...the consequences of their actions, however, children and teenagers that commit crimes are too young and they don’t have the mental ability to understand the consequences of their actions. These juveniles are not aware of what they are going to face behind the adult’s prison bars. According to the National Juvenile Justice Network, it states, “ 200,000 youths are tried, sentenced, or incarcerated as adults every year across the United States.” Studies have shown that juveniles that are sentenced to adult prisons are more likely to commit crimes again after being released from prison. Juveniles are more likely to be sexually assaulted, abuse, neglect, suicidal, and depressed in adult prisons. The adult prison has shown failures to rehabilitate these juveniles. Laws like the Felony Murder rule has to shown to be cruel and unusual punishments towards teenagers and children. Society does not bothered to look into factors such as the juvenile’s brain, mental disability, and their living environment that causes them to commit the crime. “Children are five times more likely to be sexually assaulted in the adult prisons than in juvenile facilities,” according to Equal Justice Initiative. Statistics shows that adult prison is cruel for juveniles. These young kids are trying to figure out their identity and being in the adult prison where they are forgotten there is going to affect them. These juveniles become easy targets for adults and guards in prison. They are not taken serious by the...
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...others, it is not only wrong but illegal as well. People who steal your money or burn down your house or kidnap you go to jail when they are caught. That’s what happens to criminals who take away your liberty or your pursuit of happiness. But what should we do when a criminal deprives you of the most precious right – the right to live? Should the murderer simply go to jail, just the same as any other criminal? Should the killer of a love one, a father or sister or brother or mother simply be allowed to spend a few years in jail before being released to return to our neighborhoods? Or should the taker-of- life have his or her life taken? This is a complicated moral question, especially for a country like ours, which values mercy, morality and justice. Some people say that the death penalty is immoral, that killers have a right to live since they are human beings, too. People against the death penalty ask why killers...
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...1979. Choose a complex and important character in a novel or a play of recognized literary merit who might on the basis of the character’s actions alone be considered evil or immoral. In a well-organized essay, explain both how and why the full presentation of the character in the work makes us react more sympathetically than we otherwise might. Avoid plot summary. People say the road to hell is paved with good intentions. So it is with Don Quixote, who, in his quest for justice, incurs carnage in the wake of his adventures. Despite committing crimes such assault, theft, and vandalism, he remains sympathetic to the reader because of his redeeming desire for justice and because of the fact that his insanity and general impotence as a knight...
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...resources - Haves and Have-nots. Those who control the productive property of any society (land, factories, and equipment) use their economic power to dominate other spheres--culture, religion, education, politics, and certainly the criminal justice system. There may be laws that benefit everybody, but mostly the upper-class. From a conflict perspective, the criminal justice system perpetuates inequalities by defining deviant behavior in terms of any behavior that threatens the powerful. Laws in a capitalist system are created to protect the interests of the ruling class. Crimes of Rich and Poor are equal, but poor have greater "recognition". Raiman developed pyrrhic defeat theory arguing that those in power have designed the criminal justice system to fail in order to yield benefits for themselves. Michael Parenti’s You Tube video presents some unbelievable facts like, The department of justice found that 60% of the 500 largest US companies have been found guilty in one or more criminal actions like violation of work place safety, price fixing, illegal kickbacks, insider trading and consumer frauds. Telephone companies routinely inflates their cost reports in order to justify higher rates for consumers and bigger tax write off for themselves without ever going to prison. When...
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...TELEOLOGY and DEONTOLOGY You ever heard the saying “the ends justify the means”? What exactly does this mean? Well it means just because you do something bad as long as the result is good the action can be forgiven. If one man kills another man he is a murderer. But what if the man he killed, killed others? Or done worse crimes? Was he a rapist? Possibly, and if he is then was his actions justified? The saying does say if the result is good the action is justified but how good of a result does it have to be? If you rob a bank and give the money to the less fortunate is that justified? How about killing one to save the lives of many? Let’s use teleology and deontology to help us figure this out. First let’s define what deontology and teleology mean. The word deontology comes from the Greek roots deon, which means duty, and logos, which means science. Which means deontology is the "science of duty." Deontology focuses on independent moral rules or duties. In order to make the correct moral choices, we simply have to understand what our moral duties are and what correct rules help us regulate those duties. The word teleology comes from the Greek roots telos, which means end, and logos, which means science. Which means teleology is the "science of ends." Teleology focuses on the consequences which our actions might have. When we make choices which result in the correct consequences, then we are acting morally. When we make choices which result in the incorrect consequences, then...
