...HW PG 162-165 Unit 4 Digital Fundamentals 2. Write an expression that is a 1 only if all of its variables ( A , B , C , D , and E ) are 1s. A’+B +C’+D+E’= 1 4. Evaluate the following operations: ( a) 0 + 0 + 1 = 1 ( b) 1 + 1 + 1 = 1 ( c) 1 . 0 . 0 = 0 ( d) 1 . 1 . 1 = 1 ( e) 1 . 0 . 1 = 0 ( f) 1 . 1 + 0 . 1 . 1= 1 6. Find the value of X for all possible values of the variables. ( a) X = ( A + B) C + B = B(A+C) ( b) X = ( A’ + B’) C = AC+BC ( c) X = AB’C + AB = (A+B’)(C+B) ( d) X = ( A + B)( A’ + B) =B(A+A’) ( e) X = ( A + BC)( B’ + C’) =BCB’+BCC’+AB’+AC’ 10. A network of cascaded inverters is shown in Figure 3– 86 . If a HIGH is applied to point A, deter-mine the logic levels at points B through F. A=1-HIGH, B=0-LOW, C= 1- HIGH, D=0-LOW, E=1-HIGH, F=0-LOW 14. Determine the output, X , for a 2- input AND gate with the input waveforms shown in Figure 3– 88 . Show the proper relationship of output to inputs with a timing diagram. A-1010101 B-1010101 X-10101010 24. Determine the gate output for the input waveforms in Figure 3– 93 and draw the timing diagram. A-1111101111101111110111111 B-0011111100000001111111000 C-1001001001000100100010010 X- 111011011111111011101111 28. Determine the output waveform in Figure 3– 96 and draw the timing diagram. A-111111000011110000 B-000111100001111000 C-010010001000100010 X-000000010100000101...
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...1 Digitization: Image: Image representation: visual perception: The distinction between Human eye and photo camera 成像 imagation formation: Photo camera: * Lens has fixed local lenth. * Adjust the focal length by varying the distance between the lens and the imaging plane. Human eye: * Distance between the lens and retina is fixed. * Focal length for proper focus obatained by varing the shape of the lense. Question: All the center squares hv exactly the same intensity. However, they appear to the eye to become progressively darker as the background becomes lighter. Why? Other example? Answer: The human visual system tends to undershoot or overshoot around the boundary of regions of different intensities. e.g. Although the intensity of the stripes is constant, we actually perceive a brightness pattern that is strongly scalloped, especially near the boundaries. Therefore, perceived intensity is different from the actually intensity. e.g: a piece of paper that seems to be white when lying on a desk, but can appear totally black when used to shield the eyes while looking directly at a bright sky. 2 Matrix and Pixel: ● Matrix is the result of sampling quantization and , which is a matrix of real numbers. ● Each element of the matrix array is called an image element, picture element, pixel, or pel. Image representation: ● An im...
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...technology takes the printed word for text materials and creates a file with the option of reading it digitally or listening to it with a realistic synthetic voice. Will knows that he has free access to books no longer under copyright protection, and he figures he can pay a royalty fee of $5 per title for copyrighted books that will greatly expand his catalog. So far, he has limited himself to English-language books but is working on a language translation option as well. To date, Will’s technical skills outpace his business acumen. He is struggling with some basic decisions. He has been working on his invention as a garage operation for the last few years and has missed many of his daughter’s soccer games while working at High Tech Digital Industries to keep his family comfortable on his $200,000 annual salary and benefits package. Will may eventually have to decide whether to devote most of his time to his invention. Moreover, he is not sure how to determine all the applications for his technology, who would want it, how it would be delivered to customers, how many books would be bought at what price, and so forth. Even after he has secured the rights to copyrighted material, he needs some help acquiring the books he wants to digitally transform and scanning them into his digitizer. It is not difficult to train others to do this, but the...
