...Dave).” In this case study, I am trying to figure out that how the characteristics of the digital media with strategic decisions taken by its management team have supported eBay, the world’s largest e-business, growth. Analyzing the growth of eBay can definitely help me impress the acknowledge of e-Commerce. Case Study Facts eBay is an online auction and shopping website where people and businesses buy and sell goods and services world wide. eBay’s mission statement is, “pioneer new communities around the world built on commerce, sustained by trust, and inspired by opportunity (Chaffey, Dave).” As the world’s largest e-business, eBay has various to avoid the risk of fraud, such as PayPal and “Trust and Safety Programs”. The cost of access the largest online marketplace in the world is extremely low. “The vast majority of eBay’s revenue is for the listing and commission on completed sales. For PayPal purchases an additional commission fee is charged.” eBay thinks highly of the interaction between buyers and sellers. eBay released a social media called Neighborhoods in which buyers and sellers can discuss brands and products they have a high involvement with. eBay announced the Detailed Seller Ratings (DSRs) in 2008. It significantly increases the conversion rate by increasing positive shopping experiences. Generally, eBay’s objectives are to increase the registered users; increase the active users who are the sellers, bidders, and buyers on the eBay marketplace; increase the...
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...we discussed search theory, we found that lower search costs could facilitate the emergence of new markets. In some cases, those opportunities will be among people who previously had little interaction with IT. Since the vast majority of world’s people are in developing nations, the social and economic effects of IT can be proportionately more important there. The eChoupal case provides a closer look at one such situation. Readings Required: Upton and Fuller, “The ITC eChoupal Initiative”, HBS Case 604016 Optional: Malone, Yates and Benjamin, “Electronic Markets and Electronic Hierarchies”, Communications of the ACM, 1987. Sachs “The Digital War on Poverty” Project Syndicate. http://www.project- syndicate.org/commentary/sachs144 URLs: https://www.mturk.com/mturk/welcome http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Mechanical_Turk Study Questions Please think about the following questions as you do the readings. 1. What was ITC's motivation for creating the eChoupal? 2. What were the old and new physical flows and information flows in the channel? 3. What principles did it employ as it built the newly-fashioned supply chain? 4. What barriers did ITC face in embarking on this project? 5. How should ITC develop this platform for the future? Is it sustainable? 6. Are you optimistic or pessimistic about the prospects of the “Digital War on Poverty” as described by Jeffrey Sachs? Why? Required Assignment “One Pager” for Emerging Electronic Markets...
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...This case study of Kodak has face several challenges in order to compete with other photographic film businesses. Besides, the tremendous growth in technology has intimidate the company's core business, producing photographic products. In this case study, Kodak has gone through a transition stage in the late 80s to 90s. The motive behind of this transition was due to the prologue of new technology where during those years, people are more likely to use digital photography instead of the old traditional photography films. Kodak were well-known in developing photographic products and the company has developed most of the components of digital photography, nevertheless the effort has lead to a severe impact on the company business. Question 1 What is your analysis of what has gone wrong so far? In the recent years, Kodak has undertaken a transformation from being the traditional film business to a new digital photography business but the effort was not acceptable which lead to sales decline in the United States ("TECHNOLOGY; Advice to Help Kodak" 2004). It is said that, by recruiting in two CEOs from different industries was not a good idea for Kodak (Rise and Fall 2014). Kodak thought that, the CEOs from a dissimilar industry would present in new ideas which might help Kodak to maintain its position in the industry and also to make profits (Rise and Fall 2014). Based on the case study, Kodak had borrowed some amount of money just to finance the purchase of Sterling Drug, Inc...
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...••• THE HIDDEN EMPIRE Three digital engines to reshape and dominate retail mazon.com Amazon.com: a digital shop around the corner… … and a digital colossus. Did you know: all these companies belong to Amazon… Did you know: Amazon is also… AmazonBasics Amazon-branded electronic products AmazonFresh sells and delivers groceries in Seattle AmazonStudios online social movie studio Amazon WarehouseDeals offers discounts on refurbished products Did you know: Amazon has had one of the fastest growths in the Internet’s history… Revenues reached within first 5 years $2,8 bn $1,5 bn $0,4 bn eBay Google Amazon Amazon and eBay results from 1995 to 2000, Google from 1998 to 2003. Even though Zynga and Groupon appear to have an even quicker growth, they haven’t been compared because 1- sales have not been officially disclosed 2- they haven’t reach their fifth year Did you know: Amazon Web Services drives these companies… Did you know: Amazon.com is a giant… Y/Y growth for Q2 2012 +29% Market cap $105 bn Customers 152 m Employees 51,300 Annual revenue $48 bn Internet traffic rank 11th Retail brand 1st Paid out $1.2 bn Paid out $775 m Source: Amazon.com, Alexa, Brandz. Market capitalization as of the 5th of November 2012 2 × growth of 1,7 × market cap 4 × # customers 13 × more than 27% more than before before to buy to buy E-commerce market Why? A vision… From 1994, Jeff Bezos knew he could create a retail website...
