...space agency uses a shadow network called ESnet, short for Energy Science Network, a set of private pipes that has demonstrated cross-country data transfers of 91 gigabits per second–the fastest of its type ever reported. NASA isn’t going bring these speeds to homes, but it is using this super-fast networking technology to explore the next wave of computing applications. ESnet, which is run by the U.S. Department of Energy, is an important tool for researchers who deal in massive amounts of data generated by projects such as the Large Hadron Collider and the Human Genome Project. Rather sending hard disks back and forth through the mail, they can trade data via the ultra-fast network. “Our vision for the world is that scientific discovery shouldn’t be constrained by geography,” says ESnet director Gregory Bell. In making its network as fast as it can possibly be, ESnet and researchers are organizations like NASA are field testing networking technologies that may eventually find their way into the commercial internet. In short, ESnet a window into what our computing world will eventually look like. The Other Net The first nationwide computer research network was the Defense Department’s ARPAnet, which evolved into the modern internet. But it wasn’t the last network of its kind. In 1976, the Department of Energy sponsored the creation of the Magnetic Fusion Energy Network to connect what is today the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center with other research laboratories...
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...Controversy over Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) shipments Axia College of University of Phoenix COM 125 Utilizing Information in College Writing Tasha Tillman September 17, 2006 Controversy over Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) shipments When someone says the word nuclear or radioactive most people panic and are scared to death. Would one be safer transporting a trailer loaded with 9,000 gallons of gasoline or would the same person be safer transporting a loaded trailer of transuranic (TRU) waste? Therefore, transporting any commodity can be as safe as the driver transporting the commodity or the opposing traffic makes the situation. With the continued controversy over the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) site, the Department of Energy (DOE) has continued to transport transuranic (TRU) waste from different sites around the U.S. to the world’s first repository for radioactive waste. This paper will explain what the WIPP site does and where WIPP is located. Will explain the birth of the program and why. Will explain what TRU waste is. Will explain what the process of disposal is from birth to the grave. Will show what the public has to say about the program. Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is the world's first underground repository licensed to safely and permanently dispose of TRU waste left from the research and production of nuclear weapons. After more than 20 years of scientific study, public input, and regulatory struggles, WIPP began operations on...
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...Assignment 1: 2010 Project of the Year Award 2010 PMI Project of the Year Award Citing groundbreaking technical achievement and exemplary management, the National Ignition Facility (NIF), the first laser expected to achieve fusion ignition in a laboratory setting, has been awarded the Project Management Institute's (PMI's) 2010 Project of the Year (Seaver, Lynda L, n.d.). The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, CA was tasked to build the National Ignition Facility (NIF) by the Department of Energy (DOE). The NIF is a facility to produce intense pressures and temperatures that may, for the first time, simulate in a laboratory the thermonuclear conditions created in nuclear explosions. The NIF project was approved in 1995. Construction The stadium-sized facility was to be 500,000 square feet. They excavated over 210,000 cubic yards of soil, poured 73,000 cubic yards of concrete, and had more than 7,000 workers completed NIF project three week ahead of schedule and $2M dollars under budget. There were many challenges to overcome. One was the target bay which serves as the target point for 192 lasers had to be installed 45 feet below ground. Concrete had to be poured for 18 hours to overcome this challenge. Another challenge occurred 6 months after the ground breaking when heavy rains from El Nino flooded the NIF worksite. It took wet weather construction engineers 3 weeks to restore the project. Then a month later, crews unearthed the remains of...
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...radiation continues to be stored on site. ("Savannah River Site; Most Severely Radiation Polluted Place On Earth,", 2012) A curie is known as a unit of activity of radioactive substances equivalent to 3.70 × 10 disintegrations per second: it is approximately the amount of activity produced by 1 gram of radium-226. ("Curie", 2015) Over the last 50 years, almost 100 million curies of tritium was released, contaminating the drinking water for this region. High level radioactive liquid curies are stored in underground tanks, near the Savannah River Site. Surrounding locations near the site have death rates above normal; this is largely from cancer and heart diseases, which both are associated with ionizing radiation. The Savannah River Department of Energy is located near Aiken, South...
