...HUL 231: INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE History and its representation in literature * The Holocaust Name: Pooja Nath Entry No: 2009CH10087 Group No: 1 Contents | Chapter | Page Number | | | | 1. | Literature from the Holocaust: An Introduction | 3 | 2. | Piecing Together History: Stories of Survival | 4 | | Map: Nazi Concentration Camps | 4 | 2.a | Before the war | 4 | 2.b | During the war | 5 | 2.c | After the war | 6 | 3 | Maus: Graphics and Symbolism | 6 | 4 | Comparative Analysis: Understanding the Characters | | 4.a | Sophie and Vladek | 8 | 4.b | Sophie and Anja | 9 | 4.c | Nathan Landau and Holocaust survivors | 10 | 4.d | Stingo and Art as narrators | 10 | 5 | Bibliography | 11 | Literature from the Holocaust: An Introduction “The Jews are undoubtedly a race, but they are not human.” Adolf Hitler Official figures tell that six million Jews, two million Poles, one million Serbs, five million Russians were exterminated during World War II – the actual toll of executions by the Nazi Government, can never be estimated. Holocaust was a period of unspeakable horror and infernal ramifications which were not only felt across Europe but also in places like Laos. When I began this term paper, it was meant to be a study of the literature pertaining to this period of Nazi regime in Poland during World War II. What it turned out to be was a account of implacable and starkly real evil. A subject that has inspired countless movies...
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...experienced the same torture as everyone else did. Many of infants and toddlers were born in the camps, while others, typically older kids, were stolen from their homes. One and a half million children were killed by the Nazis and their helpers throughout the duration of the Holocaust. Out of the millions that perished, over one million were Jewish children, and tens of thousands were either Gypsy children, German disabled children, or Polish children. Kids were not normally allowed in some of the bigger camps, so daily they were forced to hide for their safety whenever the camp Kommandant came. Younger children that could not work were taken care of by the adults whenever possible, but boys and girls around the ages of thirteen to eighteen were deemed able to be used for forced labor (Children during the Holocaust). To pass time, numerous amounts of adolescents kept diaries from their times in the camps. An example of a diary is one such as the Diary of Anne Frank, which she wrote as she was hiding from the Nazis for two years (Children’s Diaries during the Holocaust). People trapped in concentration camps spent their lives in constant fear and pain. Some gave up on ever making it out, while others fought on to survive no matter what it took. Survivors of the Holocaust, even today, are haunted by the images of gas ovens and acid showers, the loss of loved ones, and more. They were stripped of their names, their identities, and their looks, and in place they were given numbers...
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...The Truth about the Holocaust January 30,1933 through May 8,1945 was a tragic time for the Jews. This period of time is known as the Holocaust and it means, “sacrifice by fire.” The Holocaust consisted of the persecution and murder of over 5,860,000 Jews by the Nazis. Not only were the Jews killed during this time, but the Nazis also murdered gypsies, Serbs, polish intelligentsia, resistance fighters from all nations, German opponents of Nazism, homosexuals, Jehovah’s witnesses, habitual criminals, and beggars. Most were captured and sent to death camps also known as concentration camps. We need to understand why the Jews were singled out for mass genocide and why people today deny that the Holocaust ever happened. It is only with complete knowledge of the past can we prevent this from ever occurring in the future. The reason that the Jews were singled out during the Holocaust is based on the Nazis belief that the goal of the Jews was world domination and that this would obstruct Aryan dominance. Also, many Nazis believed that the Jews were the killers of Christ. They claimed that the Jews were the agents of the devil, and that they practiced witchcraft. The Germans defined who was Jewish by issuing the following definition on November 14, 1935: “anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who belonged to the Jewish community on September 15, 1935; someone who was married to a Jew on September 15, 1935 or after; and children that were offspring...
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...human behaviors for example, human mind, especially inner experiences, thoughts, feelings, emotions, fantasies, and dreams. I have chosen one book and a movie. In a book, it talks about James, who is a main character of the story. He was really confused about his identity because he was a black and his mother was a white. In a movies, they showed the racism and differences create between students in their childhood. Both of these based on true stories. I would compare these character with Marxism and Freud’s theory. A Black Man's Tribute to His White Mother is the autobiography of James McBride. It is also a tribute to his mother. It starts of the narrator James’s mother Ruth, who describes her early life with her family. She was born in Polish Orthodox Jewish family that was immigrant to United States. She had a repressed childhood in Virginia. She was sexually abused as a child from her father. In critical theory today: a user friendly guide, Tyson defines Fear of abandonment—“the unshakable belief that our friends and loved ones are going to desert us (physical abandonment) or don’t really care about us (emotional abandonment)” (Tyson 16). Tyson also comment on this definition if fear of abandonment is my core issue, I am liable to develop fear of intimacy as a core issue as well. “When we look at the world through a psychoanalytic lens, we see that it is comprised of individual human beings, each with a...
