...stunned and dismayed by what we saw happening. What led to this disaster and what can BP do to ensure that the likelihood of it ever happening again is minimized? One thing that has come to light in the disaster investigation is that it’s no surprise that something like this happened. After Hurricane Dennis blew through in July 2005, a passing ship was shocked to see BP’s new massive $1 billion Thunder Horse oil platform “listing precariously-hindi nasa ayos yung thunder horse oil platform to one side, looking for all the world as if it were about to sink.” Thunder Horse “was meant to be the company’s crowning glory, the embodiment of its bold gamble to outpace its competitors in finding and exploiting the vast reserves of oil beneath the waters of the gulf.” But the problems with this rig soon became evident. A valve installed backwards caused it to flood during the hurricane even before any oil had been pumped. Other problems included a welding job so shoddy badly made or done that it left underwater pipelines brittle and full of cracks. “The problems at Thunder Horse were not an anomaly, but a warning that BP was taking too many risks and cutting corners in pursuit of...
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...hundreds other oils and gases that are spilled every day How oil spills are cleaned up and what is used to clean it up.Oil spills are cleaned up by a dispersant that makes the oil form tiny particles that are easier to clean up.The boat called a skimmer has a filter that catches those tiny oil particles but lets the water go through. This the...
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...Deep Water Horizon Oil Spill Letonya Rossi MGMT/1115 Post University 1). Name the organizations which had a stake in the drilling operation. The organizations’ that had stake in the drilling operations were BP Exploration & Production Inc., (were the lease operator of Mississippi canyon block 252, contains Macondo Well), Trans-ocean (chief contractors), Halliburton, (responsible for cementing operations). 2). Should responsibility for the accident be shared among the organizations? Why or why not? Absolutely, there is a huge relationship between safety and production. Most organizations are practically interested in staying ahead of their competitors and making huge turn over, this is often seen in shift from safety of personnel and environment to a more profit oriented goal. Hazards or risk as regards to safety of personals, equipment or environments while producing Should be reduced as reasonably practice in a work environment by planning. 3). “what is more important than safety”? Why is safety so important? Safety is the utmost impertinence for any organization, over the years in almost every industry involving production of any sort, where safety regulations, procedures and processes have to be followed, there has been a perceived conflict between safety and production. And processes have to be followed, there has been a perceived conflict between safety and production. The energy sector is no exception to the growth of this...
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...Ecologism: Core themes | Ecology | * Ecology developed as a distinct branch of biology through a growing recognition that plants and animals are sustained by self-regulating natural systems (i.e. ecosystem) composed of both living and non-living elements. All ecosystems tend towards a state of harmony or equilibrium through a system of state regulation. Biologists refer to this as homeostasis: Process where food and other resources are recycled and the population size of animals; insects and plants naturally adjust to the available food supply.Eco systems interact with other ecosystems.E.g. A lake may constitute an ecosystem, but it also needs to be fed fresh water from tributaries and receive warmth and energy from the sun. In turn, lakes provide water and food for species living along its shores. The natural world is therefore made up of a complex web of ecosystems – the largest of which is the global ecosystem: the “ecosphere” or “biosphere”.Ecologists argue that humankind currently faces the prospect of environmental disaster because of material wealth.Material wealth and consumption upsets the ‘balance of nature’ and endangered the ecosystems that make human life possible. * This is all a result of the growth in human population * The depletion of finite and irreplaceable resources such as: Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas * The eradication of tropical rain forests * The pollution of rivers, lakes and forests and air itselfEcologism presents a radically different...
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...layouts • Control of ground movements and groundwater • Wide range of wall thicknesses and capability • Can be installed in restricted working space. • Can be designed to carry long term vertical loads • Cost and time saving plus health and safety benefits when combined with patented Cementation precast guide/capping beam. Large and small diameter bored cast-in-place piles are often used to construct efficient and economic temporary or permanent retaining walls. These walls are suitable for deep basements, underpasses, tunnel portals and other underground structures particularly where working space is limited and adjacent structures require support. They minimise bulk excavation and help to control ground movements and groundwater ingress. Three distinct bored pile wall systems are in current use: • Contiguous pile wall • Secant pile wall – hard/soft or hard/firm • Secant pile wall – hard/hard The choice of system depends on a number of factors. These include soil type, ground water profile, retained heights, available construction time, propping arrangement, cost and design life. Piles can be constructed using cased rotary or continuous flight auger (CFA) methods. Where working space is limited, minipiling techniques 24/09/09 Rev 7 may...
