...Shame, Guilt, and low Self esteem: LGBT Despite many countries in the world giving rights to the LGBT community, there is a tendency among the people in general to alienate them. The LGBT community transgender face huge problems from the society and the societal norms. There are many issues that their families also have to face because of their choices in life. Alongside, the people who fall under any of the LGBT category have shame, guilt and self esteem issues that are detrimental to psychological development of any individual. Parental issues According to Savin-Williams and Dube (1998), Research has brought forth many facts about the parental reaction to the same sex tendencies of their child. Parents usually behave in less than the ideal fashion one will expect from them. Their reaction goes through a series before they finally reach the child. Anger is one of the first things that the parents exhibit when they come to know of the sexual tendencies of their child. They exhibit anger and their anger is targeted more at the outside perpetrator who had spoiled their child rather than on the decision that his or her own child had taken. This helps the parents to reduce their sense of guilt and shame and blame this occurrence on some outside force. When this does not make much effect, the parents resort to bargaining. This is usually the second stage of the process. They bargain with their child not to tell anyone about his or her sexual tendency for fear of...
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...Annotated Bibliography Alex Hyer Ashbourne, Jessica. "Evidence for a Big Brother Effect in Survey-Based Fear of Crime Research." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 3 (2014): 146-57. ProQuest. Web. 9 Feb. 2016. This article examines the topic of the relationship between siblings and how it affects their fear of crime. It found that older brothers have a tendency to be more protective over their younger brothers- also known as the Big Brother effect (148). Although most of this study focused on the effect of females having an older brother, it often explores how older brothers are effected by younger siblings. This is useful for my paper since the narrator often discusses fear. He often states how everyone is scared for Sonny. This article will help me explore how the narrator’s point of view upon Sonny is influenced by the Big Brother effect. Hoagwood, Kimberly E., et al. "Family...
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...took place between two houses, the author uses the motif of the trashcan, the distinct shift in residences’ behavior and smell imagery to explore its effect. Through detailing the increased anxiety between the pair of houses that differ socially and economically and residents’ deteriorating spirits, the author emphasizes the consequences an event can have on those involved. The motif of the trashcan is symbolically used in “The House Behind” to express the growing unease between the house in front and the house behind after the murder. The narrator, a resident of the house behind, states: “Tenants in the front house are high civil servants, while the house behind is filled with shopkeepers, salesmen, retired post-office employees…” (1). The narrator then continues: “the trashcans were always a source of embarrassment” (1). Upon the murder, “the atmosphere has sharpened: the tenants from the house in front are afraid to empty their trash” (1). Clearly, the house in front and the house behind had always— even prior to the murder— been distinguished by their contrasting social and economic states. Though residents in the back house “can’t really blame the people in the front house for their wealth”, the well-established disparities triggered the “ill will that has always existed between the two houses” (1). Thus situated in the courtyard— “a sort of no-man’s-land” (3)— the trashcan that is shared between the two houses is symbolic of a shameful association between the two. After...
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...How Shame Impacts Women and Their Self-Concept. Lindsey M. Watts Norfolk State University Introduction Women have historically had to fight for their rights. When we consider issues like voting, being able to own and inherit property, and work in a variety of jobs, women have struggled to have equal rights. Our society has grown significantly in the acceptance of women in most roles previously considered to be masculine. While equal pay is still an issue it is still better than it used to be. As women have moved into the arena of working outside of the home new issues have emerged. Historically, women have provided the majority of the nurturing and guidance that their families and children needed to thrive. Their self-concept was wrapped up in their success as a mother and a wife. In today’s society women face many new challenges. How to balance working outside of the home with their responsibilities as a mother and a wife has become the focus. This has created new social and community expectations for women. For many women, these new expectations create a tremendous amount of stress and trigger feelings of shame when they are not successful at juggling all the responsibilities. Etiology of Shame We all experience shame. It is a universal emotion. Brown (2007) recognized after interviewing many women, that the first step to understanding shame was to define it in terms we can all understand. “Shame is the intensely painful feeling or experience of believing...
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...expense of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge. It was not intended for any harm, just a funny wake up call to the sleepy Australian public via a popular radio show. Yet it resulted in the unprecedented popularity (for the wrong reasons) of Mel Greig and Michael Christian and the death and destruction of the livelihood of the Saldhana family. The question to be asked here is not why the two Australian DJ’s decided to pull a prank on the royal bloodline of the United Kingdom, but why a prank call would prompt the suicide of a woman who merely acted as the “receptionist” in the event. It is a question in which we must look away from the noose of the rope as the culprit and delve into the sociological reason behind her death, pure and uncomplicated shame. Primarily, we must define what society actually is. According to German sociologist George Simmel, it is the element of companionship, which defines the true essence of society. The sociological definition of society is “the people who interact in such a way as to share a common culture” (CliffsNotes.com. Culture and Society Defined. 1 Jan 2013 .) Thus the culture of a society “consists of the beliefs, behaviours, objects and other characteristics common to the members of a particular group or society.” (CliffsNotes.com. Culture and Society Defined. 1 Jan 2013 .) It is under culture that aspects such as values, norms, tools and institutions come under. It is what defines the individuality of a group or society from others and allows...
