...Case 1 Assignment: Vaccines Submitted to: Dr. Nicole Welch GNED 1102-014 Controversies in Science Tuesday and Thursday 11:00am – 12:20pm Due Date: October 14, 2015 Submitted by: Danielle Cruz 2016150214 Table of Contents Peer-Reviewed, Scientific, Primary Research Article. “Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of a vero-cell-culture-derived trivalent influenza vaccine: a multi-centre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial” by P Noel Barrett et al. 3 Background 3 Research Purpose 3 Research methods 4 Participants and Study Design 4 Randomization and masking 4 Procedures 4 Results 5 Interpretation/Conclusion 6 Media Articles Discussing the Effectiveness and Safety of the Influenza Vaccine 6 Potential Biases in Media Articles 8 Is the Influenza Vaccine Safe to Use? 9 Is the Influenza Vaccine Effective? 9 Works Cited 10 Peer-Reviewed, Scientific, Primary Research Article. “Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of a vero-cell-culture-derived trivalent influenza vaccine: a multi-centre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial” by P Noel Barrett et al. Background Knowledge of what sort of protection vaccines does to people is restricted. Because there are constant changes in the...
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...Final Exam PSY 325: Statistics for the Behavioral and Social Sciences Download 100% accurate A++ and most economical answer from here http://www.homeworkmarket.com/content/need-urgent-5173933-2 http://www.homeworkmarket.com/content/need-urgent-5173933-2 Essay 1 A group of researchers conducted an experiment to determine which vaccine is more effective for preventing getting the flu. They tested two different types of vaccines: a shot and a nasal spray. To test the effectiveness, 1000 participants were randomly selected with 500 people getting the shot and 500 the nasal spray. Of the 500 people were treated with the shot, 80 developed the flu and 420 did not. Of the people who were treated with the nasal spray, 120 people developed the flu and 380 did not. The level of significance was set at .05. The proportion of people who were treated with the shot who developed the flu = .16, and the proportion of the people who were treated with the nasal spray was .24. The calculated p value = .0008. For this essay, describe the statistical approaches (e.g., identify the hypotheses and research methods) used in this excerpt from a research study. Interpret the statistical results and examine the limitations of the statistical methods. Finally, evaluate the research study as a whole and apply what you have learned about hypothesis testing and inferential statistics by discussing how you might conduct a follow-up study. Your essay must address the following points: • Describe the...
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...Institutionalized Murder MV Courage Pharmakeia or pharmakon? Mercury laced flu shots, dental amalgam, thimerosal, warfarin, digitalis, and pharmaceutical synthetics are considered medicine while natural herbs and essential oils are thought of as mere potions or even sorcery by the FDA and traditional pharmacology business commonly referred to as Big Pharma. Big Pharma, derived from PhRMA-the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, is worth roughly around 300 billion US dollars and wields enormous influence over modern Western medicine, insurance, litigation, government, and health with leverage from huge profits and about 3,000 paid lobbyists. Harvard Business School Professor William George asked, “Is the role of leading large pharmaceutical companies to discover lifesaving drugs or to make money for shareholders through financial engineering?” Pfitzer made a bid to buy AstraZeneca and Valeant Pharmaceuticals International takeover bid for Allergan have monetary gains of lower tax liabilities and another income stream. Biopharmaceutical companies are expensive to run under high risk-only significant profits will guarantee solvency. Clinical trials and drug development are chosen by the significant profit margin and medical breakthrough. For example, aspirin has been a generic drug since 1919 with a cost less than $6.00 for a year supply and may improve survival and reduce the recurrence of some cancers. But running clinical trials to prove or disprove the benefits...
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...COMMUNITY INTERVENTION FOR DENTAL CARIES Community Intervention for Dental Caries Avril James-Hurt MPH 607: Community Health Analysis Benedictine University Professor Uche S. Onwuta Background Rural Healthcare Disparities The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) (2010) defines rural as a twofold concept: “micropolitan statistical area” of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants and “noncore statistical area”, which is smaller than a micropolitan area. Despite 25 percent of Americans live in rural communities, they have unique healthcare concerns; “Compared with urban Americans, rural residents have higher poverty rates… tend to be in poorer health, have fewer doctors, hospitals, and other health resources, and face more difficulty getting to health services” (AHRQ, 2010, p. H-10). The AHRQ (2010) explains further, “Residents of micropolitan areas had worse access to care for 50% of access measures. Residents of noncore areas had worse access to care for about 40% of access measures” (p. H-11). Rural children suffer health the aforementioned disparities; more than 30 percent of young children in the rural southern United States are poor. Due to their developing bodies; younger children are especially vulnerable to negative health outcomes. Childhood health problems can persist into adulthood. McKenzie, Pinger, & Kotecki (2008) explain it is difficult for unhealthy children to learn. Early childhood poverty is correlated with fewer years of completed matriculation...