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...A Supplier’s Perspective: The Evolution of IT In Major Industries Tutorial Group 2 Team 04 Name | Matriculation No. | Lek Zheng Hao Eugene | A0087911Y | Goh Wei Zhi | A0087958A | Lau Han Yang | A0087961N | | | Contents 1 Impact of IT/IS on Supplier 3 1.1 Automobile 3 1.1.1 Maturation of Automobile Industry 3 1.1.2 Globalization of Automobile Industry 3 1.1.3 Greater Autonomy of Suppliers 4 1.2 Banking 5 1.2.1 Improved Communication 5 1.2.2 Automation 5 1.2.3 Continuous Innovations 5 1.2.4 Implications for IS/IT Suppliers 6 1.2.5 Implications for Customers 6 1.3 Music 7 1.3.1 Change of Roles 7 1.3.2 Combating the Bullwhip Effect 7 1.3.3 Innovation in IT 8 2 Comparing and Contrasting Impacts across Industries 8 2.1 Similarities 8 2.1.1 Streamlining Operations 8 2.1.2 Greater Responsibilities 8 2.1.3 Change of Mindset 9 2.2 Differences 9 2.2.1 Powers and Balance 9 2.2.2 Product Offerings 9 2.2.3 Market Transparency 9 3 Underlying Reasons for Differences 10 3.1 Understanding Powers and Balance 10 3.2 Understanding Product Offerings 10 3.3 Understanding Market Transparency 10 4 Conclusion 10 5 References 11 6 Appendix 12 A. Definition of Just-in-Time (JIT) 12 B. Definition of New Product Development (NPD) 12 C. Definition of Time-Based Competition (TBC) 12 Impact of IT/IS on Supplier Information Technology (IT), as we know it today, has changed the landscape...
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...Information Systems in Global Business Today CHAPTER 1 Management • The process of dealing with or controlling things or people. • E.g. Management of resources, management of people in an organization. • The directors and managers who have the power and responsibility to make decisions. • Different management levels from top to bottom CEO to employees. Information • Meaningful data. • Everything depends on Information. • Information supports to achieve: Planning, organizing & decision making. System • Principles or procedures according to which something is done; an organized scheme or method. • Interconnecting network e.g. organizational system etc. What is Information System? Information System can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, communications networks, data resources, and policies and procedures that stores, retrieves and transforms information in an organization. How Information Systems are transforming Business? • Cell phones, BlackBerrys, iPhones, e-mail, and online conferencing over the Internet have all become essential tools of business. • There are 285 million cell phone subscribers in the United States, and nearly 5 billion worldwide (Dataxis, 2010). • By June 2010, more than 99 million businesses worldwide had dot-com Internet sites registered (Verisign, 2010). How Information Systems are transforming Business? • About 39 million people watch a video online everyday, 66 million read a blog...
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...OPENING CASE STUDY: WHAT’S REPLACING THE DAY AFTER THANKSGIVING FOR SHOPPING SALES? You’ve heard that the most profitable retail shopping day before Christmas is the Friday after Thanksgiving. It’s often called Black Friday, because it’s the day retailers move out of the red and into the black on their income statements. But not anymore . . . Cyber Monday is quickly replacing Black Friday as the big shopping day. Cyber Monday occurs on the Monday after Black Friday weekend. Cyber Monday is the day when consumers go back to work and shop on the Internet for products they found on Black Friday on retail shelves. Almost 80 percent of online retailers state that sales significantly increased on Cyber Monday last year. And, yes, we are talking about people being at work and shopping for Christmas gifts. According to a BIG research/shop.org survey of 7,200 consumers, 37 percent stated that they have used or will use the Internet at work to shop for gifts online. While that creates a problem for productivity in the workplace, online retailers are redefining their business models to take advantage of Cyber Monday. Ice.com, an online jewelry retailer, sees this as a new business dimension, so much so that it’s offering free shipping and a gift-with-purchase promotion for everyone ordering products on Cyber Monday. According to Pinny Ginwisch, Ice.com founder and executive vice president of marketing, “The results are unbelievable.” Ice.com expects 400,000 to 600...