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...topic of concern for many people in any age group and gender group. The vast differences in women and men along with inferior and superior standards create distance for equality. The idea of “love” plays an enormous role in rape cultures as well due to the fact that majority of rape is between a man and a woman. There is no excuse for rape as rape is a broader subject due to immense context in a situation. Although the statistics for rape in the United States are high, there are opposite reasons to why. First off, more people are open to reporting rapes due to full support in communities and anti-rape organizations. People in the United States are less likely to shame a rape victim compared to socially strict countries like India and Turkey where the barriers of male and female are very distant. In these countries, men are much more superior to women, therefore rape is much more active than it is in the United States. Women are noticed to be “trophies” or married just for reproduction. Men are more likely to sleep with various women, as women are to only sleep with their husbands. This inequality...
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...UNICEF’s (2014) definition, sexual violence against children comprises any sexual activities imposed by an adult on a child against which the child is entitled to protection by criminal law. This includes: (a) The inducement or coercion of a child to engage in any unlawful or psychologically harmful sexual activity; (b) The use of children in commercial sexual exploitation; (c) The use of children in audio or visual images of child sexual abuse; and (d) Child prostitution, sexual slavery, sexual exploitation in travel and tourism, trafficking for purposes of sexual exploitation (within and between countries), sale of children for sexual purposes and forced marriage. Sexual activities are also considered as abuse when committed against a child by another child if the offender is significantly older than the victim or uses power, threat or other means of pressure. Consensual sexual activities between children are not considered as sexual abuse if the children are older than the age limit defined by the State Party. In spite of a clear definition for child sexual abuse violence in the lives of children is so real and as an international community we do very little to protect them. There is also a dearth of data to prove the prevalence of violence due to the hidden nature of the abuse and gives a false notion that it is a rare occurrence. Children are vulnerable to sexual victimization because of their age and their ability to perception of abuse. The risks children can be exposed varies...
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...The key factors in a right marriage and to building a great family is adaptation, negotiation, and compromise. Unfortunately, arranged marriages are perceived by the media as an uncivilized tradition. Arranged marriages are not forced marriages. Outline i. Introduction A. As the church bell rang I looked through the big arched window and saw all the birds scared flying high. B. In the east, I hear women say “marriage is faith”. C. Arranged marriages lead to the reinforcement of family values, reduce the rate of divorce, and strengthen the bonding between the couple. ii. Lead to the reinforcement of family values A. Couples are dependent on their family 1. Parents arrange marriage 2. Society values marriage B. Family members have responsibilities 1. When fights take place 2. Parents could get the blame iii. Reduces divorce rate A. Similarities between spouses 1. Similar views on family and marriage 2. Couples will focus on each other B. Places more emphasis on the practical 1. Primary emphasis is not on love, sex, and physical beauty 2. Lets couples focus on building a great family...
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...Number 1, 1993 pp. 90-106, which publication holds the copyright. The article addresses contemporary theory in its more post-structural mode, and were I to rewrite it today I would put more emphasis on the cultural studies model, on the growth of gender studies, and on New Historicism, than I do here. I believe however that what I have to say here is still relevant and describes the fundamental paradigm shift which has altered the direction and mandate of literary study. July 2001 Studies in literature in universities in the last two decades have been marked by the growing interest in and bitter division over a set of related theoretical approaches known collectively as Literary Theory. Many Departments have become divided between "theory people" and opponents who see themselves as defending the traditional values central to the culture against Theory’s perceived anti-humanism. Literary Theory is part of a wide-spread movement in the culture which has affected a number of disciplines, occasioning similar disputes in some, a movement which has explored and elucidated the complexities of meaning, textuality and interpretation. Literary Theory is not a single enterprise but a set of related concepts and practices — most importantly deconstruction, post-Althusserian ideological or 'political' criticism, post-Lacanian psychoanalytic criticism, New Historicist or 'cultural' criticism, some reader-response criticism and much feminist criticism. The aim of this essay is to...
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...com *1 The study investigated the academic locus of control of high and low achieving undergraduate students. It also explored the gender differences in terms of academic locus of control and the relationship between academic locus of control and academic achievement . Sample of the study consisted of 187 (126 high and 61 low) achieving BSc final year students. Independent group research design and purposive sampling technique was used in this study. Academic locus of control scale developed by Trice (1985) was administered. The scale classifies the students having scores from 0-14 as internals and with the score above than 14 as externals. Two –Factor ANOVA, correlation and simple linear regression was used to analyze the data. Results indicated a significant main effect of achiever and gender and no interaction between gender and achiever was found. High achieving students scored low on academic locus of control which indicates their strong internal academic orientation than low achieving students. Interestingly study indicated that high as well as low achieving students both hold an internal academic belief system towards the academic situations. Women are significantly high on an internal academic locus of control indicating less internal academic orientation than men. Results also indicated a significant inverse relationship between academic locus of control and GPA and simple linear regression indicated that academic locus of control is a predictor of GPA. The study has...
