...Group A: Great opening match between Mexico and SA which ended 1-1. Uruguay and France tied 1-1 the same day. France was defeated by South Africa and Mexico later in that world cup while Uruguay defeated Mexico and SA thus advancing Mexico and Uruguay as 1st to the 2nd round. Group B: Argentina started strong by defeating Nigeria 1-0 in the first match while Korea beat Greece 2-0. With ease Argentina later beat Greece and South Korea to advance with a perfect 3-0-0 While Korea tied Nigeria to advance as 2nd. Group C: USA vs England was the highlight of this group but was a borefest but who could forget the Robert Green mistake that made the match 1-1?. USA dramatically beat Algeria and tied Slovenia to finish 1st in group. England tied Algeria and beat Slovenia and finished 2nd due to goal difference. Group D: Germany opened great by bashing Australia 4-0 with controversial refereeing by Chiki Dracula. Ghana beat Serbia with a penalty. Germany Advanced along Ghana Group E: Boring group with a few exciting matches. Netherlands finished with a 3-0-0. Cameroon surprisingly summed 0 points in this world cup. Japan stunned the group when they finished 2nd after they defeated Cameroon and Denmark Group F: Italy was eliminated from the world cup in the knock off stages by Slovakia in their 3rd match after draws against weak New Zealand and surprising Paraguay. Parguay finished 1st and Slovakia 2nd Group G: This was considered the group of death along with group...
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...Xiamen University Title The Impact of Capital Account on Economic Grow Author : Yagoub Ali Elryah School of Southeast Asian Studies Faculty of International Relations Student number: 25520120254069 January, 2013 Correspondence Yagoub Ali Elryah, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Tel: 15860796370, E-mail: yagoubelryah@hotmail.com 1- Background: In the era of economic integration, most of the developing and developed countries not only open their borders for trade of goods and services, ideas, technology, information, etc. but also open capital accounts that have virtually made the world a global village1. During the 1980s and 1990s, a large amount of capital moved internationally from private investors in the whole world. It took place primarily through sale of bonds and equities and international investment by multinational corporations. Thus, globalization of finance and efficient allocation of capital stimulated growth in developing countries significantly. It is the nature of capital to move from places where it is plentiful to where it is scarce, provided there is no barrier to cross the border. Return on new investment is higher where capital is scarce. This is an incentive for people to save more (leading to enhanced capital formation) in developing countries as these countries are in general capital poor. For the same reason, foreign individuals and companies seek to invest their surplus capital in developing countries. Thus, this channel in turn, can help...
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...Indian economy has been witness by consumers many times. We have seen how human spending and travel got affected as the price of oil fluctuates. In contrast almost all energies are generated using oil, to mention few; Cars, Trucks, Indian railways, Plane, use oil in order to run their engine. Therefore if oil supply disturbed for one day we can imagine how the Indian economy can be affected greatly. OPEC - Introduction About OPEC (pronounced oh-peck)- Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries - Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, established in Bagdad, Iraq in 1960. OPEC as a cartel, manipulate supply of oil in the market, in hopes of keeping prices, and profits, high. It is comprised of 12 members –Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Socialist People’s Liberian Arab Jamahiriya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, -United Arab Emirates and Venezuela with headquarters in Vienna, Austria. according to the official website. Oil is the main marketable commodity and foreign exchange earner. Thus, for these countries, oil is the vital key to development – economic, social and political. Their oil revenues are used not only to expand their economic and industrial...
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...Development (UNCTAD), the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and national and private sources. Estimates for the most recent years were made by DPAD in consultation with the regional commissions, UNCTAD, UNWTO and participants in Project LINK, an international collaborative research group for econometric modelling coordinated jointly by DPAD and the University of Toronto. Forecasts for 2014 and 2015 are primarily based on the World Economic Forecasting Model of DPAD, with support from Project LINK. Data presented in WESP may differ from those published by other organizations for a series of reasons, including differences in timing, sample composition and aggregation methods. Historical data may differ from those in previous editions of WESP because of updating and changes in the availability of data for individual countries. Country classifications For analytical purposes, WESP classifies all countries of the world into one of three broad categories: developed economies, economies in transition and developing economies. The composition of these groupings, specified in tables A, B and C,...