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...Chapter 1 Case Studies Answers CASE STUDY 1 - Facebook Questions 1. As an investor in a social network such as Facebook, which financial and customer-related metrics would you use to assess and benchmark the current business success and future growth potential of the company? From comments in the case study, the main revenue model is ad-based advertising (CPC and CPM). Facebook has said it will not sell customer data and there is no indication of affiliaterelated models. Customer-related metrics are related to engagement which indicates capability to sell ad space – not simply users, but active returning users and the number of pages viewed per day. The proportion of ad inventory sold is also important. A basic answer will provide • Understanding of financial metrics. Revenue, Costs, Growth. • Clear framework of different metrics types – efficiency vs effectiveness. • Audience Engagement and satisfaction metrics such as those mentioned in the case. A more competent answer will reference elements of profitability (e.g. ad revenue, alternative models, e.g. subscription (although clear data not sold) costs (e.g. R&D, Development) Operational costs of managing business (on a per active user basis). 2. Complete a situation analysis for Facebook focusing on an assessment of the main businessrisks which could damage the future growth potential of the social network. Typical risks are: • Ad revenue limited because of difficulty of engaging audience in ads. • Major privacy problem as with...
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...faltered and eventually declared Chapter 11 Bankruptcy in 2012 Running head: KODAK and FUJIFILM 3 The Eastman Kodak Company, which is better known as Kodak was established in April 1880 by George Eastman in Rochester NY. The company got its start by first manufacturing dry plates for sale to various consumers. (Kodak Eastman, 2013). George Eastman was an innovator in the field of photography and was dedicated to making photography an everyday affair and was even quoted to say that he wanted to make the camera as convenient as the pencil, (Kodak Eastman, 2013) In September 2012 Kodak reorganized into three segments: Digital Printing and Enterprise (DP&E); Graphics, Entertainment, and Commercial Films (GECF); and Personalized Imaging and Document Imaging (to be sold), (Finance, 2013). Kodak has effectively ceased production of its Kodachrome color film line, digital cameras and pocket video cameras. This follows a decision in early 2012 to file Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd (Fujifilm) is a Japanese based company and was established in 1934 based on a government plan to establish a domestic photographic manufacturing industry, and inherited the split-of photographic film operations of Dainippon Celluloid Company Limited in January 1934(Fujifilm, 2011). In February 1934 he Ashigara Factory began operation producing photographic film, print paper, dry plates and other photensetive materials. (Fujifilm, 2011). With...
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... 3 The Eastman Kodak Company, which is better known as Kodak was established in April 1880 by George Eastman in Rochester NY. The company got its start by first manufacturing dry plates for sale to various consumers. (Kodak Eastman, 2013). George Eastman was an innovator in the field of photography and was dedicated to making photography an everyday affair and was even quoted to say that he wanted to make the camera as convenient as the pencil, (Kodak Eastman, 2013) In September 2012 Kodak reorganized into three segments: Digital Printing and Enterprise (DP&E); Graphics, Entertainment, and Commercial Films (GECF); and Personalized Imaging and Document Imaging (to be sold), (Finance, 2013). Kodak has effectively ceased production of its Kodachrome color film line, digital cameras and pocket video cameras. This follows a decision in early 2012 to file Chapter 11 bankruptcy. Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd (Fujifilm) is a Japanese based company and was established in 1934 based on a government plan to establish a domestic photographic manufacturing...
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...Sony case study Introduction Sony 5 Image 1Throughout the 20th century, the pace of technological advancement has increased dramatically. The digital revolution, now upon us, will see further massive steps forward. This case study looks at the ways in which Sony has been able to stay at the leading edge of the new technologies. Sony Corporation is the leading manufacturer of audio, video, communications and information technology products for the consumer and professional markets. Its music, pictures and computer entertainment operations make Sony one of the most comprehensive companies in the world. Founded in 1946, Sony has been at the forefront of technological advances and now has 1,041 consolidated companies, 65 affiliated subsidiaries and employs more than 177,000 people throughout the world. Sony recorded world wide sales in excess of $56 billion in the year ending March 1999. Sony has developed a wide product portfolio which includes goods that have become integral parts of modern lifestyles; the first Japanese magnetic tape and tape recorder in 1950, the transistor radio in 1955, the first all-transistor television set in 1960, the first colour video cassette recorder in 1971. In 1979, Sony launched the Walkman Personal Stereo, which has sold 150 million units world wide. It is the single best selling consumer electronics product ever and has become a way of life for a generation. The compact disc and MiniDisc systems have radically changed the music industry and,...
