...Exposition was loved. However, with such greatness of the Exposition came negative events. Throughout his book, The Devil in the White City, Erik Larson depicts Chicago as a ‘White City’ and a ‘Black City’. With a ‘White City’, one may interpret it as angelic, heaven-like, and even awe-inspiring, however, a ‘White City’ can also be interpreted as the opposite. The same applies to a ‘Black City’, usually described as dangerous and lifeless but may also be presented as a ‘White City’. That being said, Larson’s purpose, in his book, is to educate his readers, and those wondering about the Columbian Exposition, about the astonishing events that happened during that time. Larson captures readers’ attention through his convincing, earnest tone, imagery, and juxtaposition, all the while, describing major events that would portray Chicago as a ‘White’ and a ‘Black City’. Larson uses imagery throughout the entirety of his book to establish a concrete vision of the events he believes would define Chicago as a ‘White City and a ‘Black City’. With detailed descriptions such as women walking to work “on streets that angled past bars, gambling houses, and...
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...Burnham and Holmes give an unprecedented representation of “good” and “evil”; with alternating stories, but they aren't so different in the end; with struggles and victories. Holmes, a “devil” in the reader’s mind, uses an eerie scenes to further the evil persona. With Erik Larson’s eloquent style of writing, he cast the reader into a “sea of tranquility," and a “state of ecstasy." Larson uses a mosaic structure, eclectic array of tone, and an advanced picturesque use of imagery. In the chapter by chapter script, structure is key to the illuminating novel, and to interesting the reader with a change from good to evil. Larson’s structure builds suspense and wonderment for the reader; as Larson switches...
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...The Devil in the White City Essay Erik Larson, the author of The Devil in the White City, uses juxtaposition by incorporating specific details about the fair's construction and Holmes's trial of murders to show the underlying evil taking place at such a revolutionary time in history. The author uses mysterious events to reveal his alternative message of the hidden darkness, even in the most joyous times in history. Such as, when Burnham was deciding to paint all the buildings white so that it correlates with the positive attitude of the Chicago World Fair. Meanwhile H. H. Holmes portrays the “dark” side of the city with his cloaked basement of various lingering smells of rancid chemicals that will cause hundreds to disappear without any suspicion....
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...from a cultured individual to a corrupted imperialist of Africans shows that the concept of imperialism not only affects the black natives, but also even the most well-regarded, well-intentioned white colonials. Heart of Darkness attacks colonialism as a deeply flawed enterprise run by corrupt and hollow white men who commit mass devastation on the native population of Africa. In Part II, Kurtz appears to have reached a level of self-discipline, everything “belongs to him”: “You should have heard him say, 'My ivory.' Oh, yes, I heard him. 'My Intended, my ivory, my station, my river, my—' everything belonged to him” (Conrad 48). Kurtz neglects to recognize that his pursuit of heroism is in vain and this drives him into madness. The concept that Heart of Darkness is...
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... and inordinately concerned with the educational welfare of the children in her neighborhood (654)1. It is this outsider status that initially puts Sylvia on guard. However, Sylvia is not impervious to the machinations of her teacher. Though Sylvia loathes Ms. Moore’s condescending questions, they are ultimately effective in their goal. Sylvia is also vulnerable due to her need of a social medium. Sylvia is at the top of the pecking order among her friends, and has a sense of responsibility and community with the group. Though she’d never admit it Sylvia is tied to the neighbor kids, as seen in her preoccupation with their social hierarchy throughout the story. Sylvia’s poverty also puts her in a 1 All page references, given parenthetically within the essay, refer to stories in Sylvan Barnet et al., eds., Literature for Composition, 10th ed. (New York: Pearson,...
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...there are times when the media either permits itself to be manipulated or to act as the agent of manipulation; seemingly, we as the public, receive the opinions of the few, select people that are running the mass media who use the power of mediation to position audience response through encoded values with the media acting as an opinion leader (2-step flow). Mark Duggan was shot by armed police in Tottenham, August 2011, after officers stopped the cab he was in to make an arrest. Duggan was unarmed at the time yet just hours later stories were circulating the media about a dramatic ‘shootout’ with Duggan represented as a ‘violent gangster’. Within just two days of his death, riots had erupted in London as well as copycat riots in other cities up and down the country and reported globally by the press. Before getting out of hand, the riots were a direct response to the actions of the police. Mark Duggan didn’t hit the front page until after the riots had begun and it is likely that, similar to the case of Stephen Lawrence, the audience will never fully know the reality of the initial event. The final inquest report (2014) ruled that the killing was lawful. Looking back on the newspaper and press coverage, how was Duggan mediated? This is the coverage of Mark Duggan’s death on the Daily Mail Online webpage. It was posted in the early hours of 5th August and is a prime example of how mediation can change the image of a person. The photograph used by the Daily Mail is a close...