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...History Of Chocolate The first recorded evidence of chocolate as a food product goes back to Pre-Columbian Mexico. The Mayans and Aztecs were known to make a drink called "Xocoatll from the beans of the cocoa tree. In 1528, the conquering Spaniards returned to Spain with chocolate still consumed as a beverage. A similar chocolate drink was brought to a royal wedding in France in 1615, and England welcomed chocolate in 1662. To this point "chocolate" as we spell it today, had been spelled variously as "chocalatall, "jocolatte", "jacolatte", and "chockelet.11 In 1847, Fry & Sons in England introduced the first "eating chocolate," but did not attract much attention due to its bitter taste. In 1874, Daniel Peter, a famed Swiss chocolateer, experimented with various mixtures in an effort to balance chocolates rough flavor, and eventually stumbled upon that abundant product -- milk. This changed everything and chocolate's acceptance after that was quick and enthusiastic. Growing Cocoa Beans Cocoa beans are usually grown on small plantations in suitable land areas 20 degrees north or south of the Equator. One mature cocoa tree can be expected to yield about five pounds of chocolate per year. These are planted in the shade of larger trees such as bananas or mangos, about 1000 trees per hectare (2,471 acres). Cocoa trees take five to eight years to mature. After harvesting from the trees, the pods (which contain the cocoa beans) are split open, beans removed...
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...disease being the cause of the ulcer. Symptoms of peripheral arterial disease include pain in limb when exercising or walking, intermittent claudication, skin changes such as hair loss, cold to touch, oedema and ulceration. An arterial leg ulcer is caused by poor blood flow in the arteries and due to the current treatment of venous ulcers which is bandaging. This would reduce blood flow further and cause more damage making the ulcer worse. Having a history of varicose veins and a lack of mobility increases the chance of developing venous leg ulcers . According to SIGN (2010) when assessing a patient for the first time with a venous ulcer it is important to obtain their medical history in case of previous varicose veins and deep vein thrombosis as well as their mobility. Knowing these factors will contribute to managing the patients treatment, care and help with the rate of improvement. The framework model used to assess leg ulcers is the leg ulcer care pathway which is dived up into four stages 1. Patient begins pathway, 2. Patient is assessed and ulcer is diagnosed, 3. Planned and implemented care, 4. Evaluation (Moffatt 2007). Joan has a history of varicose veins. Varicose veins are veins which are enlarged and swollen. They develop when valves inside the vain fail to prevent the flow of blood flowing backwards. The blood then collect in the vein causing it to enlarge and swell. As...
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...May 2008 from a business school in Chicago. After her first year of MBA program, she had the opportunity to do an internship at the Deep Dive Pizza located in Chicago as an assistant to the director of Promotions. She was doing so well in her responsibilities that the CEO himself was interested of having her in the company. He even proposed her to lead a new and special project in the marketing department. Later on, she got another job offer in a different and bigger company, the Potomac Waters. From that time, her main challenge was to choose between these tow companies. Both have their advantages and inconveniences, which we will be talking about more in detail later in our study. Finally, she decided to work for Potomac Waters as the assistant product manager. However, as she stated working, things aren’t going as she expected, and problems got bigger and bigger as time passed by. After few months working there, she started doubting about her decision of working there. Did she take the right decision? This study will help us answer this question throughout the study. The problem started from the beginning when she was still making the decision of choosing either to work for Deep Dive Pizza, where she had her internship or at Potomac Waters, a way bigger company with more potential in the market. Before she decided to work for Potomac Waters, she went to get information from the company, by visiting the industry itself and meeting the employees from different departments...