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...Adrien CHANTOISEAU International Student Student ID : 110134727 MG – 4012 International Marketing Lecturer : Dr J. BUCKLEY Continuous Assessment Assignment Research the evolution of international marketing in the industry sector of your choice, considering issues of cultural difference, political and legal matters, and where relevant ethical concerns. Submitted on December 10, 2010 The internationalization of Renault : a strategy of development in emerging countries Nowadays, Renault is the car manufacturer of reference in France, ahead of Peugeot and Citroën of the PSA group. The Renault-Nissan alliance, established in 1999 and based on two independent companies with their own culture and their own brand identity, is the fourth largest automotive group in the world. After experiencing some difficulties in the 80's, Renault has developed an aggressive strategy of international development that makes it today one of the key players in the global automotive market. By focusing on cultural, political, legal and ethical issues, we will first explain the different stages and difficulties in the internationalization of the group. Then, we will study its different implementation strategies in the several new markets and finally, we will discuss the consequences of the internationalization of Renault. The story of Renault started on the 24th of December in 1898. The society Renault Frères grew rapidly and in 1903, Fernand Renault started to develop the commercial network...
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...ABC The Pacific Alliance 1 The Pacific Alliance – Deep integration for prosperity The Pacific Alliance is a mechanism for regional integration formed by Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, in April 2011. It acquired legal and formal existence on 6 June 2012, with the signature of the Framework Agreement. The process seeks to create attractive markets among its member countries and enhance their competitiveness in the wider world. 2 Member Countries T h e Pa c i f i c A l l i a n c e Mexico Colombia Peru Chile 3 Finland United Kingdom Netherlands Germany France Switzerland Italy Canada Turkey People's Republic of China Japan Republic of Korea United States of America Honduras Guatemala El Salvador Dominican Republic Costa Rica Panama Spain Portugal Morocco Israel India Singapore Ecuador Australia Paraguay Uruguay New Zealand Member-Candidate countries The Pacific Alliance Observer Countries T h e Pa c i f i c A l l i a n c e Costa Rica Panama 4 Objectives of the Pacific Alliance: To build, through participation and consensus, an area of deep integration that will move progressively forward towards the free circulation of goods, services, capital and persons. To dynamize growth, development and competitiveness in the economies of the Parties, in order to achieve greater welfare, overcome socioeconomic disparities and secure social inclusion in their societies. To become a platform for political articulation, economic and commercial integration, and projection...
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...Overview of the Implementation Status of the Five United Nations Treaties on Outer Space in African Countries J-A. van Wyk Department of Political Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), P O Box 392, Pretoria, 0003, South Africa e-mail: vwykjak@unisa.ac.za Abstract. This paper presents an overview of the five major UN Treaties on Outer Space. Each of these Treaties are briefly discussed and assessed with particular emphasis on aspects relevant to Africa. Very few African countries have ratified these Treaties, as well as enacted domestic space legislation. The paper concludes with an assessment of Africa’s involvement in multilateral space fora such as OOSA and UNCOPUOS. It also offers recommendations to improve African countries’ ratification and compliance with these Treaties. Sommaire. Cet article est une introduction aux cinq traités majeurs de l’ONU, en matière d’espace extra-atmosphérique. Chacun des traités est brièvement discuté et évalué en insistant sur les aspects importants pour l’Afrique. Tres peu d’Etats africains ont ratifié ces traités, ainsi que mis sur pied une législation en matière d’espace. L’article se termine par une évaluation de l’engagement de l’Afrique dans des forums multilatéraux voués à l’espace tels que l’ OOSA et l’ UNCOPUOS. Des recommendations sont également suggérées pour l’amélioration de la ratification et le respect par les Etats africains de ces traités. International Space Law: Context and Text fact that no state can claim...
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...States has proven otherwise. Peter Kiernan’s (2008) article “America is Not as Dependent on Persian Gulf Oil as Some Might Think” illustrates what his proposed title claims by providing substantial data. As the international trade theory between countries in part focus on the process of oil trading throughout the world for the simple fact that industries trading from automobile to agriculture rely on oil in order to function. Hence, there have been debates upon the trade relationship between the United States and the Middle East especially post 9/11 terror attacks. The global market for oil as we can see has been a sensitive topic, as it has directly affected societies reliant upon their automobiles. Gas prices have continued to escalate therefore theories continue to derive from the individual level which eventually reaches in the international governing levels. However the data in which Kiernan’s (2008) article provides illustrates how in reality that the United States does not attain all of its oil from the Middle East but mainly only one country from the Middle East – Saudi Arabia. Hence, “[i]n March 2008, the US imported 1.795 million barrels per day (b/d) from Canada, 1.535 million b/d from Saudi Arabia, 1.214 million b/d from Mexico, 1.154 million b/d from Nigeria, and 858,000 b/d from Venezuela. These top five suppliers accounted for 68...
