...Vol. 6, No. 2. ISSN: 1473-8376 www.heacademy.ac.uk/hlst/resources/johlste PRACTICE PAPER Activist, Pragmatist, Reflector or Theorist? In Search of Postgraduate Learning Styles in Tourism and Hospitality Education Rong Huang (rong.huang@plymouth.ac.uk) and Graham Busby (gbusby@plymouth.ac.uk) University of Plymouth, Plymouth Business School, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA ©Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education Abstract Provision of higher education for international students has become an important source of income for British universities. These students have attracted some research attention. This paper considers the learning styles adopted by postgraduate students at one British higher education institution. It is based on their approaches to a specific assignment relating to Krakow, Poland, and utilises multiple methods of data collection. Results from utilising the Learning Styles Questionnaire are presented and tentative conclusions drawn. It is argued that a didactic approach is not sufficient on its own and that assignments need to play to the individual’s personal characteristics where possible. Keywords: Learning styles; International students Introduction The provision of education and training services for people from overseas has become an increasingly important source of income for certain countries, including the UK (Mazzarol, 1998; Mazzarol and Soutar, 1999; 2002). International and particularly non-EU students have inevitably attracted...
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...DFD Narrative External Entities The current system involves four external entities, which include: - Supplier: Provider of raw materials used for Ever Bar production. - Kitchen: Mediates the actual production of Ever bars from the raw materials. - Owner: Ever Bar business owner. - Customer: Individual businesses that desire to purchase Ever Bars. Inputs and Outputs Input: - Customer order request - Raw material order request - Batch order request Output: - Product (Ever Bars) for customer Legend: - Bold indicates a process - [brackets] indicate an entity - {curl brackets} indicate a data store Context Diagram The Supply Chain System is the root process of the system. The general data flow is as follows: The [OWNER] initiates a Raw Materials Request (either by phone or email, requesting ingredients and amounts) is sent to the [SUPPLIER]. In response, the [SUPPLIER] emails an invoice back a supplier invoice through the system. The [OWNER] looks at the supplier invoice data to see what he's ordered. A [CUSTOMER] (Dawson's market, Roots Market, etc.) calls the [OWNER] and with a purchase inquiry through a Product Request. That info is then flowed to the [OWNER] for review. The [OWNER] then creates a Customer Order Invoice, which is then sent back to the [CUSTOMER] as an Order Invoice. To create batches, the [OWNER] first enters what he uses and quantity (Raw Materials Data), which is then used in his batch order. Once the batch has been produced...
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...gdsfdsf dfds is switched off. fsdfHybrid dfsd fdsfsd fsd dfsdf dfsdfdgdggregfdggenerative braking. This latter energy is preferably udfsdf dfs q wr gdf sed for pure electric propulef sdfsdsdfsdfdsfdssion where the internal combustion engine gdsfdsf dfds is switched off. fsdfHybrid dfsd fdsfsd fsd dfsdf dfsdfdgdggregfdggenerative braking. This latter energy is preferably udfsdf dfs q wr gdf sed for pure electric propulef sdfsdsdfsdfdsfdssion where the internal combustion engine gdsfdsf dfds is switched off. fsdfHybrid dfsd fdsfsd fsd dfsdf dfsdfdgdggregfdggenerative braking. This latter energy is preferably udfsdf dfs q wr gdf sed for pure electric propulef sdfsdsdfsdfdsfdssion where the internal combustion engine gdsfdsf dfds is switched off. fsdfHybrid dfsd fdsfsd fsd dfsdf dfsdfdgdggregfdggenerative braking. This latter energy is preferably udfsdf dfs q wr gdf sed for pure electric propulef sdfsdsdfsdfdsfdssion where the internal combustion engine gdsfdsf dfds is switched off. fsdfHybrid dfsd fdsfsd fsd dfsdf dfsdfdgdggregfdggenerative braking. This latter energy is preferably udfsdf dfs q wr gdf sed for pure electric propulef sdfsdsdfsdfdsfdssion where the internal combustion engine gdsfdsf dfds is switched off. fsdfHybrid dfsd fdsfsd fsd dfsdf dfsdfdgdggregfdggenerative braking. This latter energy is preferably udfsdf dfs q wr gdf sed for pure electric propulef sdfsdsdfsdfdsfdssion where the internal combustion engine gdsfdsf dfds is switched...