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... Section “Distribution of Biogenous Sediment”) The depth at which the amount of calcite (CaCO3) produced by the organisms in the overlying water column can dissolve. No calcite composition occurs below this depth, which in most parts of the ocean, is at a depth of 4500 meters (15000 ft) 3. Why are gas hydrate deposits abundant on submarine continental margins? (Ch. 4, Section “Energy Resources”) High productivity surface waters enrich ocean floor sediments below with organic matter. Organic marine sediments provide natural gas in which pressure is high and temperature is low 4. Why are the deep ocean basins covered with red clay deposits? (Ch. 4, Section “Distribution of Lithogenous Sediment”) The absence of other materials that would dilute it. Clay dominates because of the near absence of lithogenous and biogenic particles 5. On the whole, what is the most important mechanism of transporting continental-margin lithogenous sediments? (Ch. 4, Section “Origin of Lithogenous Sediment”) Weathering agents (flowing water) 6. You are on a research cruise and you leave Japan, heading east. At about 1500 kilometers east of Japan you encounter a large volcanic plateau (Shatsky Rise) that is covered with sediments. You lower a piston core to sample the sediments and the wire indicator says 2500 meters of water depth. What kind of sediment will the core likely contain? (Ch. 4, Section “What Mixtures of Sediment Exist?” Carbonate ooze 7....
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...of creatures that will blow your mind. You can explore the ocean until a certain point, but you can’t explore the deep ocean on your own. Scientists now have a variety of sophisticated technologies to explore this vast frontier. What they’re finding will amaze you. According to source #1 Oceans: Earth’s Final Frontier, there is a lot going on in the deep water. The ocean contains hot springs and chimneys that can spot acid. Such amazing things can be found at the hydrothermal vents and underwater volcanoes. In addition to its amazing features, the oceans have the longest mountain range in the world named Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the deepest valley on earth named Mariana Trench. Likewise, there are many creatures that live in the ocean. Some of these creatures live in deep water such as the frilled shark or the deepest ocean dweller recently discovered the fangtooth fish. According to source #2 Dive Technology, when depths are not too great or conditions are not too unsafe, divers can descend into the water to explore the ocean. Otherwise, divers have to make use of a few underwater technologies. This technology will help the diver to protect themselves underwater. For example, the SCUBA is an update of the Aqualung. This device allows the divers to breath under water. Another example of underwater technology is the Jim Suit. This suit protect divers from deadly water pressure and contains built in oxygen. The last one but not least, it is the Deepsea Challenger invented by James...
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...Assess the claim that secular approaches to environmental issues are of more use than religious approaches (35) When looking at the Maldives and other quickly diminishing countries, coupled with raising temperatures and huge variations in extreme weather across the world, it is clear that environmental ethics must be taken very seriously. But there have been a number of ethical approaches towards the environment trying to tackle and provide moral guidelines on how to treat and use the earth. During the course of this essay I will attempt to outline a few of the main secular and religious approaches to environmental issues and then through evaluation come up with a conclusion on which I feel is the best to follow. To make a good environmental theory, the ethical approach must provide moral guidelines for governments, big businesses and individuals alike. One secular theory, which tries to achieve this, is Conservationism. The conservationist theory aims to look at the value of that the environment has to humans and how looking after it and using it will affect us. The conservationist approach takes a shallow ecology approach, which believes that the earth has instrumental value. This means that if lowering the carbon emissions to protect the Maldives will benefit human life then a conservationist approach will argue that this is a good thing to do. The conservationist approach can be closely linked to Bentham’s hedonistic approach to Utilitarianism, sharing the ‘ if its...
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...Sheena Estelle B. Lovitos QUESTION: Are valuables (people and the rest of the world): anthropogenic (comes from man) anthropometric (man is the center of all things in the world) ecocentric (world is at the center and man is just one of the things in the world) ESSAY: In order to attack this essay, we will first define the three elements http://www.academia.edu/1476524/Environmental_Ethics_Between_Anthropocentrism_and_Ecocentrism Introduction Environmental ethics is defined as the moral relationship between humans and the natural environment (Buzzle 2011). It is an area of environmental philosophy that faces a lot of conflict due to the various subdivisions in terms of ethical perceptions. For traditional and religious views, some people believe that they were given dominion over nature’s plants and anima ls to serve their needs. The idea of a human- centered nature, or anthropocentrism, explicitly states that humans are the sole bearers of intrinsic value and all other living things are there to sustain humanity’s existence (MacKinnon 2007, p. 331). The ‘ecological footprint’ (Gaston 2005, p. 239) that resulted from humans ’ greediness has lead over the decades to massive alteration in nature’s balance , as well as to many recognizable environmental crises the world is facing today. By contrast, ecocentrism recognizes a nature-centered system of values, and extends the inherent worth to all living things regardless of their usefulness to...