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...• ^ International Committee on onomy of Viruses. "The Universal Virus Database, version 4: Influenza A". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.046.0.01.htm. [dead link] 1. ^ a b c d e f "Swine influenza". The Merck Veterinary Manual. 2008. ISBN 1442167424. http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/121407.htm. Retrieved April 30, 2009. 2. ^ [1][dead link] 3. ^ Heinen PP (15 September 2003). "Swine influenza: a zoonosis". Veterinary Sciences Tomorrow. ISSN 1569-0830. http://www.vetscite.org/publish/articles/000041/print.html. "Influenza B and C viruses are almost exclusively isolated from man, although influenza C virus has also been isolated from pigs and influenza B has recently been isolated from seals." 4. ^ Bouvier NM, Palese P (September 2008). "THE BIOLOGY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES". Vaccine 26 Suppl 4 (Suppl 4): D49–53. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.07.039. PMC 3074182. PMID 19230160. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3074182. 5. ^ Kimura H, Abiko C, Peng G et al. (April 1997). "Interspecies transmission of influenza C virus between humans and pigs". Virus Research 48 (1): 71–9. doi:10.1016/S0168-1702(96)01427-X. PMID 9140195. 6. ^ a b Matsuzaki Y, Sugawara K, Mizuta K et al. (February 2002). "Antigenic and Genetic Characterization of Influenza C Viruses Which Caused Two Outbreaks in Yamagata City, Japan, in 1996 and 1998". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 40 (2): 422–9. doi:10.1128/JCM.40.2.422-429...
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...have teenagers less than 18yrs (adolescents) to a house warming party at my house. African heritage treasures bigger families, and generally their families support the notion, that the more the merrier at least where I come from, giving me an audience of 15 children under 18yrs old and their parents. I choose to do my presentation at the family setting because the teens in the family and their parents have a greater concern for how to control infection at this time of the year as it is a major factor in preventing the spread of germs and viruses that cause diseases. And again, I plan to do it on a group of family and close friends given that charity begins at home. This will be more appropriate because of the stomach flu that was going around, and most of my niece and nephews and friends’ teens got it, hence my choice of setting to teach. The other factor that I have considered is that it is the stomach flu season and therefore it is the appropriate time to do my teaching on this topic to benefit our teenagers by enlighten them and their parents on how to prevent the spread or getting of the stomach flu. I I intend to obtain my material online resources such as the CDC website, Univ. of Michigan site and the Mayo clinic site. As this websites they great updates on current flu demographics and updates for approved flu vaccines and when to be vaccinated. Presenting my teaching to this targeted population, will be a good idea because I have known them almost all their...
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...have learn, not maintaining a healthy way of living dealing with your lungs will led to major problems in the long haul. The disease I will discuss is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease {COPD}. COPD is the resistance to airflow as a result of airway narrowing. Airway obstruction may result from accumulated secretions, edema, swelling of inner lumen of airway, bronchospasm, or destruction of lung tissue. There three cystic fibrosis that is related to COPD and they are Emphysema, Chronic bronchitis, and Asthma. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease has a major impact on both physical and psychological well-being {Donna R. Falvo, 420.} Realizing that this is a life-changing condition, with one cure and treatment [makes you think] ‘what does that mean?’ A pulmonologist told me, “That any person that is face with COPD would have to have a lung transplant to get rede of the disease.” The etiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease {COPD} is that cigarette smoking is the number one reason in developing COPD and is ten times likely to develop this disease. Secondhand smoke exposure can also cause COPD. When this happen hyperplasia in our cells produce more mucous, reduced airway due to hyperplasia, reduce ciliary activity that bring up foreign bodies to cough things up. Cigarette smoke will cause lung damage, which can lead into COPD over time. Smoking harms the cilia that line the airways. Damage cilia can’t sweep mucus and particles away. Some of the cilia are destroyed...
