Explain both the general principles of utilitarianism and the distinctive features of Mill's utilitarianism

Utilitarianism says that the result or the consequence of an act is the real measure of whether it is good or bad. This theory emphasizes ends over means. It is therefore, a teleological or deontological ethics theory. Teleological ethics determines whether an action is right or wrong depending on the consequence or end result. Deontological, on the other hand, is when the actions are intrinsically right or wrong due to an absolute law and the outcome doesn’t matter, even if it is good.
The theory of utilitarianism was devised by Jeremy Bentham, the English philosopher (1748-1832). He was born in London during the big time of the great scientific and social change. Jeremy Bentham wrote The Principles of Morals and Legislation. This is where he presented the ethical theory. This theory can be divided into three parts:
1. His view on what drove human beings, and what goodness and badness was all about.
2. The principle of utility, which is his moral rule.
3. The hedonic calculus, which is his system for measuring how good or bad a consequence is.
Bentham claimed that human beings were motivated by pleasure and pain. This is why he can be called a hedonist. In Principles of Morals and Legislation, he said, ‘nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do’ (Bentham, 1988, chapter 1).
Bentham believed that every human being wanted pleasure and avoided pain. He thought this as a moral fact, which showed us, through pleasure and pain, what we should and shouldn’t do. Bentham’s utilitarianism is called hedonic utilitarianism. This is because, as a hedonist, Bentham believed that pleasure was the sole good and pain was