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...Heritage Sways Healthcare Perception Cynthia K. Martin Grand Canyon University: NRS 429V Family Centered Health Promotion November 09, 2013 Cultural beliefs are the foundation of an individual, families, and communities that persuasively influences the standards by which they reason and behave in every aspect of their life. Therefore, as healthcare providers, it is imperative that we consider a patient’s cultural heritage when assessing them from a holistic approach and planning for a desirable healthcare outcome. Madeliene Leininger brought to the forefront the concept of transcultural nursing which was founded on “the belief that optimal health for all is an essential cultural value” (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) and further declared that “our rapidly growing multicultural world makes it imperative that nurses understand different cultures to work and function effectively with people having different values, beliefs, and ideas about nursing, health, caring, wellness, illness, death and disabilities” (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). The Heritage Assessment Tool The Heritage Assessment Tool is useful for gaining understanding of the patient in regard to how intricately they are ingrained in their culture and sets the stage for determining how they perceive health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration through open ended questions. This tool not only affords a course by which communication of beliefs, values, tradition, and...
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..."Discuss critically religious and secular ethical arguments about environmental issues" In his book, 'The End Of Nature', Bill McKibben highlights the fact that we are destroying the natural environment at an increasing rate, for our own short-term gain. Since the day that man created agriculture, and industrialisation to follow, the imbalance between man and nature has been growing[1/2]. This has been accompanied by a massive population increase, tripling in the twentieth century alone[3]. Human pressure on nature has never been so great. Such pressure has resulted in 'environmental issues', ranging from global warming and eutrophication, to the depletion of natural resources and an increase in the number of landfill sites. A distinction must be drawn between 'anthropogenically created’ environmental issues, and 'natural' ones. The extinction of most of the dinosaurs more than 65 million years ago was not caused by man, but rather an entirely natural disaster, perhaps a meteor or extreme tectonic activity. It is difficult to apply any man-made ethic to situations that are not man-made, so for the purpose of this essay, 'environmental issues' will be taken to be current issues actively cause by human beings. During the last few decades, many thinkers from different disciplines have been searching for a new ethic to confront environmental issues with - an 'environmental ethic'. Whether religious or secular in nature, this must be able to define the environment...
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...MODEL BILLS OF QUANTITIES FOR BUILDING WORKS The Government of The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Architectural Services Department Quantity Surveying Branch Queensway Government Offices 66 Queensway Hong Kong 2012 EDITION CONTENTS Demolitions and Alterations Piling and Caissons Diaphragm Walling Excavation Underpinning Concrete Works Brickwork and Blockwork Drainage (including Underground Pipe Ducts) Waterproofing Stone Works Roof Tiling Wood Works Ironmongery Steel and Metal Works Plastering and Paving Plumbing and Water Supply Systems Glazing Painting Landscaping External Works Electrical Installation Air Conditioning Installation Fire Service Installation Low Voltage Cubicle Switchboards Installation Diesel Generating Sets Installation Uninterruptible Power Supply System Broadcast Reception Installation Compressed Air System Steam Boiler System Liquefied Petroleum Gas Installation Fuel Supply System Swimming Pool Water Treatment Installation MODBQ.1/1 MODBQ.2/1 MODBQ.3/1 MODBQ.4/1 MODBQ.5/1 MODBQ.6/1 MODBQ.7/1 MODBQ.8/1 MODBQ.9/1 MODBQ.10/1 MODBQ.11/1 MODBQ.12/1 MODBQ.13/1 MODBQ.14/1 MODBQ.15/1 MODBQ.16/1 MODBQ.17/1 MODBQ.18/1 MODBQ.19/1 MODBQ.20/1 MODBQ.21/1 MODBQ.22/1 MODBQ.23/1 MODBQ.24/1 MODBQ.25/1 MODBQ.26/1 MODBQ.27/1 MODBQ.28/1 MODBQ.29/1 MODBQ.30/1 MODBQ.31/1 MODBQ.32/1 6 22 3 8 4 18 7 12 10 7 3 23 8 22 30 19 5 10 7 19 27 55 30 9 5 4 10 6 10 9 7 14 Bill Nr. MODBQ.1 DEMOLITIONS AND ALTERATIONS DEMOLITIONS Demolishing or taking down to ground...
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