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...Economic Commission for Africa The Millennium Development Goals in Africa: Progress and Challenges Economic Commission for Africa The Millennium Development Goals in Africa: Progress and Challenges August 2005 © 2005. Economic Commission for Africa Material from this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted. Acknowledgment is requested, together with a copy of the publication. The views expressed are those of the original authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations. Project coordinator: Adrian Gauci Editorial coordination: Cristina Müller Team: Abebe Shimeles, Workie Mitiku, Vanessa Steinmayer, Reto Thoenen This report was produced with guidance and input from Augustin Fosu, Director of the Economic and Social Policy Division of the ECA. It benefited greatly from the revisions of Bartholomew Armah and Kwabia Boateng. Special thanks to Lorna Davidson for the final editing, to Akwe Amosu for her valuable input, and to Seifu Dagnachew and Teshome Yohannes for creative and efficient lay-out and production. The report was designed by the ECA Communication Team and printed by the Documents Reproduction and Distribution Unit, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Photo credits (left to right): Front cover- R. Zurba/USAID, J. Dunlop/USAID, R. Zurba/USAID, M. Crozet/ILO. Back cover- J. Maillard/ILO, T. Brunette/USAID, I. Getachew/UNICEF. Table of Contents Acronyms .....................................................................
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...with the same beliefs. Religion is the biggest factor that will cause division and it is already proven between Christianity and Islam. From the ancient times until this very day religion and our beliefs is the cause of war, because we fight for what we believe. Rise of civilization against the other started in the ancient times. And until today, the conflict continues. It will never be solved because we have differences and those differences are what make us unique as a person and as a nation. You may hate someone because of the type of civilization, and you may also like someone because of it. Civilization is the identity of a nation. The Next Pattern of Conflict The source of conflict is not merely ideological or economical, cultural tradition is the greatest reason for division in our world. The western countries had conflicts between princes, their armies, even constitutional is because of their economic stand and the land that they ruled. During the ancient times, the Americans fought for their land because of the British Empire that wants to colonize their land. The Founding Fathers stood against them and later on made a move to make a constitution for their protection. The western civil war is not because of their religion but because of the borders that they can conquer, they want to own more territories for power. The conflict was set because of the difference in our culture, style, and way of living....
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...GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurial Employees Across the Globe Niels Bosma, Sander Wennekers and José Ernesto Amorós 2011 Extended Report: GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR 2011 EXTENDED REPORT: Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurial Employees Across the Globe Niels Bosma, Utrecht University & Global Entrepreneurship Research Association Sander Wennekers, EIM Business & Policy Research José Ernesto Amorós, Universidad del Desarrollo Founding and Sponsoring Institutions: Babson College, Babson Park, MA, United States Lead Sponsoring Institution and Founding Institution Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile Sponsoring Institution UniversitiTun Abdul Razak, Malaysia Sponsoring Institution London Business School, London, United Kingdom Founding Institution Although GEM data were used in the preparation of this report, their interpretation and use are the sole responsibility of the authors. The authors would like to thank Erkko Autio, Alicia Coduras, ...
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...University. This article is the product of the Olin Institute's project on "The Changing Security Environment and American National Interests”. THE NEXT PATTERN OF CONFLICT WORLD POLITICS IS entering a new phase, and intellectuals have not hesitated to proliferate visions of what it will be -- the end of history, the return of traditional rivalries between nation states, and the decline of the nation state from the conflicting pulls of tribalism and globalism, among others. Each of these visions catches aspects of the emerging reality. Yet they all miss a crucial, indeed a central, aspect of what global politics is likely to be in the coming years. It is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic. The great divisions among humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural. Nation states will remain the most powerful actors in world affairs, but the principal conflicts of global politics will occur between nations and groups of different civilizations. The clash of civilizations will be the battle lines of the future. Conflict between civilizations will be the latest phase of the evolution of conflict in the modern world. For a century and a half after the emergence of the modern international system of the Peace of Westphalia, the conflicts of the Western world were largely among princes -- emperors, absolute monarchs and constitutional monarchs attempting to expand their bureaucracies...
