain MAKING INTERNATIONALISM WORK 2 Making Internationalism Work How would you define the term “leadership?” Some may define leadership as the ability to influence others. Others may define leadership as one who inspires organizational members to want to achieve. (Munley, 2011) Leadership is directing a team through communication to reach the organizational goals. Leadership communication is essential to businesses and organizations especially when companies are opening branches overseas, conducting business through conference calls or working with a manager from another country. With this new era of business relations companies are facing cultural differences, and these cultural differences need to be taken into consideration. Dutch social psychologist, Geert Hofstede, pioneered a study on cultural differences and developed the five dimensions of culture. The five dimensions are power/distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty/avoidance, and long term orientation. This paper will discuss the cultural dimensions of Japan and Denmark. It will be interesting to see the differences and the commonalities of Japan and Denmark of their vastly different cultures. Power Distance Power distance, PD, looks at the degree of equality between individuals in societies. The degree of equality can also be expressed...
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...to produce other products. c.Examples: i.farmers –purchase seed to grow crops such as corn, soybeans, etc., iiconstruction firms – lumber used to build houses, decks 2. Reseller Markets a. Consist of intermediaries including wholesalers and retailers that buy finished goods and resell for a profit. Physical characteristics are not changed in products handled. Most products are sold through this market first unless sold directly to consumers. b. Wholesalers purchase products to resell to retailers, other wholesalers, producers, governments, and institutions. c. Examples: i. Super Valu –wholesaler in the grocery industry sells to grocery stores ii. Retailers –Wal-Mart, Kroger, Home Depot, Costco, Target, Staples d. Purchase decision factors considered by retailers include: i. Amount of space a product requires in relation to potential profit. ii. Evaluate level of demand to determine quantity and price product could be resold for iii. Resellers consider the ability and ease of fulfilling orders to keep product available for resale as needed iv. Determine if a potential new product competes with or complements products they currently handle 3. Government Markets a. Consist of Federal, State, County and Local governments b. Billions are spent each year on a variety of goods and services. Examples are health care services, office supplies, heavy equipment, vehicles, and weapons for products such as highways, education, water, energy, and national defense. Public...
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