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...It was a time of crisis, a time of tragedy and a time of courage and of undying love. The story of Mila 18 is set in German occupied Warsaw Poland before and during the German occupation of World War 2. Leon Uris's book is based upon the systematic humiliation and destruction of the Jewish population in Poland. Although the book is a fiction novel the story is based upon real historical facts and accounts from journals and survivors of the time period. The story is given a lot of depth by being told from a variety of points of view such as the German brainwashed pride, to the foreign journalist and the young Jewish boy to the Highest ranking Jewish military officer in the Polish army. Mila 18 started out as just a assignment to me that I had to complete in order to graduate high school. After about the 3rd chapter I really became intrigued with this story and I also became emotionally invested in the characters. I was nervous when there was danger and peril, I rooted for the couples, I was sad when they broke apart. The main reason why this book hit a chord with me was that it taught me what true courage is, what true strength is and what true love is. It is easy to be able to have any of that when life is easy but when pushed into a corner forced to live in sub human conditions and practically starved, that is when the true shows of courage, strength and love brought fourth. Over 600,000 Jews, gypsies, homosexuals and criminals were crammed into a ghetto only a few city blocks...
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...American Apparel: Exploitation to the Highest Elevation Amanda Data Lifestyle and marketing through social media platforms, such as Instagram, has increased company sales exponentially. Well-known, “Made in the USA” brand, American Apparel has continually sought after its minimalistic customers through heavy media presence. Clay Shirky’s “Here Comes Everybody” suggests that social media democratization has secured a “unified freedom of speech” in a society that encourages the publication of anyone that wants to have a voice in these social media outlets (79). American Apparel’s Instagram presence has created a feed of the brand’s current aesthetic, showing no evidence of the risqué and inappropriate advertisements from past seasons – accounts that the company has been chastised for on numerous occasions. In a society where freedom of speech unites social media users, it also has consolidated a profile of companies where others have access to preconceived ideas of them. While American Apparel has attempted to use Instagram in effort to retract their resentful brand image from the past, it appears that they have misused the security of “unified freedom of speech” to the own disadvantage, resulting in wallowing debts and a cooperate image that is misrepresented by their picturesque Instagram. Author of The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell focuses on the idea of spreading thoughts, ideas, and relationships through one single people that enables themselves to provide this sort...
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...leadership, choices and types of love by emphasizing that gender does not matter and although they both portray each theme differently, both authors show that the stories of the characters are not that different. Although men are normally portrayed as superior to women, women have the potential to rise up and become leaders. In Allende’s Daughter of Fortune, Jeremy Sommer is the head of his household. Although that is true, he is only a figurehead because Ms. Rose is the one who maintains their home. This is especially true when Allende writes: Jeremy, as the master of the house and head of the family, had the right to open his sister’s correspondence, read her private diary, and demand a copy of the keys to her furniture, but he never showed any inclination to do it. . .She had good taste and effortless grace, she put a polish on both their lives, and her presence was a check to the belief, widely held on these shores, that a man without a family was a potential malefactor (Allende 12-13). This demonstrates how although Jeremy is the head of the household, the one who actually holds power in their home, is Ms. Rose. The quote above shows how Jeremy has the power to invade Ms. Rose’s personal belongings, but he simply chooses not to exercise his power. He is described as someone who simply cannot be bothered with things like constraining his sister. Apart from that, he shows no inclination to step up and rule his household. This is seen when he lets his sister take charge. Because of Jeremy’s...
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...throne but that fell through as he soon became sick. Because he was the heir, Nikolay was pre-engaged to Maria Feodorovna of Denmark. Maria would later be passed onto and become Alexander III’s wife. Nikolay went on a tour of southern Europe but soon contracted an illness that he ignored. That was until he became very sick due to contracting rheumatism. After falling ill, Nikolay told Alexander III that he wanted his fiance to be passed onto to him seeing how he was going to be Czar. Nikolay died on April 24, 1865 at the age of 21. Alexander was in love with a girl by the name of Princess Maria Meshcherskaya and was planning to marry her until his brother asked him to marry his fiancee. Alexander agreed to his brother's wishes and married Maria Alexandrovna. The marriage between Alexander III and Maria was a pleasant, happy marriage. Maria and Alexander were complete opposites as it was stated in the Czar's diary, while Maria loved balls, Alexander despised them; and while she loved riding horse riding, Alexander was terrified of horses. One thing they did agree on was painting, Maria was a profound painter and had a few painting put in museums and Alexander painted in his free time. Alexander III had a museum named after him for all his collection of paintings but was changed after the Russian Revolution. Alexander’s father, Alexander II was killed in 1881 by the organization People’s Will. While riding in his carriage, a bomber blew up and killed his stage coach. While...
