Is frontier settlement best understood as a uniquely American story of competing ethnic, religious, and racial groups—or is it best understood as a global process in which trade, immigration, and laws integration lightly populated landscapes worldwide?
The frontier settlement is documented as “a Place of Ethnic and Religious Conflict,” by Patricia Nelson Limerick. Ethnic problems arose when blacks went north and Europeans came across the Atlantic. In document seven, of Jackson Turner’s “Frontier Thesis,” he defines what a frontier is— ‘a boundary line running through dense population, which has promoted democracy.”

Was the West truly the place where Americans were most individualistic, democratic, and “free,” as Turner argued, or was it