...Cancer Biology Assignment TOPIC: Cancer prevention Group Members 1. Benjamin Mbau 2. Charles Lwanga 3. Charles Mwanzia 4. Bernad Korir 5. Balovera Arquings CANCER PREVENTION * The best way to deal with cancer is by prevention. Cancer has no cure and hence prevention is the best strategy. * To prevent cancer, an individual needs to know the causes of cancer CANCER PREVENTION * The best way to deal with cancer is by prevention. Cancer has no cure and hence prevention is the best strategy. * To prevent cancer, an individual needs to know the causes of cancer CAUSES OF CANCER There are several causes of cancer; some of the causes of cancer are listed below; * Smoking * Viruses * Sun burns * Obesity * Lack of exercise * Poor diet * Use of alcohol and drugs * UV Rays CANCER PREVENTION METHODS GETTING SCREENED * Screening is one of the surest ways to prevent cancer. Be sure to take annual screening tests like the Pap test and mammogram if you are a woman, and the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test if you are a man. * Both the Pap test and PSA can detect cellular changes before they become cancerous, and the mammogram can detect breast cancer in its earliest stages. * Also people above the age of 50 should get screened for colon cancer since it is at this age that a person is most vulnerable to colon cancer. * Remember, some cancers are over 90 percent curable if detected early, so...
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...National Cancer Institute U.S. Department of HealtH anD HUman ServiceS Support for People With Cancer Eating Hints Before, During, and After Cancer Treatment national institutes of Health About this Book Eating Hints is written for you—someone who is about to get, or is now getting, cancer treatment. Your family, friends, and others close to you may also want to read this book. You can use this book before, during, and after cancer treatment. It has hints about common types of eating problems, along with ways to manage them. This book covers: u What you should know about cancer treatment, eating well, and eating problems u How feelings can affect appetite u Hints to manage eating problems u How to eat well after cancer treatment ends u Foods and drinks to help with certain eating problems u Ways to learn more Talk with your doctor, nurse, or dietitian about any eating problems that might affect you during cancer treatment. He or she may suggest that you read certain sections or follow some of the tips. Rather than read this book from beginning to end, look at just those sections you need now. Later, you can always read more. Table of Contents What You Should Know About Cancer Treatment, Eating Well, and Eating Problems .........................................................................1 Feelings Can Affect Your Appetite During Cancer Treatment ......................................................................................................
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...Preventing Cancer By Planetlovestars Nowadays, as we obviously notice, illnesses are inevitable... cancer, especially... This life-threatening condition is one of the top causes of morbidity and mortality not only in our country but around the world. And this where the saying, “PREVENTION is better than cure”, should arrive. They say, while you’re still young, “you should start your habits right”. And it is true as well when we’re talking about health. Our body, while still young, “fresh”, and healthy, can deal with the stresses and toxins that we’re exposed to. It can still compensate... eliminate wastes, free radicals, and the like... but not until we’re old...That’s why adding organic foods, chiefly natural healthy fruits which we call the “Superfruits”, to your diet helps you get rid of that horrible health condition. And thus, your Nurse’s Notes buddy is here to help you to savor the delicious anticancer benefits of Superfruits! Superfruit#1: GRAPES Enjoy the sweetness of each and every grape you eat for they have found to have strong anticancer properties due to the anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol present in them. They are particularly effective in colorectal cancer and breast cancer. Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, present in grapes, have anti-proliferative properties and can inhibit the growth of cancer causing agents. Freshen up with a grape juice! It not just prevents the risk of cancer but also suppresses the growth and propagation of cancer cells. The...
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...Thesis Statement and Annotated Bibliography Thesis Statement: Studies indicate that occurrences of adult and pediatric cancer in the United States are on the rise and are caused by increased parental and prenatal environmental exposures and both adults and children whose lifestyles lack a healthy diet and physical activity. Annotated Bibliography American Cancer Society (2014) Diet and Physical Activity: What’s the cancer connection? Retrieved from: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/dietandphysicalactivity/diet-and-physical-activity The American Cancer Society has been a leading organization in cancer prevention and awareness for over a century. They contribute to the fight against cancer in a variety of ways to include advocating and creating laws to prevent and treat cancer, investing in cancer fighting research, and helping those who are diagnosed with cancer cope and treat their illness. The information in this article states that there is indeed a link between cancer and poor diet and physical inactivity. The article provides several interventions and mitigating strategies an individual can take to manage risk of cancer due to a lack of exercise and heathy diet. This article is key in validating the second point in the thesis statement as a cause of cancer. National Cancer Institute (NCI) (2014) Cancer in Children and Adolescence. Retrieved from: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Sites-Types/childhood NCI is a part of the U.S....