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...i = 0 / PV=FV As i increases, the higher is the OCW and the lower the PV If i is low, OCW lower, higher PV* Relationship between i and PV is inverse, i and OCW is direct Find PV of each and add them up NPV Rule (best rule) Can be used in any business decision FVs = present value through years n (future profit/revenue?) C0 = current spending So if NPV > 0 / accept the project * NPV zero is long-run perfect competition * Oligopoly – NPV positive * NPV is positive free entry * Dry cleaning is NPV zero * * PV Perpetuity * Perpetuity = somebody is offering me fixed dollar forever * fixed cash flow forever * ex. Type of government bond * when they want to finance huge project * * ex. ) CF = 100 * value of some of the hundreds are just few cents (CFs as years increases) * * Test? How come in infinite series has a finite answer? * * Firm Valuation and Profit Max * Maximize profit = PV of current and future * *Assumption = business that I buying is a mature business This mature business is going to grow at constant rate (g) Pit=Pit(1+g)^t G has to be less than I (what you want (i) should be more than g) Second formula!! pi0 has been paid ALREADY If pi0 has not been paid then use first formula Assmp1. Pi grows at constant rate Assmp2. I is more than G * * Marginal Analysis * When you want to make a decision, look at marginal * You maximize MB=MC * Every decision...
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...AB Hi-Fi is a multi-store retail business that sells products such as DVDs, CDs, mp3 players, game consoles and TVs. In addition, AB Hi-Fi also sells music, games and DVDs via its website. AB Hi-Fi has a central warehouse that is located in Melbourne. All products purchased by the business are delivered to this central warehouse. The narrative of the production cycle and sales and revenue cycle are as follows. When product designers create and save a new product specification, the computer automatically generates and sends a message to the product planning clerk to advise them of the new product. The product planning clerk inputs the new product number into the computer and requests the computer to print a copy of the relevant product specification. After the product planning clerk collects the copy of the product specification they read it carefully to ensure they understand the nature and details of the new product. If any part of the product specification is unclear they liaise with the product designers to ensure that they understand the specification before continuing with the product planning. The product planning clerk keys in a request for details of current stocks of raw material inventory items. The computer extracts and displays a list of the items, including the inventory item’s number, a description of the material, and the amount of material currently in stock. The product planning clerk compares the list of materials inventory with the details of the raw materials...
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...Dear Emily, In my honest opinion, I believe your rhetorical essay on “America Needs Its Nerds” by Leonid Fridman was fairly decent, overall. Although you had several strong sentence structures and comments, there are a few weaknesses to your essay which I will try to critique, constructively. The first paragraph in your essay had a strong introductory sentence. It also included the purpose of the paragraph, which was mentioned clearly and thoughtfully. However, you need a stronger assertion sentence in the first body paragraph. Also, there are a few instances where your sentence’s ideas were repeated a few times, so try to proofread your essay and merge the sentences together to come up with a better sentence, or simply exclude one of those sentences. You had great commentaries that show your understanding of the rhetorical strategies that you addressed. However, they’ve only explained “why” a strategy was used but not “how” it was used. The second and third paragraphs had strong assertions as well as implicit quotations from the passage. Although your essay does not include 5 paragraphs, I can conclude that you have good understanding about how to find and explain rhetorical strategies used in passages and texts. You had solid assertions, implicit and strong evidence, as well as fairly thorough commentaries. However, you need to work on maintaining the flow of your essay, reconsidering the optimal vocabulary that could be used in certain sentences, and proofreading your...
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...1) Draw a context diagram for the expenditure cycle for AB Hi-Fi Suppliers Purchase Requisition Quote Purchase Order Invoice AB Hi-Fi Expenditure cycle Bank Supplier Payment Details Items Delivered Delivery Docket Accepts / Rejects Delivery Delivery Driver Prepare a level 0 DFD for the expenditure cycle at AB Hi-Fi Purchase Clerk Monitors stock levels Completed Purchase Requisition Inventory Purchase Requisition Approved Purchase Requisition Purchase Manager 1.0 Demand for Goods Commence ordering on receipt of approved purchase requisition 2.0 OrderingG oods Requests list of approved suppliers Purchase Clerk Quotes sent Opens Requisition Requests for quotes Purchase Requisition Suppliers Create Purchase Order P.O. emailed Purchase Order P.O. emailed P.O. emailed Warehouse Clerk Receiving Report & Delivery Docket Delivery Docket Accepts / Rejects Delivery Delivery Driver 3.0 Receiving Goods Supplier Payment Updates 4.0 Payment for Goods Creates Payment File Extracts PO status Invoice P.O. data store Suppliers Payments File Accounts Payable General Ledger data store Supplier Payment Details Bank Process 1.0 Determine demand for goods Process 2.0 Order goods Process 3.0 Receive goods Process 3.0 Receive goods Process 3.0 Receive goods Process 4.0 Pay for goods All Suppliers Approved Suppliers Purchase Clerk Provide PO number on...