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...Access to Business | “Marketing” | | 5/7/2012Words: 2883 | The purpose of this assignment is to demonstrate the main marketing concepts which include: * Product development * Distribution * Pricing * Promotional strategies I will explain all these marketing points in two contrasting organisations. One of them is a Cadbury and the other is Nestle. 1. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT It is a process which is designed to develop, test and consider the viability of products which are new to the market in order to ensure the growth or survival of the organisation. Developing new product evaluations for the following criteria: 1.1 Product portfolio “Product portfolio is the range of products that an organization has to offer to its customers” ( Eve Wydebach, 2010)” To show a product portfolio I would like to use CADBURY as an example. It is one of the largest confectionery companies. Cadbury’s offer: * Bars: Fredo, Curly Wurly, Brunch, Snack, Fudge, Picnic, StarBar, Timeout, Dream, Flake, Boost, Double Decker, Bournville, Chomp, Dairy Milk, Dairy Milk Chocos, Dairy Milk Bliss, Wispa, Twirl, Crunchie. * Cakes and biscuits: Digestive biscuits, Flake Celebration Cake, Mini Rolls, Fingers, Caramel Cake Bars, Half Coated Mini Animal Biscuits. * Boxes, bags and tins: Twirl Bites, Heroes, Chocolate Eclairs, Dairy Milk Caramel Nibbles, Milk Tray, Buttoms, Clusters, Crunchie Rocks, KOKO...
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...Acclaim for Chuck Palahniuk’s Choke “Just as dark and outrageous as his previous work. … His voice is so distinctive that he exists as a genre unto himself.” —The Washington Post “Palahniuk’s language is urgent and tense, touched with psychopathic brilliance, his images dead-on accurate. … [He] is an author who makes full use of the alchemical powers of fiction to synthesize a universe that mirrors our own fiction as a way of illuminating the world without obliterating its complexity.” —LA Weekly “Puts a bleakly humorous spin on self-help, addiction recovery, and childhood trauma. … Choke’s funny, mantra-like prose plows toward the mayhem it portends from the get-go.” —The Village Voice “Oddly, defiantly, addictive.” happily —Daily News “[Choke] shines a flashlight into America’s dark corners. … As darkly comic and starkly terrifying as your high school yearbook photo.” —GQ “Palahniuk is a gifted writer, and the novel is full of terrific lines.” —The New York Times Book Review “[Palahniuk’s] most enduring trait … is that marvelous quicksilver voice of his. … The exuberance of his language makes it still worthwhile to brave these often chilly and dark waters.” —The Oregonian “Choke is another welcome antidote to antiseptic consumer life, and you can’t blame it for grabbing you by the throat.” —Maxim “Palahniuk is a cult writer in the truest sense.” —Entertainment Weekly “His subversive riffs conjure a kind of jump-cut cinema of the diseased imagination, resulting...
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...MODULE C – History and Memory Sample 1 How has your understanding of events, personalities or situations been shaped by their representations in the texts you have studied. Refer to your prescribed text and at least TWO other related texts of your own choosing. History can be defined as “the methodical record of public events” where memory is defined as “the faculty by which events are recalled or kept in mind”. Thus history and memory interrelate as history can be seen as the contextual justification for memory. “The Fiftieth Gate” is a poignant interweaving of history and memory. The text follows protagonist, Mark Baker an historian, son of Holocaust survivors Genia and Yossl (Joe), on an historical journey through memory, to uncover the origins of his past and act as a catalyst for future generations to also connect with their history. Mark Baker’s journey through history and memory is also executed through his conventional ideas that memory is biased and less valid than history. There are numerous references to the discrepancies between the personal memories of his parents and the documented history Mark as an historian believes. In this way it is apparent that Mark is on a quest for verification, “my facts from the past are different”. This displays the flaw Mark traditionally notes in memory and his need for historical evidence. As responders accompany Mark on his journey, they also encounter the complexity of simultaneously being a son and an historian. This...