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...Processed Foods in the American Diet DeVry University Processed Foods in the American Diet According to the New York Coalitions for Healthy School Food, approximately 62 percent of American’s daily caloric intake come from processed foods. If you consider that twelve percent, in addition to that, comes from the “Plant Food” category, and even up to half of that may still be considered “processed” due to preservatives and freezing; that makes the food we consume to be up to 74 percent processed. Before processed foods, Americans had no choice but to eat whole, natural, raw foods. As our technology advanced, our need for food to not spoil grew as quickly. Though as preservatives, additives, and processed foods increased in our diet, the integrity of food declined. With our new abilities to package and preserve food, food came to have more and more preservatives and contain fewer nutrients. Processed foods should usually be avoided because, over time, they contribute to obesity and can lead to disease; in order to help avoid these problems, the public needs to be educated on the negative effects of most processed foods and they need to be made more aware of affordable healthy alternatives. Obesity is a problem in the United States. According to the Center for Disease Control, 35.7% of adults are considered to be obese. The CDC also reports that obesity-related diseases or conditions are the second leading cause of death; some of these include: type 2 diabetes, heart...
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...Diabetic Diet: A Healthy Diet Conditions related to obesity and unhealthy eating like heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes and certain types of cancer are some of the causes of death that can be prevented ("Overweight and Obesity", 2014). According to Centers for Disease Control and prevention “More than one-third of U.S. adults (34.9%) are obese”. How can a healthy eating plan help? A Healthy eating plan can help stop the rise in people becoming overweight or obese by following a diabetic diet even if the individual is not diabetic. Knowing what the diet consists of and following it can help promote a healthier weight. Improving a diet can help a person ward off certain types of diseases and knowing why it is hard to stick to a specific diet can help a person’s chances at succeeding. Although obesity and its related diseases are on a rise, healthy eating plans like a diabetic diet can contribute to a healthier lifestyle. What is a diabetic diet and why is it recommended even if people do not have diabetes? A diabetic diet is about eating food that is naturally nutrient packed and low in fats and calories ("Diabetes Diet: Create Your Healthy-Eating Plan", 2013). This diet consists of healthy carbohydrates, High fiber foods, low sugar, moderate protein, and “good” fats. Healthy carbohydrates consist of eating fruit, vegetables, whole grain, and legumes (which are also high in fiber). Eating sugar and “bad” carbohydrates like white bread and pasta raise sugar levels in a...
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...Approach to Care of Cancer Ahmed Grand Canyon University Pathophysiology and Nursing Management of Clients' Health NRS-410V February 21, 2016 Cancer is affecting people of all races and it is everywhere into world. It is estimated that, a total of about one million five hundred thousand people are found to have cancer every year (Ignatavicius, 2010). Cancer is a genetic disease and it is referred to as the collection of related diseases that involves abnormal cells that continue to divide without stopping and spreading to surrounding tissues (Ignatavicius, 2010). Cancer is a common disease today, but it is not a new disorder. Some types of cancer happens to be more common today among certain group that are considered affluent. This is happening because of the long life expectancy and increase exposure to substances that causes cancer. Determining the cause of cancer can be complex, even though more advanced technology have made it much better now to diagnose the disease. Studies have shown that obesity, tobacco use, environmental pollutants, certain diet increases the risk for cancer (National Cancer Institute, 2014). The symptoms of cancer can vary depending on where the cancer is formed, where it has spread and the size of the tumor. The fear of dealing with the disease causes stress and depression for the patient. Understanding the prognosis of cancer is important when planning a variety of options for treatment (National Cancer Institute, 2014). This paper will focus...
