...Individual Theories Stacey Simmons University of Phoenix July 29, 2012 History has proved over time that there are two types of young adults in the world, those who make the decision to be successful and those with the “I don’t care attitude “and intrigue with the life of criminal behavior. The reasons that young adults make the choices that they do vary greatly in difference. Three of the reasons mentioned by young adults as to why they choose the bad road involves having a horrible younger life, peer pressure and even the excuse of boredom. We have young adults who choose to entertain criminal behavior therefore, we must also have in turn a system that can be measured in the deterrence of criminal behavior among youth. Our current system does not seem to be as effective in improving this rising problem. To effectively be able to deter some of this criminal activity in youth, we need to gather information on why a youth chooses to be involved in this type of behavior, and there are many theories to this question. One of those theories is labeled as the Genetic Theory. The genetic theory states that criminal behavior is inherited just as hair color or eye color is. It is theorized that embedded in these offenders is a genetic code that causes them to make certain decisions and be involved in criminal behavior. This theory also states that anyone can look at a child’s parents and determine whether or not the child is going to be an offender. ...
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...Juvenile Crime Issues CJS 200 February 12, 2012 Juvenile Crime Issues Children and young adults today are exposed to media shows and movies that affect them. Many have broken homes, face poverty and have other problems in school that affect them and can cause them to do wrong things. The arrest rates for juvenile males are 70%, and 30% for females. Anyone under the age of 18 is considered a juvenile. There are six categories of children in the juvenile justice system. The delinquent children are those who violate the criminal law. The undisciplined children are beyond parental control. The dependent children have no parents or guardians. The neglected children are those who do not receive proper care from parents or guardians. The abused children are those who suffer abuse at the hands of their parents or guardians (Schmalleger, P.547). The status offender is a special category that embraces children who violate laws written only for them and they need supervision. This includes truancy, vagrancy, running away from home and incorrigibility. (Schmalleger, P.547) Eight states have set a minimum age at which they are considered delinquent. Eight of them have the age as 10, Arizona s age is 8, three states is 7, and North Carolina has set the age as 6 to be delinquent(Fonseca, Associated Press, December 13, 2008, Used permission copyright laws) The officers today read their Miranda rights to juveniles before they ask any questions According to our book, Criminal...
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...Special Populations Ann M. Morris ~ Arft University of Phoenix BSHS 402 April 30th, 2012 Jason Pepodila Special Populations Groups of people considered to have or be at a disadvantage are thought to be part of a special population. Different states and jurisdictions within will have varying definitions, and the populations who are served by the definition vary. The term can refer to disabled individuals, which under federal law means “an individual with any disability as defined in section 3 of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990” (U.S. Legal Definitions, para. 1, 2001-2012). Those considered to be in special populations are sometimes visible and other times they fit in with the rest of the world’s population, but still require special needs. “Ethnic minorities, veterans, disabled people, prison inmates, refugees and immigrants, children, and the elderly all face complex challenges as they strive to attain the advantages that other groups enjoy” (NORC at the University of Chicago, para.1. n.d.). Because of the recent wars being fought overseas, returning veterans may return the states with special needs requiring specialized help. At the same time as the wars are being fought, the economy has become less stable therefore hurting what could be considered traditional sources of help putting some of the special populations at risk for more hardships (NORC at the University of Chicago, para. 3, n.d.). The basics of this paper will include populations reviewed and...
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...penitentiaries. Since few other options existed, youth of all ages and genders where often confined with hardened adult criminals and the mentally ill in large overcrowded institutions. At the same time, American cities were dealing with high rates of child poverty and neglect putting pressure on city leaders to find a solution to this growing social issue. In response, reformers Thomas Eddy and John Griscom, organized the Society for the Prevention of Pauperism, in stead of housing youth in adult jails and prisons and the creation of a new type of institution. Their work led to the establishment of the New York House of Refuge in 1825, the first institution designed to house poor youth who were seen by authorities to be on the path towards delinquency. The New York...