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...technology takes the printed word for text materials and creates a file with the option of reading it digitally or listening to it with a realistic synthetic voice. Will knows that he has free access to books no longer under copyright protection, and he figures he can pay a royalty fee of $5 per title for copyrighted books that will greatly expand his catalog. So far, he has limited himself to English-language books but is working on a language translation option as well. To date, Will’s technical skills outpace his business acumen. He is struggling with some basic decisions. He has been working on his invention as a garage operation for the last few years and has missed many of his daughter’s soccer games while working at High Tech Digital Industries to keep his family comfortable on his $200,000 annual salary and benefits package. Will may eventually have to decide whether to devote most of his time to his invention. Moreover, he is not sure how to determine all the applications for his technology, who would want it, how it would be delivered to customers, how many books would be bought at what price, and so forth. Even after he has secured the rights to copyrighted material, he needs some help acquiring the books he wants to digitally transform and scanning them...
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...destination where it is then decoded. Human cells respond to stimuli and generate waveforms that consist of a continuous line of pulses separated by periods of silence. The Cellonics technology uses these pulse signals and apply them to the communications INTRODUCTION Nonlinear Dynamical Systems (NDS) are the mathematical formulations required to simulate the cell responses. It uses portable devices, and provide these devices with faster, better data for longer periods of time. It consumes very little power. PRINCIPLE OF CELLONICS TECHNOLOGY Cellonics - Electronic cells. It has the ability to encode, transmit and decode digital information over a variety of physical channels. Wired and wireless communications are possible. Measured ß-cell Response Leech & Nociceptor The Cellonics technology is a fundamental modulation and demodulation technique. The Cellonics receivers generate pulses from the received analog signal and performs demodulation based on pulse counting and related algorithms. The study of biological cell behavior is only an inspiration to the invention of Cellonics circuits. The Cellonics technology is not...
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...| Analog and Digital Comparison | NTC/362 Fundamentals in Networking | EDWARD BROWN | Jose Giralt | 3/18/2013 | | A signal is simply the transmission of data from one place to another place. In our day to day life we deal with various signals constantly like signals from music, power lines, telephones, and cellular devices. Analog and digital are two kinds of signals which are used for the transmission of information from source to destination. Usually the information to be transmitted from one place to another is either audio or video. This information signal is then transformed into those signals which can be transmitted via different channels. For the analog format, the data is transformed into electrical pulses with varying amplitude while for the digital format; the data is transformed into binary format representing two amplitudes. We have various such equipment like analog or digital phones, fax machines, modems, clocks, watches etc. Analog technology is the older one and has been used for decades. It is cheap too but the problem with analog signals is that there is a limitation on the size of the data that can be transmitted at any given point of time. With the advent of digital technology many improvements and new techniques have been introduced. Now days almost every appliance or equipment is based on digital technology. In this, the transmitter translate the data into binary form and the receiver re assemble and produces the...
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...file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Deskto...0BILL%20-%20BUSINESS%20AT%20THE%20SPEED%20OF%20THOUGHT.TXT BUSINESS AT THE SPEED OF THOUGHT by bill Gates ALSO By BILL GATES The Road Ahead BUSINESS AT THE SPEED OF THOUGHT: USING A DIGITAL NERVOUS SYSTEM BILL GATES WITH COLLINs HEMINGWAY 0 VMNER BOOKS A Time Warner Company To my wife, Melinda, and my daughter, Jennifer Many of the product names referred to herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. Copyright (D 1999 by William H. Gates, III All rights reserved. Warner Books, Inc, 1271 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020 Visit our Web site at www.warnerbooks.com 0 A Time Warner Company Printed in the United States of America First Printing: March 1999 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN: 0-446-52568-5 LC: 99-60040 Text design by Stanley S. Drate lFolio Graphics Co Inc Except as file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/Admini...SINESS%20AT%20THE%20SPEED%20OF%20THOUGHT.TXT (1 of 392)12/28/2005 5:28:51 PM file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Deskto...0BILL%20-%20BUSINESS%20AT%20THE%20SPEED%20OF%20THOUGHT.TXT indicated, artwork is by Gary Carter, Mary Feil-jacobs, Kevin Feldhausen, Michael Moore, and Steve Winard. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I first want to thank my collaborator, Collins Hemingway, for his help in synthesizing and developing the material in this book and for his overall management of this project. I want to thank four CEOs who read a late draft of the manuscript and...