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...Practical Exercise on TRADE MAP PART I: GETTING TO KNOW TRADE MAP IDENTIFYING THE HS OF THE PRODUCT Identify the harmonized system code of the product you want to focus on. Name of the product: Potatoes Provide the harmonised system (HS) code for both the product group and product in question Note: To avoid ambiguities throughout your analysis, it is important to ensure that the description and corresponding trade classification, or tariff code is correct. 4-digit HS: 0702 6-digit HS: 070200 Note: In the selection menu of Trade Map, click on Advanced Search. You can search by keyword the corresponding HS code of the product using one or several keywords through the HS label at 2,4,6 digits level of the Harmonized system and at the national tariff line level. Provide the national tariff line code of the product (NTL) for Vietnam (indicate if several): NTL code: 07101000 NTL code: 20041000 NTL code: 07019000 Provide the national tariff line code of the product (NTL) for USA (indicate if several): NTL code: 0701100000 NTL code: 0701100020 ...
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...The concept state has been explained or received numerous definitions based on the understanding of some political scholars as well as the definition giving to it by any other academic discipline base on how they understand it. Their definitions seek to distinguish the concept state from nation and how it elaborate on its similarities and differences. According to Max Weber, a state is the organisation that maintains a monopoly of violence over a territory. Also, Dr. Bossman defines the state as a clearly defined area with its own government that exercises authority over its population. Moreover Patrick O’Neil, explains a state as an institution that seek to yield the majority of force within a territory, establishing order and deterring challenges from inside and out. Generally, a state may be defined as a geographically well-defined area with a boundary, territory and a government with power to exercise authority over its members called citizens. On the other hand, the word nation is defined from the Latin word natus which means birth. The word nation can also mean a group that a person is born into and have linkage [ethnos] or ethnicity. According to Thomas Magstadt and Peter Scihotten, the term nation refers to people who share a common value including any or all of following; geographical location, history, racial and ethnic characteristics, religion, language, culture and beliefs and common political ideas. According to Ernest Baker, a nation is a body...
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...capita in parentheses, thousand dollars) GDP Yearly Growth Rate Back to politics | Back to history | More statistics | Country | GNP | Per Capita | USA | $10,533 | $38 | Japan | $4,852 | $38 | Germany | $2,242 | $27 | Britain | $1,544 | $26 | France | $1,543 | $26 | China | $1,329 | $1 | Italy | $1,260 | $22 | Canada | $760 | $24 | Brazil | $715 | $4 | Spain | $651 | $16 | Mexico | $578 | $6 | South Korea | $515 | $11 | India | $510 | $0.5 | Australia | $444 | $24 | Netherlands | $429 | $27 | Taiwan | $363 | $16 | Argentina | $300 | $8 | Switzerland | $286 | $39 | Sweden | $275 | $31 | Belgium | $264 | $26 | Russia | $252 | $2 | Austria | $226 | $27 | Turkey | $212 | $3 | Poland | $188 | $5 | Indonesia | $174 | $0.8 | Thailand | $132 | $2 | | Country | % of Global GDP | % of World Population | USA | 32.9% | 4.65% | Japan | 13.4% | 2.09% | Germany | 6.0% | 1.36% | Britain | 4.6% | 0.99% | France | 4.2% | 0.97% | China | 3.7% | 20.84% | Italy | 3.5% | 0.95% | Canada | 2.3% | 0.51% | Mexico | 2.0% | 1.62% | Spain | 1.9% | 0.65% | Purchasing-power parity (2003) Rank | Country | PPP total | PPP/capita | Population | | | ($ billions) | ($) | (million) | | European Union | 10,840 | 28,600 | 379 | 1. | USA | 10,400 | 37,600 | 290 | 2. | China (mainland) | 5,700 | 4,400 | 1,287 | 3. | Japan | 3,550 | 28,000 | 127 | 4. | India | 2,660 | 2,540 | 1,049...
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