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...born in Barrio Naguilian in Bauang, La Union on June 17, 1911. He was the fourth child of Crisanto Arguilla and Margarita Estabillo, hard-working farmer folk who owned a small piece of land. | | “Magnificence” Estrella D. Alfon (July 18, 1917 – December 28, 1983) was a well-known prolific Filipina author who wrote in English. Because of continued poor health, she could manage only an A. A. degree from the University of the Philippines. She then became a member of the U. P. writers club and earned and was given the privileged post of National Fellowship in Fiction post at the U. P. Creative Writing Center. She died in the year 1983 at the age of 66. Estrella Alfon was born in Cebu City in 1917. “Old Movies” Ian Rosales Casocot (born 1975) is a creative writer and journalist from Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental, Philippines. He is known for his prizewinning short stories Old Movies, The Hero of the Snore Tango, Rosario and the Stories, and A Strange Map of Time. He also maintains A Critical Survey of Philippine Literature “People of Consequence” Ines del Rosario Taccad-Cammayo (born 21 January 1927) is a Filipino fictionist. She is married to Tomas Cammayo, a civil engineer. They are...
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...Crime and Deviance exam questions Crime questions – Qu. 1 & 2 – both worth 21 marks.You should spend 30 minutes on each question and each should have a traditional essay structure (include an introduction and a conclusion, at least two sides of the argument, two or more theories, relevant studies and as much evaluation as you can cram in!). You also need to show ‘conceptual confidence’ – this just means that you should make it clear to the examiner that you know and understand the important concepts, e.g. anomie, relative deprivation.Make sure you make reference to the item – both essay questions will have their own item. You can often use the information in the item as a springboard into the essay in the introduction. However, you will be penalised for ‘overuse of the item’, so don’t just copy it out. You can use short quotes or statistics from the item though. | Question: | What to include: | Assess the view that ethnic differences in crime rates are the result of the ways in which the criminal justice system operates. | This question is essentially about the presence (or not) of institutional racism in the police, courts and penal system. You will need to compare the importance of this as opposed to explanations that argue that ethnic minorities do commit more crime - either as a result of relative deprivation (left realism) or poor upbringing, absent fathers, etc (new right). * Try to include some stats, reference to patterns of offending, stop and search...
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...Juxtaposition of White and Red What are colors? Why do we see them? How is it possible for our brain to make a connection with colors by having emotions? Color is part of the visible light spectrum and the reason colors appear is due to the pigment that is not absorbed by an object. The description of the reflection allows the eye to see the color and have the brain cells interpret the meaning behind that specific color. The effect of seeing and interpreting colors allows the human brain to cause an emotional response. Knowing that color is the base of how the human race judges and determines what to do next will help humans survive. A great example is when a tomato is bright red, our brain classifies it as ripe and ready for picking. But when the vegetable is green your brain convinces itself that the veggie is not ripe for picking to consume. When a teacher tells his/hers students to write an essay they are given a blank word document. The white page represents the new beginning of the student’s thoughts. Other times a blank page is represented as a thought that has yet to be composed, waiting for a start. Colors have various meanings in different cultures around the world. The most common representation of Red is evil or a sin. While White is commonly recognized as goodness and purity. Learning how dissidences of colors affect one’s emotion can help you show how you feel toward a loved one or help identify the meanings of color correctly. White: pure, new, seraphic...
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...To what extent do the official statistics on crime and ethnicity provide a valid picture of the criminal activities of ethnic minorities? The purpose of official statistics is to provide us with an unbiased, objective and informative look at crime rates within the UK. However, although the statistics themselves may, to a certain extent, be reliable, the way in which they are obtained is not. Police in different areas may deem certain areas of crime a priority and thus report and record these accordingly. Also, biases within the system itself against those from ethnic minorities may affect the resulting statistics to portray an uneven account of criminal activity. The relationship between crime rates and ethnicity is extremely complex due to other factors such as the difficulty of identifying a person’s ethnic origin and the cultural and social differences between ethnic groups. It has been shown on a variety of occasions that male black youths are disproportionately selected by the police to be ‘stopped and searched’; this then results in higher numbers of black youths being charged with offences as they have been caught doing so. However, the same crimes are probably being committed by other subcultures within society, but as both the media and police do not focus on them, they are not being seen. There are many flaws with official statistics and therefore their reliability. For example, there are sections of crime that are...
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...The Gilded Age The purpose of this essay is to show how the Industrial Revolution of the Gilded Age contributed to increased problems in gender, race and class in the latter half of 19th century America. Mark Twain coined the term "The Gilded Age" between the years 1870 and 1900 America in reference to the gold gilding that became popular in the era, but also masked very serious social conflicts that arose across the country (Twain, 1996). Ultimately, with economic growth came wider income gaps and brutal social issues with gender, race and class that divided the country. Throughout the Gilded Age, swift financial growth simultaneously increased the size of the labor force, which in turn increased wages (Roediger, 1991). Given that these wages were higher than in Europe, people immigrated to America en masse, which then increased the overall poverty rates (Roediger, 1991). The Gilded Age also transferred industry from independent craftsman toward railroads, factory manufacturing and mining, which created less skilled and more regimented labor forces. This meant that people were forced to work under poor conditions, which stripped workers of their independence, which was the American way prior to the Industrial Revolution (Twain, 1996). These mass-production methods were created as offshoots of the steam engine with technical advancements expanding the size of workforces, making them larger and set up to accommodate more production, which created new jobs with a higher...