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...Chapter 1: Introduction to Computer Networks and Data Communications TRUE/FALSE 1. Data is information that has been translated into a form that is more conducive to storage, transmission, and calculation. ANS: T 2. ANS: F PTS: 1 Some people call computer terminals thick-client workstations. PTS: 1 3. A type of microcomputer-to-local area network connection that is growing in popularity is the wireless connection. ANS: T PTS: 1 4. To communicate with the Internet using a dial-up modem, a user’s computer must connect to another computer that is already communicating with the Internet. ANS: T PTS: 1 5. It is not possible to connect two local area networks so that they can share peripherals as well as software. ANS: F PTS: 1 6. Metropolitan area networks can transfer data at fast, LAN speeds but over smaller geographic regions than typically associated with a local area network. ANS: F 7. ANS: T 8. networks. ANS: T 9. ANS: F PTS: 1 The Internet is not a single network but a collection of thousands of networks. PTS: 1 One of the most explosive areas of growth in recent years has been cellular phone PTS: 1 By the 1970s, telephone systems carried more computer data than voice. PTS: 1 10. Network architectures are cohesive layers of protocols defining a set of communication services. ANS: T PTS: 1 11. The OSI model tells us what kind of wire or what kind of connector to use to connect the pieces of a network...
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...Edwin Porusingazi Monash I.D -22853766 Date - 04/25/2014 Brief profile of Adobe Systems Adobe Systems, Inc. is a software company, which provides digital marketing and digital media solutions. It offers a line of software and services used by creative professionals, marketers, knowledge workers, application developers, enterprises and consumers for creating, managing, delivering, measuring, optimizing and engaging with compelling content and experiences across multiple operating systems, devices and media. The company operates through three business segments: Digital Media, Digital Marketing and Print & Publishing. The Digital Media segment provides tools and solutions that enable individuals, small businesses and enterprises to create, publish, promote and monetize their digital content anywhere. Its customers include traditional content creators, web application developers and digital media professionals, as well as their management in marketing departments and agencies, companies and publishers. The Digital Marketing segment provides solutions and services for how digital advertising and marketing are created, managed, executed, measured and optimized. Its customers include digital marketers, advertisers, publishers, merchandisers, web analysts, chief marketing officers and chief revenue officers. The Print & Publishing segment addresses diverse publishing needs of technical and business publishing, and OEM printing businesses. Adobe was founded by Charles...
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...Case 3 – Artemis Images 1. Chris started her business because she realized a simple business model that would lead to revenue and success with the proper launch. She realized “digitizing documents using the latest technology, tagging them with easy-to-read labels, and linking them to search engines for easy retrieval and widespread use” will meet customers’ wants/needs while also preserving images and data and earning revenue. The strategy of the model it to provide digitizing services to companies in exchange for rights to market the content on the internet, receive merchandising rights, and also promotion of Artemis Images ULR with each partner. While Artemis Images provides a meaningful service of preserving the company’s valuable media and data, the get to sell the images to customers, and link the images to key words in search engines. The opportunity for Chris to start her own company was because she discovered that the photo archives were obtaining a ton of requests from fans and customers but they were unable to fill those requests to the full potential. Chris knew how to reach the potential. Chris also held the opportunity because she understood the value for an organization to have its inventory, pictures, and information digitalized and saved forever and she understood the cost of scanning and digitalizing this media. Artemis Images will be able to make profit off of the unrealized value of the images that is kept hidden by companies and consumers. Chris was able...
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...Article Summary - Data, data everywhere Data 2013.10.01 | Major Media Communication | Subject Understanding Digital Media | Student no 2010017713 | Professor Soochul Kim | Name Eunkang Kim | Double-side of a vast amount of information in accordance with development of technology is treated in this article. Even now, a lot of digital information beyond imagination is being accumulated all over the world. Not only the amount of information is increasing, but the production rate of one is also getting speedy. This explosion of information has some reasons. The main reason is technology development. It can actualize things which were impossible in the past. The digital technology changes a lot of information into digitization. Also, many people utilize them with the powerful mean digital device. Men communicating by information contributed to increase the amount of information. Humans who escaped from illiteracy and economic hardship have generated many kinds of information, which are utilized in several fields such as politics, economy, law, culture, science, and so on. The production rate of information is faster than the speed of technology development. Though the digital devices handling the information are getting various, storage space is not enough to store the increased information. Sea is not calm, but it has that big waves. Likewise, lots of information comes to our life. It is important to judge what information is...