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...the New Labor Pool was putting together a series of interactive kiosks devoted to potential pandemics like the Look Who's Crowdsourcing avian flu. An exhibition designer had created a plan for the kiosk itself, but now Menashe was looking for images to accompany the text. Rather than hire a photographer to take shots of people suffering from the flu, Menashe decided to use preexisting images – stock photography, as it’s known in the publishing industry. In October 2004, she ran across a stock photo collection by Mark Harmel, a freelance photographer living in Manhattan Beach, California. Harmel, whose wife is a doctor, specializes in images related to the health care industry. “Claudia wanted people sneezing, getting immunized, that sort of thing,” recalls Harmel, a slight, soft-spoken 52-year-old. The National Health Museum has grand plans to occupy a spot on the National Mall in Washington by 2012, but for now it’s a fledgling institution with little money. “They were on a tight budget, so I charged them my nonprofit rate,” says Harmel, who works out of a cozy but crowded office in the back of the house he shares with his wife and stepson. He offered the museum a generous discount: $100 to $150 per photograph. “That’s about half of what a corporate client would pay,” he says. Menashe was interested in about four shots, so for...
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...2 Tim. 3:1 describes these days as “perilous times”, and for good reason, as you will see in the following article. Many people erroneously think that no signs have to happen before the Rapture occurs. This is a myth that unfortunately, exists in many Christian circles and is taught in Seminary, but nothing could be further from the truth. Therefore, it is believed that, because the Apostle Paul and others from the New Testament/ First Century believed the Rapture was imminent and would happen in their lifetime, that our position as Evangelical Christians now should be that there are no signs to watch for in the End Times and therefore the Rapture could happen now or a thousand years from now. I believe this is an incorrect belief, because the signs we are to watch for (Mark 13:32-37) are prophecies still being fulfilled. Obviously, they were not all fulfilled in the First Century. A good twenty-five percent of the Bible is prophecy, and much of it concerns the end times. So it would make complete sense when Jesus commanded us to watch for Him, to be alert for His Trumpet Call as our Blessed Hope and not be discouraged because of the times we are living in. Jesus said to the Pharisees, "[Ye] hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky and of the earth; but how is it that ye do not discern this time?" (Luke 12:56) Meaning that the Pharisees should have been discerning about the times they were living in and watching those signs. And notice He called...
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...Family Assessment Bryan Smith Tulane University Abstract The Gordon’s 11 Functional Health Patterns provides an efficient and well organized mechanism in order to collect data from an individual and all of their life processes (Edelman & Mantle, 2006, pg. 131). With the Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns, it provides the foundation of the nurse’s assessment. “The assessment is a systematic technique for learning as much as possible about the individual”, and the main purpose in collecting all of the information is to discover if there are any health complications and to help identify the person’s healthy goals (Edelman & Mantle, 2006, pg. 147). With the nursing process, the nurse is able to evaluate, make a proper nursing diagnosis, predicts outcomes, prescribes interventions, and is able to assess the effectiveness (Edelman & Mantle, 2006, pg. 147). With subjective and objective data, the nurse is able to organize what is wrong with the individual. The nurse then uses the data he or she has gathered and formulates a diagnosis. With this, the nurse can then continue making a plan of care for the person and help encourage them to a healthier and better goal. For this particular assessment, I chose to interview the “M Family”. I decided to interview them in their own home in order to gather the most accurate information as possible. With this data provided, the Gordon’s 11 Functional health assessment, and the NANDA text book, I was able to devise an accurate...
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...SWOT Analysis 33 * Strengths 33 * Weaknesses 34 * Opportunities 35 * Threats 35 * Recommendations 36 Google Product Development Process 37 Google Ethics 37 Criticism of Google 39 Issues in Google life cycle 39 Another Issues in Google 40 Copyright Issues 40 Privacy Issues 41 Why won’t Google be affected by the crisis? 42 How do Google measure success of a new product? 42 Google deal with the host of privacy issues associated with its application 43 Antitrust 44 Google and Antitrust 44 Some spesific activities have been made for anti trust claims 45 The Issues are associated with the launch of Google Health 45 * The look of Google Health 46 * Screen shot deeper on the application 46 * The Issues of google health 46 * Google Response 47 The issues might arise in Google’s ownership of Tianya.cn 47 * What is Tianya.cn? 47 * The issues might arise in Google’s ownership of Tianya.cn 48 * Google’s Partnership status in China 48 Google interact with Microsoft 49 Conclusion 49 Executive Summary * Google Inc., a technology company, maintains index of Web sites and other online content for users, advertisers, Google network members, and other content...