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...2010 Project of the Year Award Gary Blake Strayer University Author Note Project Management Institute's 2010 Project of the Year Award The National Ignition Facility Project was the winner of the 2010 PMI Project of the Year Award competition. The project managed by Lawrence Livermore Laboratory was a great success because of the certified project personnel and the thorough application of the PMI standards and principals. It was put together to serve a large scientific community to explore new technologies in energy production involving new frontiers in astrophysics, material science, and nuclear science (Institute, 2012). The facility had the goal of developing self-sustaining nuclear fusion, which is the process that powers the sun and the stars, in the laboratory for the first time. It is well known by scientist that fusion power has many of the benefits of long-term renewable energy sources, such as being a sustainable energy supply compared to presently utilized sources and emitting no greenhouse gases. The finished facility contains more than 3,000 pieces of amplifier glass, 8,000 large optics, and 30,000 small optics that have been assembled into 6,206 replaceable units (PMI.org, 2010). By using PMI principles and ethics, the project design and commissioning was completed with the help of a worldwide collaboration of governments, academia and lots of industrial groups. The groups themselves were sometimes picked over and regrouped to provide the...
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...Front Office department Front office department is the department that available for guests all the time both all day and all night especially at lobby area. This department is separated to two parts which are lobby area and office so, it needs to use energy at this area 24 hours. The reasons that this department has to available all time are because there are many guests come to check in and out, contact with them and solve the problems for them when they have. Plus, this department has to communicate with others such as housekeeping, reservation and also bell boy. The network resources that they use when contact to others departments and guests which is mobile devices or telephone. One of the duty of front office is bring the guests to their room and advice them about how to use all the equipments and electricity in the room. Moreover, this is the good chance in telling them to save energy in their room. Strength This hotel awareness in saving energy for lighting, air condition, electricity and office material. For lighting, this hotel change all of the light to be lighting Philips to save the energy around counter of front office department and around lobby. The area around lobby of this hotel is not large, so it can save energy due to use the lighting less. Plus, the counter of front office combines to concierge duty, thus it is the good way to save the light because there is only one counter. For air condition,...
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...Impact of legislation on Organization Department of Energy It seems that there have been more and more reports of cyber attacks in the news. Around the world private companies and government agencies are getting attacked. In May 2011 the group “Anonymous” attacked the Sony network where they gained access to more than 80 million users’ accounts compromising their personal data, which cost Sony over $170 million (Lewis). General Keith B. Alexander, head of the National Security Agency recently stated, “there has been a 17-fold increase in computer attacks on American infrastructure between 2009 and 2011, initiated by criminal gangs, hackers and other nations (Sanger).” These attacks are being carried out just for the hell of it, or governments are seeking out highly skilled individuals for the purpose of gaining knowledge or trying to gain access to other countries infrastructure for harm. Recently the United States government has been pushing for more laws and policy concerning cyber attacks. The Cybersecurity Act of 2012 is designed to create a system of guidelines that protect the critical infrastructure of the country, both public and private. The Department of Energy would be one such organization that would be affected by the passing of this act. In sec 244 of the 2011 Cybersecurity Proposal it states that: the Secretary shall protect federal systems from cybersecurity threats by carrying out a cybersecurity program. That program includes the need for risk assessment...
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...The Benefits Of Powering Our Future With Nuclear Energy February 26, 2015 The Benefits Of Powering Our Future With Nuclear Energy A significant issue that impacts the American economy today is the increasing demand for energy, the availability of fuel, and the rising cost of electricity. There are many Americans who have anti-nuclear views for many different reasons related to safety, security and economics. These Americans oppose the construction of new nuclear plants because they are focused solely on the potential negative aspects of nuclear power generation such as radiation exposure and terrorism. These concerns are legitimate; however, evidence suggests that America should support building more nuclear power plants because nuclear power is a safe, economic and environmentally sound energy source. In exploring the safety aspects of nuclear power generation, we find that one of the most prevalent reasons that people are opposed to nuclear plant construction is their fear of the risks that are associated with radiation exposure. When nuclear power is generated, material is produced that emits radiation. This material can come into contact with people during routine power plant operation. In addition, radiation can be released during nuclear power plant accidents, and transportation of nuclear material. As described by University of Pittsburgh Professor Bernard Cohen, “radiation exposure can damage biological cells and thereby initiate a cancer and cause genetic diseases”...