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...means of engaging. The digital revolution in brand marketing is generally approached as an issue of platforms, but it is much more. Technology doesn’t just give people a new way of doing things; it gives people a new way of thinking. The biggest impact of technology is the change it creates in people’s perceptions. Certainly, technology expands access, speed and productivity, but technology has much more far-reaching effects. The digital revolution is changing how people conceptualize the possibilities available to them in their lives. Absent digital technologies, it would never occur to someone that marketers could be engaged in dialogue, much less dialogue at the point of contact. People used to take it for granted that there was no tête-à-tête with ads. You could watch them, but you couldn’t change them or talk back to them. People no longer believe that. Even if they don’t interact with ads, they recognize that ads no longer enjoy an exclusive position on the dais. But the presumption of dialogue created by digital technologies goes beyond the technologies themselves. Once the door has been opened in one area, people want to see it opened everywhere else as well. People now want the same freedom of engagement in every aspect of their lives. Every point of contact carries the same expectations. People now want it at retail, in customer service, for promotions, with media content, and so forth. People have learned a new capacity from digital technologies and they want...
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...what the pros and cons for both to come to solution of which out does the other. Purely fixed lines have been on around for years transmuting signals via a network of cables, which are either buried or suspended along poles. Fixed lines are in every home and building today so everyone has the ability to have telephone and data service. Although having fixed land lines are very much reliable it still requires data and modem. To receive or transmit data over the fixed line a modem is needed on each end of the line. The modem takes the digital information and turns it into tones that have been specifically selected for the transmission over the telephone network. The modem on the other end is responsible for turning the tones back into the digital data. Modems transmit data over a telephone network that is designed for voice. DSL utilizes the existing analog phone line so no need for new equipment other than modems that can convert the digital data into high-frequency tones along with a filter at the subscribers end to keep the DSL transmission from being heard on the telephone. The conventional modem operated at the frequency range of 300 to 3,000 Hz but a DSL modem will need to operate a higher frequency range which will allow for a much higher data rate. The data rate was capped at 56,000 bps with the conventional modem but with the DSL modem the data rate is based on several physical characteristics. One of the major physical characteristics is the cable length, the farther...
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...------------------------------------------------- I/O Devices NT1110 February 11, 2015 jOhn Smith Iklhlas Abdulsaid February 11, 2015 jOhn Smith Iklhlas Abdulsaid Critical I/O devices for a computer to operate include monitor, mouse, and keyboard. You need these in order for your computer to fully function and operate smoothly. Your I/O devices that are accessories and not needed for your computer to function are the printer, modem, touchscreens, digital scanners, graphics tablets and joysticks/controllers. The reason being that these are accessories for your computer and not needed to make the computer function. You can have these connected to your computer for use in your work or leisure time. The modem is considered an I/O device because it can modulate and demodulate a signal. And it can convert a digital signal to analog signal and vice versa. These devices are also becoming outdated as broadband connections are replacing dial-up. The printer is an I/O device as it receives data and prints it off onto paper. So it essentially is inputting data and outputting the data onto paper. I also think it isn’t necessarily a and essential device anymore due to the fact that companies and education systems are converting the need for assignments and notes to be printed off anymore as we use email and online classes to conduct business and share information. It’s a faster way to deliver data to your boss or teacher or to share information between coworkers and classmates...
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...Media communication is the process in which data is transferred from one computer to another. This involves transmission of digital of information to different devices through wireless or cabled connections. The data transmitted over networks could be either digital or analog. * Analog signals are continuous signals that vary in strength. Sound is an example of an analog signal. Telephones have transmitters that encode sound waves into electromagnetic waves, which then travel over wires toward their destination. The receiving telephone decodes the electromagnetic waves back into sound waves. Our brains then decode the sound waves into the words we hear. Computer modems use the same principle. Analog signals can be represented digitally. For instance, a high electromagnetic voltage could be interpreted as 1 and low voltage as 0. * Digital signals are discrete rather than continuous. Either there is a signal or there isn't a signal. Telegraphs transmit data with discrete signals. You either hear a tap or you do not hear a tap. Discrete signals can be represented by on and off pulses. The duration of a discrete signal can be varied, as with dots and dashes in Morse Code. To explain how this data is transmitted over the network, first I had to explain the mediums. Mediums are ways, which the data use to travel from one place to another. These mediums may vary depending the environment or type of network. The most commonly used data communication media include: *...
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