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...morality of such decisions based on the rule's actions. The application of deontology is better brought out by the absolute deontologists who support the belief that action are either right or wrong; pulling the plug is therefore either right or wrong, no in-betweens. The best way to view this act is to focus neither on the intentions nor consequences of the act but rather the act itself. This is what absolute deontologists uphold. The first step of the analysis is to determine what pulling the plug entails. When one ends the life of another it is considered as murder. If they end the life of many it is manslaughter. If an individual ends their lives then they are considered to have committed suicide. If they try to commit suicide and they fail they are said to have attempted suicide and are in a retribution state tried in a court of law. These illustrate that terminating life is stereotypically considered a vice in the society. Vices are wrong deeds. Pulling the plug is wrong and not right. Basing our argument on the practices of absolute deontologists we can conclude that pulling the plug is not an ethical practice. This supports my thesis in week 1 discussion as I categorically shun the shun of ending lives and...
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...THE PRINCIPLES OF MORALS. In his autobiography, Hume writes:— "In the same year [1752] was published at London my Inquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals; which in my own opinion (who ought not to judge on that subject) is of all my writings, historical, philosophical, and literary, incomparably the best. It came unnoticed and unobserved into the world." It may commonly be noticed that the relative value which an author ascribes to his own works rarely agrees with the estimate formed of them by his readers; who criticise the products, without either the power or the wish to take into account the pains which they may have cost the producer. Moreover, the clear and dispassionate common sense of the Inquiry concerning the Principles of Morals may have tasted flat after the highly-seasoned Inquiry concerning the Human Understanding. Whether the public like to be deceived, or not, may be open to question; but it is beyond a doubt that they love to be shocked in a pleasant and mannerly way. Now Hume's speculations on moral questions are not so remote from those of respectable professors, like Hutcheson, or saintly prelates, such as Butler, as to present any striking[Pg 198] novelty. And they support the cause of righteousness in a cool, reasonable, indeed slightly patronising fashion, eminently in harmony with the mind of the eighteenth century; which admired virtue very much, if she would only avoid the rigour which the age called fanaticism, and the fervour which it called...
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...Pros and Cons of the Juvenile Justice System Under most state laws, juvenile offenders do not commit "crimes", they commit delinquent acts, and some of these acts would constitute as crimes if committed by an adult. The trial phase of a juvenile case is called an adjudication hearing. This is when the judge hears the evidence and makes a determination whether the child is delinquent or not. The court may then take whatever action it deems necessary to be in the child's best interest. The purpose of the juvenile court is to rehabilitate, not to punish. However, the clash point in this debate is whether juveniles are mature enough to handle the consequences of their actions and as well be punished more severely in adult courts, if they commit more serious crimes. One of the basic problems and source of this debate is determining where to draw the line. A crime is still considered a crime, no matter who commits it. That is the attitude of many in this country that leads to the question of whether or not the whole juvenile system should be discarded and allow the judicial system of criminal courts to try both children and adults under the same law, with the same rules. Here are a few points that will help elaborate on why eradicating the juvenile system might be considered a bad idea. On most occasions, we'll find that the kids who have committed a crime are as young as 9 and 10. It is an understood and even proven in facts that a child at an age like this, dose not have the...
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...How is school suspensions actually benefiting the school system? Do they even make students reflect on what they did wrong? How does it resolve issues within the student body? School suspensions have been around for a long time. In the 1960’s and 70’s school suspension numbers spiked by what possibly is a result of desegregation. This spiked made people question the efficiency of school suspensions. Although school suspension does reduce the number of problem students, schools should use restorative justice instead of suspension because students understand what they did wrong, it reduces the pressure of a student wanting to drop out, and it solves issues within the students’ relationships. Students have a greater chance of knowing what they...
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...Economics & Ethics Ryan P. Quinn Business Society & Ethics Professor Peter J. Classetti March 24, 2014 Keynesian economics, also referred to as “mainstream” economics differs drastically from its counterpart, the Austrian school of economic thought. In a very basic sense, the two varying economic philosophies connect with and represent the two main political philosophies, (or what are known in the political realm as parties). Keynesianism is the liberal way of perceiving and practicing economics, whereas Austrian economists are much more conservative in their views on policies and procedures. Not unlike the liberals and conservatives in the world of politics, the main bone to pick with one another among the liberals and conservatives in the world of economics is the topic of government intervention. Conservative Austrian economists believe in an entirely free market, with very little to no government intervention whatsoever, (even in times of severe economic downturn and in the midst of financial crises), whereas more liberal Keynesian economists believe that government intervention is key to maintaining a healthy, growing economy with little to no possibility of collapse. These two vastly different economic philosophies not only have monetary implications, but also very significant social as well as ethical ones. Keynesian economics was developed by the British economist John Maynard Keynes who was born in 1883 and died in 1946 (Keynesian Economics, 2)....
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...away should have their own lives taken away too. B. Everybody is entitled to the right to life and so no one should be deprived of this right. C. Death penalty helps to preserve law and order Conclusion -Final review of main points -Concluding remarks and thanking the audience Introduction Hi everyone, I am happy to present to you on the topic death penalty. Many of us believe in the statement that, we should do to others what we expect should be done to us and so when one kills, they should be killed too. I am sure that all of us at some point have heard of death penalty and how many people have lost their lives through this penalty. Death penalty has been adopted by many states and is commonly used for heinous crimes, especially murder. It is also used on crimes against the state such as espionage, treason, crimes against humanity, and violent crimes while other states use it as part of military justice. Death penalty has raised lots of debates in many countries as to whether it should be legalized or not. This penalty is believed to be the only penalty that gives justice to the victims involved. I have done a lot of research on this topic and I strongly believe that at the end of my speech, you will support me in advocating for death...