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...dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdfdsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsfdsfd sdfsdf sdfdsf dsdf dfsdfsdf dfdsfsdsdfdsf sdf dsfdsf sdfdsf sdfdsf...
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...1- NBA Referee Tim Donaghy is involved in betting on games he officiated. He is involved in setting the score of the NBA 2002 final by extending the games series to seven games. This betting scandal affected the NBA in many ways; the customers and fans of this sport felt betrayed by the referee and the NBA management. The image of the NBA went down in its fans eyes and watchers lost their trust in the game. Fans, from now on will interfere in every questionable decision from the referee maybe has he personal profit for its outcome. NBA had a trustworthy image but unfortunately lost it. First of all NBA management should sue the referee involved and investigate with other referees to make sure that Tim was the only one involved in this scandal. Second, the NBA management should check the backgrounds of the old and new referees to see if they had any gambling history. Third, the NBA management should create a live and computed referee selection for every game; for example, a number of 40 trustworthy referee shows up to the game, 3 of them are selected by the computer to run the game, this way we reduce the chance of having a score previously settled by a referee. Fourth, NBA should include in her referee’s contract that any kind of game betting and gambling is forbidden. As for the press, the NBA management should focus on the fact that this scandal was made by a single referee and the other referees are clean, and that referees that get into this kind of gambling will be sued...
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...ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj j j ifi fi I ififii Fgjhfghsfghf jksdh f olk shcdvl k l khsdfl lk h lk jhl ljkhk ojhi ghui the thee the the ehthe the tehe the e the tehe the e the the e the e the ehteh dfd j jfj...
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...completion of one of two or more process steps based on the results of a test or condition. * Iteration: The completion of a process step that is repeated until a specific condition changes. * An example of iteration is a process that continues to print paychecks until it reaches the end of the payroll file. Iteration also is called looping. 2. Describe Gane and Sarson symbols used for processes, data flows, data stores, and entities. Give four examples of typical names for processes, data flows, data stores, and entities. The Gane and Sarson symbol set is used for drawing a DFD’s; Yourdon is another set. A Process Symbol receives input data and produces output that has a different content, form or both. In DFDs, a process symbol can be referred to as a black box, because the inputs, outputs, and the general functions of the process are known, but the underlying details and logic of the process are hidden Data Flow Symbol shows a path for data to move from...
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...COMPUTER LECTURE What is a DFD? Data Flow Diagramming is a means of representing a system at any level of detail with a graphic network of symbols showing data flows, data stores, data processes, and data sources/destinations. When it comes to conveying how information data flows through systems (and how that data is transformed in the process), data flow diagrams (DFDs) are the method of choice over technical descriptions for three principal reasons. * DFDs are easier to understand by technical and nontechnical audiences * DFDs can provide a high level system overview, complete with boundaries and connections to other systems * DFDs can provide a detailed representation of system components DFDs help system designers and others during initial analysis stages visualize a current system or one that may be necessary to meet new requirements. Systems analysts prefer working with DFDs, particularly when they require a clear understanding of the boundary between existing systems and postulated systems. DFDs represent the following: * External devices sending and receiving data * Processes that change that data * Data flows themselves * Data storage locations The hierarchical DFD typically consists of a top-level diagram (Level 0) underlain by cascading lower level diagrams (Level 1, Level 2…) that represent different parts of the system. What are the symbols used in DFD? DFDs consist of four basic components...
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...fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f fdf d fdf df df dfd fdf d Yodfd f...
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...legal and ethical implications from the flow charts which I had produced for my M2. Legal Implications Data Protection Act - this Act would need to be considered when using the Input flow charts for an operation as it may affect the way data analysis can be performed. For the Sales ‘Data Flow Diagram’ (DFD), the functional area would need to ensure that they are following legal regulations when analysing data during several of the processes - this may affect the general analysis of the data as certain processes may not be able to be performed if they go against the Data Protection Act. Alternatively, this Act would have a less noticeable impact on the Administration DFD as less data analysis is involved; therefore the functional area would not have to adjust their working procedures as much as the previous DFD....
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