...anthropologists, where did the first human beings live? Why did they leave that place? How did they get to North America? According to anthropologists the first human beings lived in Ethiopia, Africa around 2 million years ago for example: Lucy known as the oldest human found there. The most probable reason why the first human left Africa is because of the Ice Age. The cold made life so difficult to survive and somehow reduced in their population. They went through a land bridge, which existed to connect North America and Asia during the Ice Age. * What was the Columbian Exchange? How did the Columbian Exchange affect Europe? How did it affect North America? The Columbian Exchange is basically understand as the exchange in foods, animals, plants as well as diseases between the New World (North America) and the Old World (Europe) followed after the discovery of America by Columbus. The Columbian Exchange affected both world in many ways. For Europe, it brings avocado, potato, tomato, corn, beans, tobacco, turkeys as positive effects and the negative effect are diseases like tuberculosis and syphilis. For North America, positive effects: coffee beans, olive, banana, sugar cane, grape, sheep, pig, horse. And the negative effects impact North America are: smallpox, chickenpox, measles etc… * Name four groups of people who migrated to British North America in the 17th century. Why did each of those groups migrate? Virginia Settlement – these settlers known...
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...Cahokia- Near modern day St. Louis, one of the largest urban centers by Mississippian people with 30,000 residents in 1250. Settlement based on agriculture. Great League of Peace and Power- Confederation of five nations, formed in the fifteenth century to stop conflict and gain strength against enemies. Songhai Empire- Powerful West-African state that flourished between 1450 and 1591, when it fell to Moroccan invasion. One of the highest empires of their time. Reconquista- Long struggle that ended in 1492, which Spanish Christians reconquered the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim occupiers. Protestants- Europeans...
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...packet will guide you through the fourth unit in AP World History and prepare you for the reading quizzes, vocabulary quizzes, essays, and the unit test on January ___, 2010 You must complete ALL of the pages in the workbook by yourself to get credit; incomplete or incorrect work will result in a zero for the whole packet. Unit 4 Vocabulary Terms Quiz #1 1. Scientific Revolution (p. 410) 2. heliocentrism (p. 410) 3. sacrament (p. 396) 4. Renaissance (p. 405) 5. bourgeoisie (p. 413) 6. republic (p. 422) 7. Protestant Reformation (p. 406) 8. Jesuit (p. 409) 9. joint-stock companies (p. 415) 10. mercantilism (p. 468) Quiz #2 1. caravel (p. 384) 2. conquistadors (p. 394) 3. Columbian Exchange (p. 431) 4. maritime (p. 402) 5. manumission . (p.467) 6. coerced labor systems (p.475) 7. plantation cash crop (p.470) 8. tariffs (p.469) 9. indigenous (p.393) 10. encomiendas (p. 439) 11. serfs (p.529) 12. mestizo (pp. 442 – 45) Historical Thinking Skills: Periodization, Causation, Contextualization Timeline Exercise: Annotate the timeline with two facts about the important effects of each event Unit 3: 1450–1750 (Early Modern) 1453 Ottomans captured Constantinople; end of Byzantine 1450s Gutenberg’s Printing Press; Portuguese expand trade in West Africa: Benin, Kongo 1483 Babur conquered northern India, and founded the Mughal...
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...the course, students will be able to: SLO1. Describe the cultural, geographic and climatic influences on Native American societies. SLO2. Compare and contrast religious, social and cultural differences among the major European settlers. SLO3. Describe the events that helped create American nationalism and lead to the American Revolution. SLO4. Explain the Constitutional Convention, the Articles of Confederation, and the emergence of a democratic nation. SLO5. Explain the U.S. Constitution as it related to the separation of powers, checks and balances, the Bill of Rights, and the major principles of democracy. SLO6. Evaluate the Jeffersonian dream of expansion and its effect on Native Americans SLO7. Describe Jacksonian democracy and the creation of a two party system SLO8. Explain slavery and associated issues that led to the Civil War and its aftermath. Module Titles Module 1—Early American exploration and colonization (SLO1) Module 2—British colonies (SLO2) Module 3—Road to the Revolution and the American Revolution (SLO3) Module 4—Early Republic (SLO4 and SLO5) Module 5—Jacksonian America (SLO 6 and SLO7) Module 6—Road to the Civil War (SLO8) Module 7—Civil War (SLO8) Module 8—Shaping American history: Signature Assignment (all SLOs) Module 1 Early Exploration and Contact with Native Americans Welcome to HIS 120: U.S. History and the Constitution How to be Successful in the Course Each module has a lecture...