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...M02_TURB3315_05_SE_C02.QXD 9/4/07 7:54 PM Page 42 2 E-MARKETPLACES: STRUCTURES, MECHANISMS, ECONOMICS, AND IMPACTS Learning Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to: 1. Define e-marketplaces and list their components. 2. List the major types of e-marketplaces and describe their features. 3. Describe the various types of EC intermediaries and their roles. 4. Describe electronic catalogs, shopping carts, and search engines. 5. Describe the major types of auctions and list their characteristics. 6. Discuss the benefits, limitations, and impacts of auctions. 7. Describe bartering and negotiating online. 8. Define m-commerce and explain its role as a market mechanism. 9. Discuss competition in the digital economy. 10. Describe the impact of e-marketplaces on organizations and industries. CHAPTER Content How Blue Nile Inc. Is Changing the Jewelry Industry 2.1 E-Marketplaces 2.2 Types of E-Marketplaces: From Storefronts to Portals 2.3 Transactions, Intermediation, and Processes in E-Commerce 2.4 Electronic Catalogs and Other Market Mechanisms 2.5 Auctions as EC Market Mechanisms 2.6 Bartering and Negotiating Online 2.7 E-Commerce in the Wireless Environment: M-Commerce and L-Commerce 2.8 Competition in the Digital Economy and Its Impact on Industries 2.9 Impacts of EC on Business Processes and Organizations Managerial Issues Real-World Case: Wal-Mart Leads RFID Adoption Appendix 2A: Build-to-Order Production ISBN: 0-558-13856-X 42 ...
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...BITCOIN CASE CASE STUDY Bitcoin shakes up remittances as poorer people offered digital deals Social entrepreneurs in developing countries are using mobile phones and the controversial digital currency bitcoin to increase the speed, and slash the price, of international money transfers, raising the prospect of a revolution in the $600bn annual global remittance market. Soaring rates of mobile phone use in developing countries are helping the entrepreneurs compete with more usual forms of money transfer in countries where remittance rates and fees are highest. Many of the world’s poorest people depend on money sent to them from friends and family abroad. According to World Bank figures for 2011, nearly half of Tajikistan’s GDP is derived from remittances, while in Liberia, Lesotho, Nepal and Haiti they account for more than a fifth of GDP. Entrepreneurs claim they are using bitcoin to give some of the world’s poorest people a better deal on the money they receive from abroad. The World Bank calculates the average fee on remittances at 8%, yet charges can be three times as high. A report from the Overseas Development Institute (published in April 2014 , said the benefits of remittance transfers “are lost in intermediation as a result of high charges. Africa’s diaspora pays 12% to send $200 – almost double the global average.” Bitcoin could also cut the time it takes to send remittances. BitPesa, a Kenyan mobile money transfer firm that launched in May, says...
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...formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates consumer electronics, computer software, and commercial servers. The company was founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak on April 1, 1976 and was later incorporated the company on January 3, 1977, in Cupertino, California. In 1985, Jobs left Apple and founded NeXT, acquired the graphics division of Lucasfilm (Pixar), and joined the Disney’s Board of Directors. It was not until 1997 that Jobs returned to Apple and saved it from bankruptcy. Apple currently operates in 13 countries and has over 70,000 employees worldwide. Currently in the West, everyone believes that iPhone, produced by Apple, is the best and number one selling phone in the world. However, that is not the case. It is actually the second most sold Smartphone in the world. Apple was created through the friendship between Steve Jobs and Steve...
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...Affordability of College Textbooks: Textbook Prices Have Risen Significantly in the Last Four Years, but Some Strategies May Help to Control These Costs for Students August 2008 Report 2007-116 CALIFORNIA S TAT E A U D I T O R The first five copies of each California State Auditor report are free. Additional copies are $3 each, payable by check or money order. You can obtain reports by contacting the Bureau of State Audits at the following address: California State Auditor Bureau of State Audits 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 300 Sacramento, California 95814 916.445.0255 or TTY 916.445.0033 OR This report is also available on the World Wide Web http://www.bsa.ca.gov The California State Auditor is pleased to announce the availability of an on-line subscription service. For information on how to subscribe, please contact the Information Technology Unit at 916.445.0255, ext. 456, or visit our Web site at www.bsa.ca.gov. Alternate format reports available upon request. Permission is granted to reproduce reports. For questions regarding the contents of this report, please contact Margarita Fernández, Chief of Public Affairs, at 916.445.0255. Elaine M. Howle State Auditor Doug Cordiner Chief Deputy 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 300 CALIFORNIA STATE AUDITOR Bureau of State Audits S a c r a m e n t o, C A 9 5 8 1 4 916.445.0255 916.327.0019 fax w w w. b s a . c a . g o v August 12, 2008 The Governor of California President pro Tempore of the Senate Speaker of the Assembly State...
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