...expression of religious sentiments through regular ritual representations (Aron, 1967: 53) These rights constitute beliefs enacted for the purpose of preserving a sense of belonging for the participants and maintaining them together as a group. They not only tie the members of the group to each other "but also to the past and the future generations" (Cohen, 1871: 180). Religious ideas, in the words of Bachofen (Leaf, 1979: 118), define fundamental relations in society, showing internal structures similar to the actual behaviour or the believers. The supernatural order is in general based on the social relationships of the group. It validates and regulates these relationships, thereby conserving the social orders. In this paper, I will discuss the social organisation of the Hmong of Laos and Thailand in relation to their religious beliefs in order to see if the two spheres mutually interact to maintain the broader social system. It has been said that ancestral spirits are no more than "a projection of the authority system of the living - the lineage elders elevated to a supernatural plane" (Keesing and Keesing 1971: 309). How true is this of the Hmong? I will attempt to locate the social forces which cement them into distinct clans, lineages and gender categories. Here, a clan shall be taken to mean a group of people bond together through birth or adoption by a shared surname, but with few or no other identifications. Members of a clan who can trace decent to a known ancestor...
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...Skills Council Ltd All rights reserved. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher, Innovation and Business Industry Skills Council Ltd (‘IBSA’). Use of this work for purposes other than those indicated above, requires the prior written permission of IBSA. Requests should be addressed to Products and Services Manager, IBSA, Level 11, 176 Wellington Parade, East Melbourne VIC 3002 or email sales@ibsa.org.au. ‘Innovation and Business Skills Australia’, ‘IBSA’ and the IBSA logo are trade marks of IBSA. Disclaimer Care has been taken in the preparation of the material in this document, but, to the extent permitted by law, IBSA and the original developer do not warrant that any licensing or registration requirements specified in this document are either complete or up-to-date for your State or Territory or that the information contained in this document is error-free or fit for any particular purpose. To the extent permitted by law, IBSA and the original developer do not accept any liability for any damage or loss (including loss of profits, loss of revenue, indirect and consequential loss) incurred by any person...
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...SECTION - I 1 INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING PART I Unit Structure 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Meaning & Definitions of marketing 1.3 Importance of marketing 1.4 Scope of marketing 1.5 Concepts of marketing 1.6 Role of marketing manager in changing environment 1.7 Summary 1.8 Exercise 1.0 OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter students will be able to: Understand the meaning and definition of marketing. Explain the nature of marketing Discuss the importance of marketing Know the scope of marketing Explain the concepts of marketing 1.1 INTRODUCTION The emergence of ‗marketing‘ as a business discipline is of relatively recent origin. Though it has been practiced from the time of barter through money economy to today‘s modern complex marketing system, exchanges have been taking place. The ideas associated with marketing have undergone a great deal of change over centuries. Even after marketing became a full–fledged business discipline. Marketing, more than any other business function, deals with customer. It revolves around the customer. Building relationship based on customer value and satisfaction is at the very heart of modern marketing. The pricing strategies adopted the promotional tools selected; the design, shape and size of the product and the place of sales etc. are all decided after finding out the lifestyle, culture, buying habits and media consumption habits etc of all customers Marketing links producers and consumers together for mutual...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Since the last decade, the importance of Human Resource Management has been acknowledged. Humans are considered to be an important aspect in every part of the organization. Humans make the organization and they run the organization. One of the top priority areas of Citibank corporate reform is Human Resource Development. The Bank has undertaken several initiatives to ensure induction and training of professionals with the objective of ensuring high level of professionalism and productivity at all levels of its employees. Through computer training, various in-house courses, sponsorship of staff for studies at professional institutions and seminars, the Bank is providing its employees the opportunities for continuous development and learning. Effective implementation of corporate reform and business development strategies in line with best international practices has enabled Citibank to maintain its position in a highly competitive business environment. Citibank also stresses on workforce diversity and encourage specially women to join the organization. Codes of conduct and ethical issues are also regularly reinforced to the employees. INTRODUCTION Citibank Pakistan's Milestones of the 90's The nineties were a decade of domination and leadership for Citibank in the Pakistani marketplace and the trend continues into the new millennium. 1990-1996 Consumer Bank was established • Consumer Asset Business is launched...