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...ISSUES The Science Behind Pre-Columbian Evidence of Syphilis in Europe: Research by Documentary GEORGE J. ARMELAGOS, MOLLY K. ZUCKERMAN, AND KRISTIN N. HARPER This article discusses the presentation of scientific findings by documentary, without the process of peer review. We use, as an example, PBS’s ‘‘The Syphilis Enigma,’’ in which researchers presented novel evidence concerning the origin of syphilis that had never been reviewed by other scientists. These ‘‘findings’’ then entered the world of peer-reviewed literature through citations of the documentary itself or material associated with it. Here, we demonstrate that the case for pre-Columbian syphilis in Europe that was made in the documentary does not withstand scientific scrutiny. We also situate this example from paleopathology within a larger trend of ‘‘science by documentary’’ or ‘‘science by press conference,’’ in which researchers seek to bypass the peer review process by presenting unvetted findings directly to the public. George J. Armelagos is Goodrich C. White Professor of Anthropology at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. His research has focused on diet and disease in prehistory. He was the Viking Medal Medalist (Wenner-Gren Foundation) in 2005, received The Franz Boas Award for Exemplary Service to Anthropology from the American Anthropological Association in 2008, and The Charles Darwin Award for Lifetime Achievement to Biological Anthropology from the American Association of Physical Anthropologists...
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...breeds of horses and camels 2. The quote actually describes all of the following empires EXCEPT (A) Han China (B) Ottoman Empire (C) Safavid Empire (D) Mughal Empire (E) Russian Empire 3. Sikhism is accurately defined as a religion that (A) was native to Japan, but shared similar beliefs to Daoism (B) flourished primarily in Southeast Asia (C) originated in the Ottoman Empire as another major split in Islam (D) Originated in India, with blend of Muslim and Hindu beliefs (E) Developed in Central America s a protest to Spanish-imposed Christianity 4. Which of the following decisions by the Portuguese most directly affected the Arab African cities of the east coast of Africa? (A) to trade only from coastal centers (B) to monopolize the Indian Ocean trade (C) to set up an African trading network that included the interior trade routes of the Sahara (D) to allow Christian missionaries to evangelize in the cities of the east coast (E) to start navigators’ school in Portugal 5. All of the following are common problems that the Muslim Empires of 1450-1750 shared EXCEPT: (A) Sunni-controlled governments whose power was seriously challenged by a Shiʻa minority (B) Inadequate transportation and systems for their armies (C) Unruly warrior elites that challenged government (D) Inadequate bureaucracies that could not adequately govern or keep in touch with citizens (E) The rise of the European rivals who ultimately built stronger...
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...began first permanent contact between Europeans and the Americas o Hernando De Soto discovered the Mississippi o Francisco Cortes explored the SW (Grand Canyon), brought horses to Native Americans, 2. French (new French) Reasons for exploration o Fishing and Fur Trade Area claimed o All along the Saint Lawrence River and later the Mississippi River to Louisiana Importance of Verazzano, Cartier, Champlain, de la Salle. o Verazzano was first to discover New York and claim it for France; has a bridge named after himself o Jacques Cartier sailed up the Saint Lawrence River and founded Montreal (but was considered a failure by the French) o Samual de Champlain founded Quebec City and is known as the father of New France o de la Salle sailed down the Mississippi, founded Memphis and claimed Louisiana (named after Louis XIV) for France 3. English Reasons for exploration o Mercantilism – more land and raw resources for land-starved English, along with the creation of new markets for goods Lost colony of Roanoke (story) o (2nd voyage to Roanoke 1st hitched a ride back with Sir Francis Drake) Sailed to Roanoke and ran out of supplies. John White then sailed back to England for supplies, but was delayed 3 years because of English-Spanish War. When he finally sailed back Roanoke had disappeared with only the word “CROATOAN” left behind. John white/Virginia Dare o John White was governor of Roanoke and artist of Native Americans. Virginia Dare was his daughter...