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...Organizational Structure: The Energy Industry April 16, 2012 University of Phoenix MGT 230 The power and energy industry consists of the many very large old companies. This industry is also marked by its tremendous geographic coverage in which companies may service several states within the United States. As a result of this large physical scale these companies have evolved different organizational structures in order to manage resources more efficiently. One of the best examples of how the energy industry has structured its organizations specific to the industry needs can be seen through the Duke Energy Company. Duke Energy, like many energy companies is a very old company starting in 1904 (Duke, 2012). In its early days the classical vertical hierarchical structure was sufficient for the organization. But as the company grew in size and spread its coverage across large geographic areas, the need to structure the organization became imperative. Today, Duke Energy utilizes a matrix organizational structure in which there are many specialized departments but members of these departments can be given assignments or projects from other departments and managers. This increases the efficiency of work because human resources can be utilized to complete work that would otherwise be sitting idle. The main drawback to this structure is that leadership and management often conflict and there are problems with authority being seen clearly within the workplace. Essentially,...
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... The Future of Energy | Energy Alternatives | | Courtney BrownKaplan UniversityBig Ideas in Science: From Methods to Mutation | 2/26/2013 | | The amount of money spent on one person for energy is $3,460, according to a 2009 study done by EIA State Energy Data. In that 2009 study in the state of Pennsylvania, where I currently reside, Pennsylvania spent $3,437.40 per person. This number is a difference of $23.32 from the US average. Pennsylvania stands at a rank of 31 out of the 50 states. Can you guess what the state that takes the number one spot? Alaska. Alaska spent $7,684.06 per person in the year 2009. This number makes a difference of $4,223.33 from the US average (EIA, 2009). Every day from the minute you wake up to the minute you go to bed you are using some sort of energy. For the past couple of days I have really tried to look at all the different types of energy that I have used. The first source of energy that I noticed I use a lot of is electrical energy. We use this energy for basically everything that we come in contact with; cell phone chargers, laptops, television, lamps, refrigerators and even your car’s battery. Even though you will always use this energy every day, the amount of the energy can vary. In 12 days we will be turning our clocks for daylight savings, and in this case this is help us save on energy because it will stay daylight out longer so you will not need to turn on the lights so early. Another way energy usage can change...
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...usually designed for fuel economy, not power and thus they tend to produce less power than their full fuel counter parts. (b) High Maintenance Costs The complexity of hybrids mean they cost more to maintain. 2. Fully Electric cars are powered exclusively by electric motors. They usually have batteries, where electricity is stored, or collect electricity from an external source. Advantages of these engines include: 8 (a) No Emission Because fully electric engines do not burn anything, there are no emission, and regulation to worry about. (b) Low Operating Costs Electricity is reasonably cheap in most parts of the world, and, as a result, it is cheaper to run electric engines; and, in a situation where there is access to renewable energy, e.g. wind, solar, there could be no operating costs. There are some disadvantage to this technology, a few include: (a) Long recharging times Battery operated electric engines take much longer, anywhere from 20 minutes to a few hours, to recharge, than standard engines, which can be re lled in a few minutes. Also, because recharging requires special equipment, getting stranded is a bit more likely. (b) Limited Range Range refers to how long (or far) the engine can run before depleting all its charge. This, coupled with the long recharging time, means continuous work is a bit more stressful. Also, electric engines usually drain faster than they recharge, so keeping it plugged in would not be enough to keep it running inde nitely...