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...O P EN G OV ER N M EN T A Progress Report to the American People DECEM BER 2 0 09 A Progress Report to the American People OPEN GOVERNMENT “My Administration is committed to creating an unprecedented level of openness in government. We will work together to ensure the public trust and establish a system of transparency, public participation, and collaboration. Openness will strengthen our democracy and promote efficiency and effectiveness in government.” —President Barack Obama, January 21, 2009 TRANSPARENCY. PARTICIPATION. COLLABORATION. Table of Contents Let the Sun Shine In : Welcoming a New Era of Open Government Creating an Open Government in Practice The Open Government Directive: Hardwiring Accountability Open Government: Committed to Changing How Things Work Appendices Appendix 1: The Open Government Initiative: The Unprecedented Consultation Process that Shaped the Open Government Directive Appendix 2: Cabinet Department Open Government Projects in Service of National Priorities Appendix 3: Select Transparency Milestones Appendix 4: Select Participation Milestones Appendix 5: Select Collaboration Milestones 1 2 8 9 12 12 13 18 19 21 Let the Sun Shine In : Welcoming a New Era of Open Government For too long, the American people have experienced a culture of secrecy in Washington, where information is locked up, taxpayer dollars disappear without a trace, and lobbyists wield undue influence For Americans, business as usual in Washington...
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...Medical Sleuth Tom Shachtman, Smithsonian, Feb. 2006, Vol. 36 Issue 11, p23-30 IT WAS EVERY PARENT'S nightmare: a few days before Christmas 1999, Elizabeth and Samuel Glick, Old Order Amish dairy farmers in rural Dornsife, Pennsylvania, an hour's drive north of Harrisburg, found their youngest child, 4-month-old Sara Lynn, gravely ill. They rushed her to a local hospital, from where she was soon transferred to the larger Geisinger Medical Center in the next county. There, a doctor noted a hemorrhage in her right eye and extensive bruising on her body and suspected that her injuries were caused by child abuse. Alerted to the doctor's suspicion, the police and officials from the Northumberland County Children and Youth Services descended on the Glicks' farm during the evening milking, and took away the couple's seven other children, all boys, ranging in age from 5 to 15. The boys were separated and placed in non-Amish foster homes. Sara died the next day, and when the county coroner found blood in her brain, he declared her death a homicide. At Sara's funeral, on Christmas Eve, Elizabeth and Samuel were not permitted to speak privately with their sons. By that time Samuel had already contacted the Clinic for Special Children in Lancaster County, and pleaded with its director, pediatrician D. Holmes Morton--the world's leading authority on genetic-based diseases of the Amish and Mennonite peoples--to find the cause of his daughter's death. THE AMISH are Anabaptists, Protestants...
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...Organizational Leadership and Inter-professional Team Development The Patient and Family Care Organizational Self-Assessment Tool (PFCC) for current practice setting will be completed as well as the organization in its entirety. The results will be analyzed based on a one to five scoring system with one being the lowest. The areas where the organization could improve its PFCC care will be discussed. The analysis of how business practices and regulatory requirements impact patient family centered care. A strategy will be created that includes goals and an operational plan to increase PFCC of the organization by improving one of the gaps that’s identified. I will discuss financial implications that this strategy may have on the organization. I will identify potential members for the multidisciplinary team who could assist in improving the identified gap. I will discuss the purpose and scope of the team to include the member’s roles, and importance of diversity within the team. The team will focus in a meaningful way using self-assessment, and awareness of self-reflective techniques. I will use PDAC to monitor whether the strategy was effective in increasing patient and family centered care. Self-Assessment Tool The PFCC tool was used to evaluate Medical Center Health System (MCHS) see attached. Setting Description Medical Center Hospital System (MCHS) is an acute care, not for profit regional 402 bed Level II Trauma Center, located in West Texas of the...
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...You have just witness “bro science” in action. It’s wellintended. It can also be deadly. The difference between 5 grams and 5 micrograms, depending on the substance, can indeed be the difference between life and death. Where should one get such information? From qualified sources, of course. Not from your bro. Want to know about proper dosage? Look in the medical literature and find out what dosages have been shown through experimentation to render the desired effects. Want to know about a proper manufacturing method? Then you need to read technical manuals written by actual engineers. As much as possible, I’ve pointed you to more qualified sources of information than myself throughout this guide. I’ve deliberately left out information about dosages in order to force you to use this as a starting point rather than a definitive resource. At the same time, I’m obviously encouraging DIY experimentation. Allow me to clear up the apparent contradiction. See, I intend for this report to be, among other things, a bit of a shot across the bow of the troubled ship that is the nutritional supplement industry. Here’s a field that can do so much good but that exhibits so little true innovation. When anyone can privatelabel the same substandard supplements everyone else is selling and “win with better marketing,” it doesn’t seem there’s much incentive to raise the bar. The best way to shake up such a market is to educate the buyers. When consumers are aware of...
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