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...UNIVERSITY OF PHOENIX CJS 200 Crime is not only an issue within the United States, but across the world. Every country, state, region, and county may handle crime differently. Even though crimes may be handled somewhat differently depending on your geographical location they all face the same battle. This battle is ever going and leaves law enforcement asking how do I stop this crime from happening again? Like most problem they begin as acute, but eventually turn into something much bigger and become ongoing. The juvenile court system has been developed to handle crimes within juveniles and develop a system to help combat crimes from its lowest and earliest stage. Juvenile crime rate is on the rise and more and more violent crimes are happening daily within juvenile’s Society today is shaping children and young adults into accepting violence as the “norm” and is allowing children to think it is acceptable to commit these crimes daily. Recently the “knock out” game swept across the country. These was a “game” played by young adults and juveniles where they targeted defenseless individuals walking the streets and would sneak up on them and strike them in the face. The goal of this so-called “game” was to knock the person unconscious with one strike to the head or face area. This alone tells me that there is a problem with violence among young adults today. Crimes like this happen daily and the popularity of violent crimes...
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...Adult Justice v Juvenile Justice System There is no question that if a person is involved in any type of crime they will at some time make their way through the justice system. However, when that person is an adolescent they will go through the juvenile justice system, as an adult would go through the adult justice system. Even though the crimes of each can be of the same manner or hold the same severity the punishment results can differ. The main reason for having the two different justice systems is that children cannot be held to the same punishment levels as an adult. Even though a child has committed the same crime an adult may commit, not every child has a mental understanding to make mature adult like decisions. The juvenile justice system was made in effort of saving children. (Siegel, pg281) The thought that a child has suffered from abuse or neglect among other factors; they could be rehabilitated into productive members of society. Much like an adult justice system a juvenile justice system also has different stages of the process. Whether it is an adult system or juvenile system the parties involved will have the right to an attorney, the right to cross examine witnesses, be notified of charges, and the prosecution must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt.(legalmatch,2014). This is known as Due Process, which for many years’ juveniles did not have the rights to. This was due to the fact that juveniles were not being punished but yet rehabilitated. Things...
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...STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM What are the causes and consequences of juvenile delinquency? REASON FOR SELECTING AREA OF RESEARCH The researcher has been residing in the community of Dunsinane for a number of years. During this time the researcher has observed the damaging effects of juvenile delinquency on the social and economical development of said community. The researcher has decided to conduct a research to gain insight into the causes and effects of juvenile delinquency and also to find ways to deal with this social problem, as well as to find solutions that will eventually help in eliminating this problem. METHOD OF INVESTIGATION In order to collect accurate and concise data for the study the researcher, Cassandra Gordon has decided to use printed questionnaires. There are a number of advantages in using this method; some of these methods are that: • It requires less time to be completed. • It can be done at the convenience of the person required to have it completed. • It is highly confidential, as participants do not have to mark their names. • Questionnaires are very cost effective when compared to face-to-face interviews. • Questionnaires are easy to analyze, data entry and tabulation can be easily done with the use of questionnaires. • Questionnaires also reduce bias. There is uniform question presentation as the researcher’s own opinions will not influence the respondent to answer questions in a certain...
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...Chapter One – Introduction 1.1: Introduction 1.2: Origin of the study 1.3: Objectives of the study 1.4: Data collection process 1.5: Limitations 1.1: Introduction Juvenile Delinquency is a terrible problem in the unequal management system of society of the modern world. Juvenile Delinquency is increasing for the fast and speedy development of Industrialization and Urbanization. Industrialization and Urbanization make changes the Family structure which increases the propensity of Juvenile Delinquency. A large scale of people has been shifted to City town from rural area and keeps staying in the abdomen. This also increases Juvenile Delinquency. Now Juvenile Delinquency has emerged as a matter of concern in Bangladesh in recent times with the number of children and young people involved in "criminal activities" rising at an alarming rate. In most of the cases this is not a deliberate choice for the children. Numerous social factors coupled with poor parenting, family troubles and above all extreme poverty are pushing these children to this anti-social position. A child is born innocent and if nourished with tender care and attention, he or she will be blossom with faculties physical, mental, moral and spiritual into a person of stature and excellence. On the other hand, noxious surroundings, neglect of basic needs, bad company and other abuses and temptations would spoil the child and likely to turn him a delinquent. Therefore, expressing his concern for Child care, the...