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...II. Contemporary Energy Use Frederic Menz, a professor of Economics and Finance at Clarkson University, analyzed the impact of renewable energy policies and the relative adoption of those types of energies. He notes that at one time, conventional wisdom suggested that renewable energy sources would gain primacy due to the “rising costs for fossil fuels, growing concern about environmental issues, and national security concerns with imported oil” (Menz, 2005). However, the reality has been “virtually constant” production of electricity from renewable sources, with “coal and nuclear responsible for about two-thirds of net electricity generation in the United States for the last several decades” (Menz, 2005). As regards adoption of solar photovoltaic technology, some argue that its deployment has been tailored towards “a conglomeration of regional markets and special applications” for which significant production will remain elusive until standardized practices of connecting it to existing grid technology are established (Shum & Watanabe, 2007). The stunted deployment of renewable energy technology and failure to meet expectations for growth to surpass fossil fuels, are argued to be due to conventional fuel subsidies that “actively discourage consumers from seeking cleaner alternatives, encourage the overconsumption of resources… and lead to capacity development and consumer patterns in excess of true needs” (Sovacool, 2009). With significant conventional fuel subsidies intact...
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...change the model and provide a more proactive approach to attract consumers. The Offering: Home Depot should adopt a new service as part of the Eco Options® Program - free energy audits. A “Green” station/department should be set up with “Green Consultants” in every store in a high traffic area where customers can set up appointments to have an “Energy Auditor” visit their home and assess their energy usage. The Energy Auditor will then provide a list of recommended improvements and the potential savings that could be achieved from implementing such improvements. If customers choose to hire Home Depot to perform any of the improvements (such as caulking and insulation), they will receive a 10% discount on both labor and product costs. In addition, both the Energy Auditor and the Green Consultant will be knowledgeable on current federal and state incentives in order to educate homeowners on which improvements will qualify for the various programs. Impact on Sales and Marketing: With this service offering, Home Depot would expect to see an increase in sales for many of the commonly purchased energy savings products such as compact fluorescent light bulbs, water conserving faucets and toilets, and other D-I-Y products. Currently, there are many utility organizations that will offer free energy audits, but they focus their assessments on the services that they can provide such as replacing furnaces, air conditioners, and water heaters. However, Home...
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...Energy Choices Nicole Cisco Kaplan University SC250: Science for Everyday Life Professor Stacie Kisver March 6, 2015 Introduction We use energy every day. We use it for entertainment, cooking, transportation, lighting, heating and cooling homes, and manufacturing. Because of the limited amount of non-renewable energy sources, it is important to conserve our current supply or to use renewable energy sources so that our natural resources will be available for future generations. Renewable energy is natural resources such as sunlight, wind, water, and geothermal heat, which are naturally replenished. Renewable energy technologies range from solar power, wind power, hydroelectricity, biomass, and bio-fuels. Non-renewable energy sources are oil, natural gas, and coal. Non-renewable energy is energy taken from resources that will eventually dwindle, becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve. Non-renewable energy cannot be replenished in a short period of time. In this paper I will discuss what energy resources we currently rely on for everyday use, what impacts have been observed on both humans and the environment as a result of increasing energy needs and usage, what new energy resource is best for your home and how can a few simple changes can make a big impact on our environment. Energy Resources for Everyday Use There are many energy resources that we rely on everyday that we do not even think...
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...at both, the federal and state levels. The state level consists of governors and their affiliated staff members; whereas, the federal level is comprised of the President, the Vice President, appointed advisers, the Cabinet, plus a variety of departments and agencies.The primary power of the executive branch lies with the United States President. The President is responsible for implementing and enforcing the laws written by Congress and appoints the heads of the federal agencies, including the Cabinet. The Cabinet and independent federal agencies are responsible for the daily enforcement and administration of federal laws (Our Government, 2011). These executive departments and independent agencies have missions and responsibilities. First, there is the executive department known as the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).The USDA develops and executes policies on farming, agriculture, and food. This department aims to meet the needs of farmers and ranchers; promoting agricultural trade and production; assuring food safety; protecting natural resources; fostering rural communities; and ending hunger within the United States and abroad (About USDA, 2011). The United States Secretary of Agriculture, Tom Vilsack, oversees this department and its seventeen executive agencies. One of those agencies is the U. S. Forest Service. The U. S. Forest Service manages public lands in national forests and grasslands. It is also the largest forestry research organization in the world, and...
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