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...University of Abertay Dundee Guide to Harvard Referencing 2009 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 4 What is Harvard referencing? .............................................................................. 4 What is the difference between a bibliography and a list of references? ........ 5 What is a bibliography? .................................................................................... 5 What is the reference list? ................................................................................ 5 Citing references in-text ....................................................................................... 6 How do I cite references in-text? ..................................................................... 6 General advice on in-text citation .................................................................... 6 Quoting directly from the book, journal or website ....................................... 7 Paraphrasing (rewriting what has been said in the book, journal or website) .............................................................................................................. 7 General advice on the reference list (and bibliography) ................................... 8 Referencing books ................................................................................................ 9 What information do I need to include? ................................
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...www.it-ebooks.info www.it-ebooks.info Praise “A must-read resource for anyone who is serious about embracing the opportunity of big data.” — Craig Vaughan Global Vice President at SAP “This timely book says out loud what has finally become apparent: in the modern world, Data is Business, and you can no longer think business without thinking data. Read this book and you will understand the Science behind thinking data.” — Ron Bekkerman Chief Data Officer at Carmel Ventures “A great book for business managers who lead or interact with data scientists, who wish to better understand the principals and algorithms available without the technical details of single-disciplinary books.” — Ronny Kohavi Partner Architect at Microsoft Online Services Division “Provost and Fawcett have distilled their mastery of both the art and science of real-world data analysis into an unrivalled introduction to the field.” —Geoff Webb Editor-in-Chief of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Journal “I would love it if everyone I had to work with had read this book.” — Claudia Perlich Chief Scientist of M6D (Media6Degrees) and Advertising Research Foundation Innovation Award Grand Winner (2013) www.it-ebooks.info “A foundational piece in the fast developing world of Data Science. A must read for anyone interested in the Big Data revolution." —Justin Gapper Business Unit Analytics Manager at Teledyne Scientific and Imaging “The authors, both renowned experts in data science before it had a name, have...
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...Standard 1: A school administrator is an educational leader who promotes the success of all students by facilitating the development, articulation, implementation, and stewardship of a vision of learning that is shared and supported by the school community. The effective administrator: 1.1 Uses research about best professional practice. Cooperative Learning "Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups so that students work together to maximize their own and each other's learning." WHAT IS IT? Cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject. Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement. WHY USE IT? Documented results include improved academic achievement, improved behavior and attendance, increased self-confidence and motivation, and increased liking of school and classmates. Cooperative learning is also relatively easy to implement and is inexpensive. HOW DOES IT WORK? Here are some typical strategies that can be used with any subject, in almost any grade, and without a special curriculum: Group Investigations are structured to emphasize higher-order thinking skills such as analysis and evaluation. Students work to produce a group project, which they may have a hand...
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...2 The Entrepreneurial Process "Who can be on entrepreneur you ask? Anyone who wants to experience the deep, dark canyons of uncertainly and ambiguity, and who wonts to walk the breathtaking highlands of success. But caution, do not plan to walk the Iotter until you hove experienced the former" An entrepreneur Results Expected Upon completion of this chapter you will have: l. Developed a definition of entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial process that spans lifestyle to high potential ventures. 2. Examined the practical issues you will address and explore throughout the book. 3. Learned how entrepreneurs and their financial backers get the odds for success in their favor, defYing the pattern of disappointment and failure experienced by many. 4. Examined the Timmons Model of the entrepreneurial process, how it can be applied to your entrepreneurial career aspirations and ideas for businesses, and how recent research confirms its validity. Demystifying Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship is a way of thinking, reasoning, and acting that is opportunity obsessed, holistic in approach, and leadership balanced. 1 Entrepreneurship results in the creation, enhancement, realization, and renewal of value, not just for owners, but for all participants and stakeholders. At the heart of the process is the creation and/or recognition of opportunities, 2 followed by the will and initiative to seize these opportunities. It requires a willingness to take risksboth personal and financial-out...