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...Juvenile Delinquent Albert Stuckey AIU Online Abstract This paper is a definition essay that defines the term juvenile delinquent. Juvenile delinquent is a person who’s under the legal age of 18 and breaks the law. This essay will give the reader in detailed information regarding the term juvenile delinquent. Juvenile Delinquent Juvenile delinquency is a term that basically means a person under the age of 18 years old (or age set by state officials) that commits that act of breaking the law. In many courts the punishment for committing a crime while under the age of 18 doesn’t sound too bad to some people. In some cases the crime in which the juvenile commit can lead to the youth being charged as an adult. Neglect Definition: To pay no attention or too little attention to a child’s basic needs from a parent or guardian. Unpredictability: not knowing what behavior will lead to a physical assault. The child is always walking on thin ice without knowing the rules or guidelines. The angrier the parent, the more severe the abuse, the abuser believes to have control they need to put fear in the child. Delinquency is a child who is beyond a parent(s) control and shows signs of being antisocial is label as a juvenile delinquent, and is subject to legal action. http://www.yourdictionary.com/antisocial Juvenile delinquent is a person who’s under the age 18. This person is found to have committed a crime in states which have declared by law that a minor lacks responsibility...
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...There is no doubt that various studies and experts can give many theories as to the cause(s) of juvenile delinquency. Many of these causes include economic background and status, influence of peer (groups), repeated exposure to violence inside and outside of the home, images portrayed in the media and the easy access to firearms. Although all of these matters, alone or combined, can turn any child into a juvenile delinquent, parenting is one of the primary causes. Parents are live-in examples for juveniles whom learn by example. There are other sources children can be influenced by, but parents are the most important source simply because they are the primary caregivers, role models and first leading examples for children. Families are one of the strongest socializing forces in life. The images parents and family members portray determine what young children learn to be right or wrong and take as lifelong morals and standards. Parents and family life have a great deal of influence over children and basically mold and shape them into adults. Many if not all parents know that parenting is a complex task with no easy answers or solutions. No child comes with an owner’s manual or parenting tips on how to raise children. Parents learn how to raise their children from how they were raised and things they have experienced in life. Parents with more than one child learn from the way they raised their previous children. Parenting is like trial and error, trying different...
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...Juvenile Delinquency Youth Violence in schools and outside of schools is an issue that is damaging the whole world. It is not something that is happening recently it is happening for a long period of time, and we as the parents are the one that have to find the way on how to help our teenagers, as well as the family members, friends, and the teachers too and one of the ways is by knowing the causes of why so many youth end up in juvenile delinquency. Based on an Article back on 1999, students between the ages of 12 and 18 approximately 186,000 where victims of violence crime in school and 476,000 while away from school (National Center for Educational Statistics 2001). That is a situation that should have not be acceptable, one of the biggest causes of Juvenile Delinquency is the lack of attention that parents give to their children. There are parents who give poor directions to children, fail to structure their behavior and do not reward or punish appropriately. “…our prediction was that the highest levels of antisocial behavior would occur where poor attachment between parent and child was combined with poor controls.” (Hoge, Andrews, and Leschied, 1994, p. 547). Two other causes are a child being abuse physically and mentally at an early age, and low self-esteem. There are many much factors and causes that if we all take in consideration and with the help of the government we can help our youth to children of good and grow with being...