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...| Help with Some Confusing Subjects | 39 – 43 | Chinese Dynasties | 39 | Political, Economic, and Social Systems | 40 | Religions | 41 | Primary Sources | 42 | “Must Know” Years | 43 | * Many of the guidelines in this study packet are adapted from the AP World History Course Description, developed by College Board. The AP Exam Purchasing and taking the AP World History exam are requirements of the course. This year, the AP World History exam will be administered on: ___________________________________________ Format I. Multiple Choice a. You will have 55 minutes to answer 70 Questions. b. Each question has options A, B, C, and D. c. Questions are divided evenly between the five course themes (20% each) and six periods. d. Each questions addresses one of the four historical thinking skills. e. You should answer ALL 70 questions, even if you have to guess. There are no points off...
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...| Help with Some Confusing Subjects | 39 – 43 | Chinese Dynasties | 39 | Political, Economic, and Social Systems | 40 | Religions | 41 | Primary Sources | 42 | “Must Know” Years | 43 | * Many of the guidelines in this study packet are adapted from the AP World History Course Description, developed by College Board. The AP Exam Purchasing and taking the AP World History exam are requirements of the course. This year, the AP World History exam will be administered on: ___________________________________________ Format I. Multiple Choice a. You will have 55 minutes to answer 70 Questions. b. Each question has options A, B, C, and D. c. Questions are divided evenly between the five course themes (20% each) and six periods. d. Each questions addresses one of the four historical thinking skills. e. You should answer ALL 70 questions, even if you have to guess. There are no points off...
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...South Carolina Social Studies Academic Standards Mick Zais, Ph.D. State Superintendent of Education South Carolina Department of Education Columbia, South Carolina State Board Approved Document – August 18, 2011 Contents Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1 Social Studies Standards Page Format .............................................................................................5 Grade-Level Standards for Social Studies Grades K–3 Kindergarten. Foundations of Social Studies: Children as Citizens ...............................................7 Grade 1. Foundations of Social Studies: Families........................................................................12 Grade 2. Foundations of Social Studies: Communities ................................................................17 Grade 3. South Carolina Studies ..................................................................................................22 Grades 4–5 Grade 4. United States Studies to 1865 ........................................................................................29 Grade 5. United States Studies: 1865 to the Present ....................................................................36 Grades 6–8 Grade 6. Early Cultures to 1600...
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...HISTORY 1500 WINTER 2014 RESEARCH ESSAY TOPICS 1. Select a crusade and discuss the extent to which it accomplished its objectives. Why did it succeed or fail? Jonathan Riley-Smith, The Crusades: A Short History; Carole Hillenbrand, The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives; Christopher Tyerman, God’s War: A New History of the Crusades 2. How did anti-Semitism manifest itself in medieval Europe? Kenneth R. Stow, Alienated Minority: The Jews of Medieval Latin Europe; Mark R. Cohen, Under Crescent and Cross: The Jews in the Middle Ages; Solomon Grayzel, The Church and the Jews in the Thirteenth Century 3. What was the position of prostitutes in medieval society? Ruth Mazo Karras, Common Women; Leah Otis, Prostitution in Medieval Society; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 4. Why did the French choose to follow Joan of Arc during the the Hundred Years War? Kelly DeVries, Joan of Arc: A Military Leader; Bonnie Wheeler, ed., Fresh Verdicts on Joan of Arc; Margaret Wade Labarge, A Small Sound of the Trumpet: Women in Medieval Life 5. Discuss the significance of siege warfare during the crusades. You may narrow this question down to a single crusade if you wish. Jim Bradbury, The Medieval Siege; Randall Rogers, Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century; John France, Victory in the East: A Military History of the First Crusade 6. Why did the persecution...