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...THE B L A C K SWAN The HIGHLY I mpact IM of the PROBABLE Nassim Nicholas Taleb U.S.A. $26.95 Canada $34.95 is a highly improbable event with three principal characteristics: It is unpre dictable; it carries a massive impact; and, after the fact, we concoct an explanation that makes it appear less random, and more predictable, than it was. The astonishing success of Google was a black swan; so was 9 / 1 1 . For Nassim Nicholas Taleb, black swans underlie almost everything about our world, from the rise of religions to events in our own personal lives. A BLACK SWAN Why do we not acknowledge the phenomenon of black swans until after they occur? Part of the answer, according to Taleb, is that humans are hardwired to learn specifics when they should be focused on generalities. We concentrate on things we already know and time and time again fail to take into consideration what we don't know. We are, therefore, unable to truly estimate oppor tunities, too vulnerable to the impulse to simplify, narrate, and categorize, and not open enough to rewarding those who can imagine the "impossible." For years, Taleb has studied how we fool our selves into thinking we know more than we actually do. We restrict our thinking to the irrelevant and inconsequential, while large events continue to surprise us and shape our world. Now, in this reve latory book, Taleb explains everything we know about what we don't know. He offers...
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...S ARAH B ROWN W ESSLING 2010 N ATIONAL T EACHER OF THE Y EAR M A K I N G A D I F F E R E N C E – S H A P I N G T H E F U T U R E SARAH BROWN WESSLING 2010 Iowa Teacher of the Year Johnston High School Johnston, IA School profile: Students in district: Students in building: Suburban 5700 1250 Teaching area: Teaching level: Years in teaching: Years in present position: 2010 National Teacher of the Year Sarah Brown Wessling English 10 - 12 11 10 Page 1 II. Educational History and Professional Development Activities: DEEPENING THE LAYERS ACADEMIC BACKGROUND Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Master of Arts, August, 2003. • MAJOR: English. Specialization: Literature. • THESIS TITLE: Using Literary Theory in an Advanced Placement English Classroom. • AWARDS: o Excellence in Research for Master's thesis, 2003. o Albert Walker Excellence in English Award, 2003. o Critical Writing Award (for critical scholarship), 2003. Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa. Bachelor of Arts, Graduated with distinction, May 1998. • MAJOR: English Education. • Honors: o Phi Beta Kappa Liberal Arts and Sciences Honor Society, 1998. o Mortar Board Honor Society, VICE PRESIDENT, 1997-1998. o Phi Kappa Phi International Honor Society, 1997-1998. o Kappa Delta Pi, FOUNDATION REPRESENTATIVE, 1997-1998. o Golden Key National Honor Society, 1996-1998. o Dean's List: 1995-1998. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY Johnston Community School District, Johnston...
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...1 EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Unit Structure 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Sources Acquiring Knowledge 1.3 Meaning, Steps and Scope of Educational Research 1.4 Scientific Method, aims and characteristics of research as a scientific activity 1.5 Ethical considerations in Educational Research 1.6 Paradigms of Educational research 1.7 Types of Research 1.7.a Fundamental 1.7.b Applied Research 1.7.c. Action Research 1.0 OBJECTIVES : After reading this unit, you will be able to: 1 To explain the concept of Educational Research 2 To describe the scope of Educational Research 3 To state the purpose of Educational Research 4 To explain what is scientific enquiry. 5 To explain importance of theory development. 6 To explain relationship among science, education and educational research. 7 To Identity fundamental research 8 To Identity applied research 9 To Identify action research 10 To Differentiate between fundamental, applied, and action research 11 To Identify different paradigms of research 2 1.1 INTRODUCTION : Research purifies human life. It improves its quality. It is search for knowledge. If shows how to Solve any problem scientifically. It is a careful enquiry through search for any kind of Knowledge. It is a journey from known to unknown. It is a systematic effort to gain new knowledge in any kind of discipline. When it Seeks a solution of any educational problem it leads to educational...