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...the ethics they practice can be questionable. Ethics point to standards or codes- moreover behavior that is expected of you. Morals consist of conduct that differs in intention and actions, while ethics addresses such questions as is this right or wrong, am I good or bad? What is the difference between moral and ethical issues? Moral issues are those that involve a specific kind of experience, i.e., a special kind of feeling. These feelings differ intuitively from other kinds of feelings such as religious or aesthetic feelings. (Some people think they arise from a conscience.) On this hypothesis, such feelings are a kind of satisfaction, shame, or guilt Sociopaths or psychopaths for example have no such feelings. | | | | "Antisocial personality: A personality disorder characterized by a basic lack of socialization and by behavior patterns that bring the individual repeatedly into conflict with society. People with this disorder are incapable of significant loyalty to individuals, groups, or social values and are grossly selfish, callous, irresponsible, impulsive, and unable to feel guilt or to learn from experience. Frustration tolerance is low. Such individuals tend to blame others or to offer plausible rationalizations for their behavior." (American Psychiatric Association, A Psychiatric Glossary, 4th ed.) | Ethical issues involve the sphere of interpersonal, group, and community politics at the level of values–not just what can be achieved or how to achieve...
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...DSM 5 Category includes: Reactive Attachment Disorder Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Acute Stress Disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In PTSD, a traumatic event is thought to cause a pathological memory that is at the center of the characteristic clinical symptoms associated with the disorder. Clinical Description 1. Intrusion: Recurrent reexperiencing of the event through nightmares, intrusive images, and physiological reactivity 2. Avoidance of thoughts, feelings or reminders of the trauma 3. Negative Cognitions and Mood: Feelings of detachment, as well as negative emotional states such as shame or anger, or distorted blame of oneself or others 4. Arousal and Reactivity: Hypervigilance, excessive response when startled, aggression, and reckless behavior What is the difference between Adjustment Disorder and PTSD? In adjustment disorder, the stressor is something that is commonly experienced, and the nature of the psychological reaction is much less severe. In PTSD, there is exposure to a traumatic stressor that is accompanied by fear, helplessness, and horror, and the psychological distress is both severe and debilitating (Butcher et. al 2014) Diagnostic Criteria of PTSD (DSM 5) Note: The following criteria apply to adults, adolescents, and children older than 6 years. For children 6 years and younger, see corresponding...
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...It was created by Hephaestus. The shield is very heavy and deniable. It was very protective. On the shield it has different fortunes of the two countries. The two countries are opposite of the each other. I think it is made known to us to explain the difference between the countries. One side of the city has peace and a great deal of happiness. The other side of the city shows war. It shows that many men are being killed and families are devastated. Revenge also took place in this part of the Iliad. Hector becomes terrified when confronted by Achilles. The fight between Hector and Achilles was very brutal. Hector tried to get away from him, but he couldn't. Achilles finally gets revenge on Hector for the death of his best friend Patroclus. Achilles kills Hector in front everybody, causing shame to Hectors death. Achilles makes it known to Hector that this is the price you pay for killing my dear...
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... It also invokes fear and shame in little girls everywhere when they began to contemplate: “what exactly does this question mean?”, “how do I find out what it looks like?”, “who are the judges and by what gauge or yard stick are they measuring this goodness?” The implications of this question can be confusing and unclear. However, what was not confusing and unclear was the insinuation that these “good girls” were the definition of a lady, a lady who sits with her legs closed, uses good manners, dresses modestly, and waits for love and marriage before engaging in sex. Good girls were appealing to boys/men, and would be the girls that were wanted and desired. In "You Men," the poet Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz exposes the sexual double standard that exists between men and women through the use of voice, allusion, gender roles, and the feminist theory. She accurately identifies the inequality that discriminates against women and subjects them to sexual harassment and victimization. 2 In "You Men," Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz uses voice to mock and blame men for perpetuating a sexual double standard. She uses words like “child”, “silly”, and “witless” to communicate that men are immature. She then defines them as egotistical when she writes they are “presumptuous beyond belief”, righteous and arrogant. Her unsavory description continues as she reveals to the reader that she sees right through their attempts to manipulate women and assign them blame when she describes their “urgent...
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...concerns. Well, why is that boys are not as good as girls? And is there anything that can be done? Boys are no less intelligent then girls in any way, just disadvantaged. The way they learn compared to girls and how are school system is structured leaves boys coughing up girls dust. There is an issue at hand and it must be addressed: Boys are second class citizens in today’s education system and it is not their fault! At the end of the day, its safe to say that generally speaking, girls are much better learners then boys in the classroom. The differences between what boys need and what girls need are often vast, by no means is any way wrong; however, the classroom only caters to one. Its not something we can be upset with or confused by, its just nature that boys and girls are different and one is benefiting from it. Kids generally look different and sound different, so obviously they think different. The difference in brains between males and females is substantial. According to Jantz (2014), “Male brains utilize nearly seven times more gray matter for activity while female brains utilize nearly ten times more white matter” (p3). Gray matter brains are localized and process action and information in a specific location in the brain,...
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