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...THE DIARY OF A YOUNG GIRL : THE DEFINITIVE EDITION Anne Frank Edited by Otto H. Frank and Mirjam Pressler Translated by Susan Massotty -- : -BOOK FLAP Anne Frank's The Diary of a Young Girl is among the most enduring documents of the twentieth century. Since its publication in 1947, it has been read by tens of millions of people all over the world. It remains a beloved and deeply admired testament to the indestructable nature of the human spirit. Restore in this Definitive Edition are diary entries that had been omitted from the original edition. These passages, which constitute 30 percent more material, reinforce the fact that Anne was first and foremost a teenage girl, not a remote and flawless symbol. She fretted about, and tried to copie with, her own emerging sexuality. Like many young girls, she often found herself in disagreement with her mother. And like any teenager, she veered between the carefree nature of a child and the full-fledged sorrow of an adult. Anne emerges more human, more vulnerable, and more vital than ever. Anne Frank and her family, fleeing the horrors of Nazi occupation, hid in the back of an Amsterdam warehouse for two years. She was thirteen when the family went into the Secret Annex, and in these pages she grows to be a young woman and a wise observer of human nature as well. With unusual insight, she reveals the relations between eight people living under extraordinary conditions, facing hunger, the ever-present threat of discovery and death, complete...
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...A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Context James Joyce was born on February 2, 1882, in the town of Rathgar, near Dublin, Ireland. He was the oldest of ten children born to a well-meaning but financially inept father and a solemn, pious mother. Joyce's parents managed to scrape together enough money to send their talented son to the Clongowes Wood College, a prestigious boarding school, and then to Belvedere College, where Joyce excelled as an actor and writer. Later, he attended University College in Dublin, where he became increasingly committed to language and literature as a champion of Modernism. In 1902, Joyce left the university and moved to Paris, but briefly returned to Ireland in 1903 upon the death of his mother. Shortly after his mother's death, Joyce began work on the story that would later become A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Published in serial form in 1914–1915, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Mandraws on many details from Joyce's early life. The novel's protagonist, Stephen Dedalus, is in many ways Joyce's fictional double—Joyce had even published stories under the pseudonym "Stephen Daedalus" before writing the novel. Like Joyce himself, Stephen is the son of an impoverished father and a highly devout Catholic mother. Also like Joyce, he attends Clongowes Wood, Belvedere, and University Colleges, struggling with questions of faith and nationality before leaving Ireland to make his...
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...MEG CABOT Pants on Fire One “Oh my God, what’s she doing here?” my best friend, Sidney van der Hoff, was asking, as I came up to the corner booth to hand out menus. Sidney wasn’t talking about me. She was glaring at someone at another table. But I couldn’t be bothered to look and see who Sidney was talking about, since my boyfriend, Seth, was sitting next to her, smiling up at me…that smile that’s been making girls’ insides melt since about the fifth grade, when we all started noticing Seth’s even white teeth and highly kissable lips. It still freaks me out that out of all the girls in school, I’m the one he picked to kiss with those lips. “Hey, babe,” Seth said to me, blinking his long, sexy eyelashes—the ones that I overheard my mom telling Sidney’s mom over the phone are totally wasted on a guy. He snaked an arm around my waist and gave me a squeeze. “Hi,” I said, a little breathlessly. Not just because of the squeeze, but because I had a twelve-top (Mrs. Hogarth’s ninety-seventh birthday party) that was running me ragged, refilling their iced tea glasses and such, so I was panting a little anyway. “How was the movie?” “Lame,” Sidney answered for everyone. “You didn’t miss anything. Lindsay should stick with red; blond does nothing for her. Seriously, though. What’s Morgan Castle doing here?” Sidney used the menu I’d just given her to point at a table over in Shaniqua’s section. “I mean, she’s got some nerve.” I started to say...
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...I AM MALALA The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and was Shot by the Taliban Malala Yousafzai with Christina Lamb Weidenfeld & Nicolson LONDON To all the girls who have faced injustice and been silenced. Together we will be heard. Contents Cover Title Page Dedication Prologue: The Day my World Changed PART ONE: BEFORE THE TALIBAN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 A Daughter Is Born My Father the Falcon Growing up in a School The Village Why I Don’t Wear Earrings and Pashtuns Don’t Say Thank You Children of the Rubbish Mountain The Mufti Who Tried to Close Our School The Autumn of the Earthquake PART TWO: THE VALLEY OF DEATH 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Radio Mullah Toffees, Tennis Balls and the Buddhas of Swat The Clever Class The Bloody Square The Diary of Gul Makai A Funny Kind of Peace Leaving the Valley PART THREE: THREE BULLETS, THREE GIRLS 16 17 18 19 20 The Valley of Sorrows Praying to Be Tall The Woman and the Sea A Private Talibanisation Who is Malala? PART FOUR: BETWEEN LIFE AND DEATH 21 ‘God, I entrust her to you’ 22 Journey into the Unknown PART FIVE: A SECOND LIFE 23 ‘The Girl Shot in the Head, Birmingham’ 24 ‘They have snatched her smile’ Epilogue: One Child, One Teacher, One Book, One Pen . . . Glossary Acknowledgements Important Events in Pakistan and Swat A Note on the Malala Fund Picture Section Additional Credits and Thanks Copyright Prologue: The Day my World Changed I COME FROM a country which was created at midnight. When...
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