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...Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank to accompany A First Look at Communication Theory Sixth Edition Em Griffin Wheaton College prepared by Glen McClish San Diego State University and Emily J. Langan Wheaton College Published by McGrawHill, an imprint of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright Ó 2006, 2003, 2000, 1997, 1994, 1991 by The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in print form solely for classroom use with A First Look At Communication Theory provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any other form or for any other purpose without the prior written consent of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. PREFACE Rationale We agreed to produce the instructor’s manual for the sixth edition of A First Look at Communication Theory because it’s a first-rate book and because we enjoy talking and writing about pedagogy. Yet when we recall the discussions we’ve had with colleagues about instructor’s manuals over the years, two unnerving comments stick with us: “I don’t find them much help”; and (even worse) “I never look at them.” And, if the truth be told, we were often the people making such points! With these statements in mind, we have done some serious soul-searching about the texts that so many teachers—ourselves...
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...M.Sc. Program DISTANCE LEARNING ASSIGNMENT Introduction to Occupational Health Q1.( A) Define Health Hazards. Explain the processes that can be hazardous for the health of workers with examples. ANS. Health hazard is the state of events which has the potential to threaten and / or adversely affect health of the exposed employees. Or A danger to health resulting from exposure to environmental pollutants, such as asbestos or ionizing radiation, or to a life-style choice, such as cigarette smoking or chemical abuse. Health hazards may be classified as below 1. Chemical 2. Physical 3. Mechanical 4. Biological 5. Psychosocial Above mentioned hazards as well as all other health hazards are disastrous due to their adverse effects on exposed people like Bodily injury, Disease, Change in the way the body functions, grows, or develops, Effects on a developing fetus (teratogenic effects, fetotoxic effects), Effects on children, grandchildren, etc. (inheritable genetic effects) Decrease in life span, Change in mental condition resulting from stress, traumatic experiences, exposure to solvents. Effects on the ability to accommodate additional stress Following are some processes that can be hazardous for the health of workers 1. Abrasive blasting; abrasive blasting operations can create high levels of dust and noise. Abrasive material and the surface being blasted may contain toxic materials (e.g., lead paint, silica) that are hazardous...
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...Unit - 1 : Introduction to Human Resource Management Structure of Unit: 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 Objectives Introduction Opening Case What is Human Resource Management? Nature of HRM Scope of HRM Objectives of HRM Functions of HRM Role of HRM HRM in the New Millennium Summary Self Assessment Questions Reference Books 1.0 Objectives After studying this unit, you will be able to: 1.1 Understand the basic concepts of human resource management (HRM). Explain what human resource management is and how it relates to the management process. Provide an overview of functions of HRM. Describe how the major roles of HR management are being transformed. Explain the role of HRM in the present millennium. Introduction Human beings are social beings and hardly ever live and work in isolation. We always plan, develop and manage our relations both consciously and unconsciously. The relations are the outcome of our actions and depend to a great extent upon our ability to manage our actions. From childhood each and every individual acquire knowledge and experience on understanding others and how to behave in each and every situations in life. Later we carry forward this learning and understanding in carrying and managing relations at our workplace. The whole context of Human Resource Management revolves around this core matter of managing relations at work place. Since mid 1980’s Human Resource...
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...How can I as an educator and Professional Development Manager working with teachers, support and enhance the learning and achievement of pupils in a whole school improvement process? Submitted by Michael Anthony Bosher For The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Bath 2001 May 2002 Vol 1.1 Copyright ‘Attention is drawn to the fact that copyright of this thesis rests with the author. This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author’. This thesis may be made available for consultation within the University Library and may be photocopied or lent to other libraries for the purposes of consultation. …………………………… Contents Tables and Figures 2 Acknowledgements 3 Abstract 4 Preface 5 Introduction 13 Chapter 1 A Cultural Context 18 Chapter 2 An Autobiography 25 Chapter 3 Methodology 40 Chapter 4 The School's Action Research Cycles 89 Chapter 5 School Effectiveness and School Improvement 107 Chapter 6 Vignette 1 Alan Shelton a Teacher 'Par Excellence' 120 Chapter 7 Some More Vignettes 158 Chapter 8 A Personal Development Review 184 Chapter 9 The Circle is Completed 190 References ...
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