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...Colombia and the largest gas and oil company is South America: TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. COLOMBIA ………………………………………………………….………………………3 HISTORY……………………………………………………..…………………………..3 POLITICS…………………………………………………..……………………………..3 FOREIGN RELATIONS…………………………………………………….……………5 FOREIGN RELATIONS WITH THE U.S………………………………………..………6 FOREIGN POLICY DECISION MAKING………………………………………………7 DEMOGRAPHICS……………………………………………………………..…………8 RELIGION…………………………………………………….…………………………..9 HEALTH………………………………………..………………………………………..10 INFRASTRUCTURE……………………………………………………………………10 ECONOMY……………………………………….………………………….……… …11 2. ECOPETROL S.A. COMPANY OVERVIEW…………………………….…………… …12 BACKGROUND………………………………………………………………… ……..12 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE……………………………………..…… ………12 MERGERS AND AQUITITIONS………………………………………………………14 COMPETITORS……………………………………………………….……… ………..14 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS…………………………………………………….. ………..15 RIVALRY COMPARISON…………………………………………………… ……….16 FUTURE GOALS…………………………………………………………..… ………..17 3. CAPITAL MARKET OVERVIEW…………………………………………………………18 INFLATION …………………………………………..………………….……………..18 CURRENT RISK……………………………………………………….………………..18 FINANCIAL CRISIS……………………………………………………..……………..19 INVESTMENT RECOMMENDATION………………………………..………………19 4. CONCLUSION…………………………………………………….…….…………………..20 5. BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………..………………………………..21 COLOMBIA HISTORY During the pre-Colombian period, the area now known as Colombia was inhabited by indigenous...
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... is a federal republic[10][11] consisting of 50 states, 16 territories, a federal district, and various overseas extraterritorial jurisdictions. The 48 contiguous states and the federal district of Washington, D.C. are in central North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is the northwestern part of North America and the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also has five populated and nine unpopulated territories in the Pacific and the Caribbean. At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) in total and with around 316 million people, the United States is the fourth-largest country by total area and third largest by population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries.[12] The geography and climate of the United States is also extremely diverse, and it is home to a wide variety of wildlife. Paleo-indians migrated from Asia to what is now the US mainland around 15,000 years ago,[13] with European colonization beginning in the 16th century. The United States emerged from 13 British colonies located along the Atlantic seaboard. Disputes between Great Britain and these colonies led to the American Revolution. On July 4, 1776, delegates from the 13 colonies unanimously issued the Declaration of Independence. The ensuing war ended in 1783 with the recognition of independence of the United States from the Kingdom of Great Britain, and was the...
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...Journal of Economic Literature Vol. XLV (March 2007), pp. 83–126 A Flat World, a Level Playing Field, a Small World After All, or None of the Above? A Review of Thomas L. Friedman’s The World is Flat EDWARD E. LEAMER∗ Geography, flat or not, creates special relationships between buyers and sellers who reside in the same neighborhoods, but Friedman turns this metaphor inside-out by using The World is Flat to warn us of the perils of a relationship-free world in which every economic transaction is contested globally. In his “flat” world, your wages are set in Shanghai. In fact, most of the footloose relationship-free jobs in apparel and footwear and consumer electronics departed the United States several decades ago, and few U.S. workers today feel the force of Chinese and Indian competition, notwithstanding the alarming anecdotes about the outsourcing of intellectual services. Of course, standardization, mechanization, and computerization all work to increase the number of footloose tasks, but innovation and education work in the opposite direction, creating relationship-based activities—like the writing of this review. It may only be personal conceit, but I imagine there is a reason why the Journal of Economic Literature asked me to do this review. 1. Prologue hen the Journal of Economic Literature asked me to write a review of The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century (Farrar, Straus, and Giroux 2005) by Thomas Friedman, I responded with enthusiasm,...
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...analyzes the cultural perspectives of doing business in Argentina. Additionally, the paper explores several scholar articles that are associated with the major elements and dimensions of the culture in the Latin American region, how these elements and dimensions integrated by locals conducting business in the nation, how the elements and dimensions compare with the United States culture and business. The paper outlines the communication in Argentina; verbal, non-verbal, communication style; the religion of Argentina, the business ethics of Argentina, the business values and attitudes in Argentina, the business environment in Argentina, social structure, customs, and the educational system of Argentina. The paper will allow the reader the opportunity to gain a wealth of knowledge on Argentina from various aspects. Additionally, the Global Business Cultural Analysis of Argentina provides knowledge on the implications for the United States businesses that are considering relocating to the country of Argentina and or the Latin American region. Global Business Cultural Analysis: Argentina Country Overview Argentina is a country geographically located in the continent of South America. Argentina is a vast country, encompassing most of the continent’s southern region between the Andes Mountains and the Atlantic Ocean. Argentina is the second largest country, after Brazil. Historically, before the arrival of the Europeans at the beginning of the sixteenth century the area that is...
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