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...----------------------- Stomach Cancer in Middle aged and Older Adults Stomach cancer is also called gastric cancer. This cancer begins in the stomach. Most of the time, the stomach cancer grows slowly over many years, and begins in the mucosa and grows into the other layers of the stomach. The stomach wall has five layers which the cancer affects, with three layers in specific because it can grow in these deeper. The innermost layer is the mucosa, which is where the cancer starts; next layer is the submucosa, a layer of muscle called the musclaris, and then the outer two outer layers, the subserosa, and the serosa, which is the wrapping for the stomach itself. Symptoms of Stomach Cancer and How It Affects Your Body Stage one is considered the early stage of stomach cancer which causes indigestion, heartburn, loss of appetite, and abdominal discomfort. Stage two is considered the middle stage of stomach cancer which causes weakness and fatigue, and bloating usually after a meal. Stage three or more of stomach cancer begins with all the symptoms mentioned above such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, weight loss, bleeding, and dysphagia. [pic] Layer of the Stomach [pic] [pic] Stomach Cancer Prevention and Detection of Stomach Cancer To help with the prevention of stomach cancer begin avoiding foods high in smoked and pickled cooking and processing, and avoid salted meats and fish. Also eat a...
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...Sallie Chronic Disease Assessment. Breast cancer is a chronic disease that I have chosen. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers found in women, besides lung cancer. Which are the number one cancers that kill more women than breast cancer per year? Breast cancer kills about 35,000 women a year. Breast cancer is a growth. That begins in the tissue of the breast. There are two types’ main types of breast cancer. Ductal cancer. This starts in the tube that moves milk from the breast to the nipple (duct), and Lobular cancer that starts in the part of the breast that produce milk. There are symptoms you want to watch for. -Swollen lymph nodes under the collarbone or under the arm. - Your breast feeling warm, firm, and harder. That’s not cause by menstrual. -Change in breast size, skin color, and itching breast. - Nipple discharge is a symptom that you must watch for. The discharges include clear fluid, milk like fluid, and even blood. This is why it’s important to get your mammogram done, and to know your body. A risk factor of the disease is behavior. Behavior is a major contribute to breast cancer by 60%. Some reproductive risk factors to look at are. -Being older when giving birth to your first child. -Using hormone replacement or long term use of hormone replacement. - Not giving birth, or breast feeding. -Being overweight and family history. Genes are less than 15% to donate to the cause of breast cancer. The environment is about 30%. Between your...
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...Chronic Disease Cancer Willandria Jackson SCI/162 May 15, 2014 Serogine (Chandra) Rambali Chronic Disease is a long-lasting condition that can be controlled, but not cured. Chronic illness affects the population as a whole. Chronic disease is the leading cause of death and disability in the United States. Although chronic diseases are among the most common and costly health problems, they are also among the most preventable and most can be effectively controlled. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, exceeded only by heart disease. Cancer begins in your cells, which are the building blocks of your body. Normally, your body forms new cells as you need them, replacing old cells that die. Sometimes this process goes wrong. New cells grow even when you don't need them, and old cells don't die when they should. These extra cells can form a mass called a tumor. Tumors can be benign or malignant. Benign tumors aren't cancer while malignant ones are. Cells from malignant tumors can invade nearby tissues. They can also break away and spread to other parts of the body. Most cancers are named for where they start. For example, lung cancer starts in the lung, and breast cancer starts in the breast. The spread of cancer from one part of the body to another is called metastasis. Symptoms and treatment depend on the cancer type and how advanced it is. Treatment plans may include surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. Doctors often cannot explain why one person...
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...the benefits outweigh the burdens. Today, there are many healthy, vegetarian choices in restaurants around the world. For example, apples and yogurt can even be found at McDonalds! “Farmer’s Weekly” says that not only is a vegetarian diet healthy but it also helps cut greenhouse gases, conserve water, and conserve land. Today, many people are trying to become eco-friendly and don’t know what they can do to help. Giving up meat is a healthy choice for you, for the animals, and it could even help solve world hunger. Many people, when they think of becoming vegetarian, wonder how they are going to get enough protein and iron in their diet. According the book, The Case for Vegetarianism, people are mistaken in thinking that protein comes from animals. Protein actually comes from plant food, meaning that all animals get protein through the food they eat. When trying to figure out what foods have protein, whole grains, beans, nuts, eggs, and peas are all high in protein, as well as all dairy products. To be the healthiest, one’s diet should include a variety of whole foods. Excess protein actually puts stress on the liver and kidney and is also linked with calcium loss. As for iron, women who eat meat have thicker uterine tissues and higher estrogen levels in their blood, causing them to have heavier and longer menstrual cycles; so vegetarian women are actually proven to retain iron better. Leafy vegetables such as spinach, dried fruits such as raisins and prunes, and...