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...Juvenile Justice Enacted: Jan 1996 Revised: Juvenile justice systems include court, probation, parole, prevention and intervention programs and agencies responding to delinquent and other behaviors identified in juvenile statutes. The system may encompass delinquents, status offenders and victims of abuse and neglect. Juvenile justice system agencies are urged to develop policies, programs and practices reflecting the following principles: Juvenile justice systems must have the flexibility to meet the needs of the broad range of children and youth served, from the most violent youth to those children who are victims of abuse and neglect. The judicial process, treatment and authority vested must be responsive to the needs of children and youth and to protecting society. For many years studies have shown that child abuse and neglect are predictive of delinquent behavior and adult crime. Moreover, general societal attitudes of intolerance of differences and glorification of violence contribute to these same behaviors. These root causes must be addressed through appropriate intervention throughout the juvenile justice process as well as through changes at the community level. Therefore: 1. The juvenile justice system must offer a continuum of services which includes the appropriate resources to meet the needs of children and youth who are victims and/or offenders. Such a continuum should offer a range of services from prevention and early intervention to remedial and extended...
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...Gun control has been a hotly debated issue for decades in America. There are the people who think that guns should be more restricted or just completely outlawed and there are the people who believe that our access to weapons should remain the way it has been ever since the constitution was written. The second amendment in the Bill of Rights is our “right to bear arms” amendment, if there were more restrictions on guns then that would violate one of our rights. In a way gun control makes sense. To someone who doesn’t think about the matter clearly it would look like the perfect solution to crime. This, however, would not be the case at all. Take Canada for example, they have fairly high restrictions on guns. As a result crime has not decreased at all. In fact, crime has skyrocketed. You might be asking yourself why this is. Well, it makes perfect sense; the people who obey the law are going to give up their guns while the people who don’t care a bit about the law are going to be the only ones who have guns. They can easily break into a house and steal anything they want because they know that the law-abiding people who live inside that house aren’t going to be able to defend themselves. In America however if someone breaks into a house there is always that possibility that they could wind up getting shot. A majority people think the best solution is to “just take away their guns.” However, this has been proven not to work. England banned all guns in 1997 and as a result...
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...Social Work: Juvenile Delinquency In the last twenty years, juvenile crime is at its lowest point. It has decreased 36% since 1996 (Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention). With this change in crime rate, it can be assumed that the prevention of juvenile delinquency has been a great asset to our country, and leads into the profession of social workers role in juvenile delinquency. An overview of this field requires a social worker to be knowledgeable with criminal law, principles and education that can be gained from experience, familiarity with laws and practices, and awareness of environmental contributors. The social worker must be prepared to work in a variety of settings, and with other professions that contribute to cases. Overview of Social Problem The Social Work Dictionary states that juvenile delinquency is seen as a person under the age of 18 (some jurisdictions go by 21) that have been involved in criminal activity (juvenile delinquency, 2003). In 2002, juvenile delinquency was at its lowest point in the last two decades. Despite the statistics, most people believe that juvenile crime continues to rise. The media plays a great part in this problem because when a violent crime involves young offenders, the media has excessive coverage on situation. The average age of delinquents continue to be younger and younger. Even though juvenile crime has decreased, but serious violent crime rate for boys and girls are excessively high (McWhirter et al, 2007)...
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...THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM CHAPTER ONE Chapter Outline Origins of the Juvenile Justice System Juvenile Court Jurisdiction Defining Delinquency Defining a Juvenile Chapter Objectives After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Describe the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. 2. Explain what is meant by delinquency. 3. Explain what is meant by status offenses. 4. Compare the ways in which the various states define a juvenile. 5. Identify and define the unique terms used in the juvenile justice system. 6. Outline the three major steps in the juvenile justice process. 7. Describe the five decision points in the juvenile justice process. The Language of Juvenile Justice Overview of the Juvenile Justice System Law Enforcement and Other Referral Sources Juvenile Court Disposition Comparison of Juvenile and Criminal Justice Systems 8. Compare and contrast the juvenile and criminal justice systems. 3 4 PART ONE Juvenile Justice and Delinquency in the United States Origins of the Juvenile Justice System Before the establishment of the juvenile justice system, courts and judges treated juveniles as adults and, in many instances, juvenile offenders received the same punishment as adults. There was only one system of justice in the United States, and all offenders were processed through it without regard to age. Under common law doctrine, the legal system the American colonists brought from England, a juvenile age seven or older could receive the same...
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