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...Short Essay on Race and Racism Racism occurs when one ethnic group or people as a whole controls, excludes, or tries to exclude another on the idea of the differences that it believes are genetic and cannot be changed. A belief base for racism came to a realization in the Americas during the modern period. No clear and explicit evidence of racism has been found in other cultures or in Europe before the modern period. The identification of the Jews with the devil and witchcraft in the general public of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries was perhaps the first sign of a racist view of the world. Real support for such attitudes came in sixteenth century Spain when Jews who had converted to Christianity and their descendants became the victims of a regular pattern of discrimination and segregation. The period of the Renaissance and Reformation was also the time when Europeans were coming into increasing contact with people of darker skin-color in Africa, Asia, and the Americas and were making conclusions about them. The reasoning for enslaving Africans was that they were unconverted and unbelievers of God, associated between darkness and evil but slave traders and slave owners sometimes took a passage from the book of Genesis as their justification. Ham, derives from the Hebrew Ch’m, associated with being black and burnt. The story was subsequently used to underpin theories of the origin of Africans and to justify their enslavement. (Rattansi p.17) When the state...
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...thought of the 1950s nurtured new ideas and cultures including the Civil Rights Movement and the fast spread of rock and roll. One such cultural revival occurred after the end of World War II during a time of change, prosperity and restoration. The “Puritan dicta” outlined by Baldwin represents the American ideology before the Second World War. As the first settlers of this nation, the Puritans set the mold for many common American ideologies. In the Puritan view white represented good and black represented evil, including Africans and their culture. After the war, Baldwin states that the former puritanical views of whites will be challenged. Musicians such as Elvis Presley were the first to issue this challenge to white society. Early rockers like Elvis would pave the way for social commentary in music that would add much fire to the Civil Rights Movement. To fully understand the explosion of popularity of Black music in the years following World War II, one must understand the social conditions in which Blacks and Whites lived in the South. An article entitled “Not Just the Same Old Show on my Radio” delves into the very issues behind racism. The article names three aspects necessary for social segregation to exist a stigmatism of the oppressed group; signs of “labeled interaction” between groups, and a hierarchy of discrimination. (Kloosterman, Quispel...
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...In 1909, the federal government followed suit by passing the Anti-Opium Act. The federal ban however, only served to make the laws racial motives all the more obvious by solely outlawing opium use in its smoked form, which was the customary Chinese method. It made exceptions for injecting opium and mixing opium with drinks, both of which were popular methods of use among whites (Gray, 2000). In 1914, The New York Times ran a headline that read “Negro Cocaine ‘Fiends’ are a New Southern Menace: Murder and Insanity Increasing Among Lower Class Blacks…” (Williams, 1914, p. 1). Blatantly racist articles such as this were common at the time, and even worse of this one, was that it was written by Dr. Edward H. Williams, a prominent medical doctor in the United States. Dr. Williams went on to make ridiculous claims such as southern police officers having to switch to larger caliber guns because when black people used cocaine, “bullets fired into vital parts that would drop a sane man in his tracks, fail to check the “fiend” (1914, p. 1). The idea of the “cocaine crazed negro” was engrained in the public mind, and because...
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...sharecropper, was born into poverty in Sandersville, Georgia, on in 1887. He was one of 13 children of William and Mariah (Hall) Poole; his father was a sharecropper, and his mother was a domestic worker. He grew up in the same town I grew up in as a child and where I was appointed in 2009 as the first African American in history to serve as the Chairman of the Board of Commissioners, Cordele, Georgia. He attended school only through the fourth grade and dropped out to begin working in sawmills and brickyards. At an early age, Elijah witnessed extreme prejudice and violence toward blacks. He experienced lynchings, racist employers, marginal wages, and other social and economic maladies which all played a role in his exodus from Cordele. This essay will explore how Poole’s early life in Cordele played key role in shaping in role in the Nation of Islam, leadership, and later life and legacy. Elijah Poole Muhammad’s leadership transformed the Nation of Islam. Elijah Poole Muhammad’s early life began when his father, William Poole, Sr. and Mariah Hall joined in holy matrimony on January 9, 1887 in Sandersville, Georgia. William’s father, Irwin was a slave and was passed down as a fourteen year old youth to be a perpetual servant to Jane Swint. Irwin married a fair-skinned mulatto woman named Peggy, who gave birth to William Poole, Sr. Mariah’s mother, Ellen, was a mulatto, fathered by a slave master who had raped her enslaved mother. Ellen was very light in...
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