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...impossible—question to answer. Murder still happens very frequently. So some criminals disregard this warning for various reasons. But the fact does remain that many criminals who ride the fence on committing murder ultimately decide to spare the victim’s life. In a larger sense, capital punishment is the ultimate warning against all crimes. If the criminal knows that the justice system will not stop at putting him to death, then the system appears more draconian to him. Hence, he is less inclined to break and enter. He may have no intention of killing anyone in the process of robbing them, but is much more apprehensive about the possibility if he knows he will be executed. Thus, there is a better chance that he will not break and enter in the first place. 2. There are many victims of a single murder. The criminal gets caught, tried, and convicted, and it is understood that the punishment will be severe. But the person he has killed no longer has a part to play in this. Unfortunately, the murderer has deprived his family and friends of a loved one. Their grief begins with the murder. It may not end with the murderer’s execution, but the execution does engender a feeling of relief at no longer having to think about the ordeal—a feeling which often fails to arise while the murderer still lives on. A system in place for the purpose of granting justice cannot do so for the surviving victims, unless the murderer himself is put to death. 3. If you read about Bundy’s life in prison...
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...Utilitarianism "According to act-utilitarianism, it is the value of the consequences of the particular act that counts when determining whether the act is right. Bentham's theory is act-utilitarian, and so is that of J.J.C. Smart. One objection to act-utilitarianism is that it seems to be too permissive, capable of justifying any crime, and even making it morally obligatory, if only the value of the particular consequences of the particular act is great enough. Another objection is that act-utilitarianism seems better in theory than in practice, since we hardly ever have the time and the knowledge to predict the consequences of an act, assess their value, and make comparisons with possible alternative acts. Modern act-utilitarians think that these objections can be met. Others have developed alternatives to act-utilitarianism, e.g. rule-utilitarianism, and other forms of indirect utilitarianism." The Penguin Dictionary of Philosophy ed. Thomas Mautner Ethical principle according to which an action is right if it tends to maximize happiness, not only that of the agent but also of everyone affected. Thus, utilitarians focus on the consequences of an act rather than on its intrinsic nature or the motives of the agent Classical utilitarianism is hedonist, but values other than, or in addition to, pleasure (ideal utilitarianism) can be employed, or — more neutrally, and in a version popular in economics — anything can be regarded as valuable that appears as an object of rational...
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...Introduction Antitrust laws are essentially a series of highly interpretable and ever-changing guidelines meant to encourage stable competition between businesses; in essence they are laws to protect against anti-competitive monopolists and conspiracies. What is US antitrust law? US antitrust law is essentially competition law. The term “antitrust” refers to the colossal trusts which were set up in the US in the late 1800s to control entire markets for petroleum, transport, banking, rail and other industry sectors. However, these trusts undermined free market economics by restricting competition, and the US antitrust laws were enacted to redress this issue. Consequently it is fair to say that defending the right of businesses to compete is the true purpose of antitrust law. An anticompetitive practice that is harmful to a business or its customers will find no antitrust law protection. The antitrust laws come only into effect when competitors collude with one another to undermine legitimate competition; or one of more competitors attempt to exclude another competitor to create or preserve a monopoly on their position; or if a proposed merger, acquisition or exclusive supplier agreement threatens to reduce competition in an unacceptable manner. In each of these instances there is a threat that the predatory corporate could increase prices without this having an effect on demand since the consumer has no-one else to purchase the goods from. This, in effect, distorts competition...
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...a 17 minute speech delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. on 28 August, 1963 in Washington D.C. during the ‘March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom’. Addressing more than 200,000 both, Black and White American civil rights supporters, from the steps of Lincoln Memorial along with the thousands of Americans viewing the live national broadcast, King effectively got his stance as a leading civil rights activist in the American Civil Rights Movement across: an end to the prevalent racial discrimination in the country; an end to the inequality, inferiority, oppression and injustice; a ray of hope for a free, prosperous and bright future for the Black Americans. Even though King relies too heavily on emotional reasoning rather than logic and does not provide the audience with any practical ways of achieving his goal of eliminating racial discrimination, he still succeeds in persuading them through a well structured and researched speech, the use of the Aristotelian appeals of ethos and pathos, visual metaphors, repetition of phrases and words and identification with the audience using a ‘we’ oriented approach. His entire speech is so well structured that it could be broken down into two visible chunks; presenting a wonderful transition from ‘what is’ to ‘what ought to be’. Initially he brings to light the harsh reality being lived by Black Americans from the past to present; their poor, deplorable plight, the grave oppression and injustice done to them. He calls on them to realize...
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