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...The stomach is responsible for diluting the food an individual eats. It uses acidic digestive juices to dilute the food before it moves into the intestines, where it is broken down further; however, there are a variety of factors that can negatively affect the health of the digestive system. One such factor is damage to the lining of the stomach. If the lining of the stomach becomes damaged, a polyp may form. What is a Polyp? The term polyp refers to an unusual growth of tissue protruding from a mucous membrane. Polyps are frequently found in the nose, uterus, colon and, on occasion, in the stomach. A gastric polyp (aka stomach polyp) forms when masses of cells accumulate within the lining of the stomach. While stomach polyps are rare, fundic polyps have been on the rise in the U.S. This rise can be...
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...or improves their diet will have less risk of getting type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancers. A person who is obese has an increased chance to becoming type 2 diabetic. When a person eats healthier, their chances of becoming obese are slim. Reducing their weight by 5-7 percent can greatly reduce the chances of developing diabetes ("The Facts about Diabetes: A Leading Cause of Death in the U.S.", N.D.). To reduce your risk of heart disease, a person needs to have control over their cholesterol, blood pressure, and weight. Eating a healthy balanced diet can help a person achieve this. It also reduces a person’s chance at having a stroke ("Nutrition’s Role in Disease Prevention", N.D.). It is shocking to know even a healthy diet can prevent cancer. With obesity being at an all-time high in America, and causing a lot of health problems, people are not eating healthy as they should. The result of this is people catching diseases like diabetes, having strokes and heart failure from clog arteries. Let’s not forget Cancer. The reason for this is that the body is lacking all of the vitamins and minerals and other nutrients that comes from healthy eating, and not to mention key ingredients that can ward off cancer. By consuming a healthier diet you can reduce the risk of developing many different types of cancer to include; uteral, colon, kidney, esophagus, and breast cancer ("Nutrition’s Role in Disease Prevention", N.D.). By creating a healthy eating plan, a person...
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...Table of Figures Table 1. Cancer-related deaths from 1990-1998 7 Figure 1. Rate* of prostate cancer deaths, 1990-1998 8 Figure 2. Rate* of female breast cancer deaths, 1990-1998. 9 The most consistent finding, over decades of research, is the strong association between tobacco use and cancers of many sites. Hundreds of epidemiologic studies have confirmed this association. Further support comes from the fact that lung cancer death rates in the United States have mirrored smoking patterns, with increases in smoking followed by dramatic increases in lung cancer death rates and, more recently, decreases in smoking followed by decreases in lung cancer death rates in men. Additional examples of modifiable cancer risk factors include alcohol consumption (associated with increased risk of oral, esophageal, breast, and other cancers), physical inactivity (associated with increased risk of colon, breast, and possibly other cancers), and obesity (associated with colon, breast, endometrial, and possibly other cancers). Observational evidence shows associations between amount of alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and obesity and increased incidence of certain cancers. More research is needed to determine whether these associations are causal and thus whether avoiding these behaviors would actually reduce cancer incidence. Other lifestyle and environmental factors known to affect cancer risk (either beneficially or detrimentally) include certain sexual and reproductive practices...
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...what might work for one may not work well for the other. There may be extenuating circumstances or conditions that person may have that would prevent them from may cause ri A dietary supplement is a food or nutritional addendum that was destined to improve the health of people that did not receive the necessary nutrients for the body to stay healthy. Dietary supplements come in capsule, pills, liquid, and powder form. The body requires certain nutrients on a daily bases because some nutrients do not stay in the body long, thus dietary supplements are used. People use some supplements that come in the pills, liquid, powder, and capsule forms and labeled as such. People use Dietary supplements to help or add to their diets and provide the necessary nutrients that may be missing or lacking in their diets. Many different types of dietary supplement like your vitamins and minerals have major nutrients to help the body to stay on course. There are herbal supplements that have medicinal purposes to help certain areas of the body such as the liver, bone, and or the skin. Taking dietary supplements adds to the nutrients that we lack or that dispels on a daily basis. Taking dietary supplements is beneficial in proper metabolism, aids in tissue repair, and some in the prevention of some disease like cancer. After we have eaten, our bodies commence to break...
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